23 Herodotus, History 7.31.
20Hence the footnote appended to 1 Timothy in later manuscripts and translated in the KJV: “The first to Timothy was written from Laodicea, which is the chiefest city of Phrygia Pacatiana.”
21To be distinguished from Hieropolis near Synnada, in Phrygia Salutaris, about seventy miles to the northeast (where Avircius Marcellus was bishop late in the 2nd cent.).
22See W. M. Ramsay, Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia, I, 84-121; D. Magie, Roman Rule in Asia Minor, I, 127-28; II, 987-88; F. Kolb, “Zur Geschichte der Stadt Hierapolis in Phrygien: Die Phyleninschriften im Theater,” Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 15 (1974), 255-70.
23Herodotus, History 7.31.
24Strabo, Geography 12.579. See W. C. Brice, “A Note on the Descent into the Plutonium of Hierapolis of Phrygia,” JSS 23 (1978), 226-27.