పెరుగుతున్న ఫలవంతమైన (1892–93)

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CHAPTER XII

INCREASING FRUITFULNESS (1892-03)

IN order secure the necessary funds for the Zenana Home which was being built accommodate the zenana sisters, a unique method raising money was proposed Schmidt and adopted the Board Foreign Missions. The cost construction was divided follows: Masonry, 18 shares, $20ashare. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $360.00 Doors, 16, $8 door. . . 128. c0 Windows, 10, $6 window. . . . . . . cco 60.00 Pillars, 10, $1oapillar. . . . . . . . o. 100.00 Beams, 12, $6 abeam. . . . . . . . . 72.00 Rafters, 200, $rarafter. . . . . . . . . . . . iii 200.00 FS] 7: or: = 40.00 Roofs, 4, $8oaroof. . . . . . eee 320.00 Roof, I, $100. . . eee 100.00 Trusses, 4, $15 trUSS. . . otter een 60.00 The responses this method appeal were prompt and enthusiastic, and the time the building was completed enough money had been contributed pay the total cost construction, which was approximately $1500. The Misses Schade and Sadtler moved into the Zenana Home May, 1892. As usual, the new year began with the conventions the Mission Conference and Council, beginning the first Sun- day January. Church Missionary Society missionaries from Dummugu- dem had gone into the hill country and made number con- verts, but, realizing that the territory that direction really belonged our Mission, urged our missionaries provide for more thorough and systematic evangelization the dis- trict. Some time during the first half the year 1892, there- fore, Edman visited that part the field and baptized few persons. September Schmidt went the Godavery River ! Schmidt, the senior missionary, was continued the office president McCready was elected English secretary. 281

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beyond Sitanagaram, accompanied his wife. Mrs. Schmidt described this tour follows: "On the morning September 27th! started the Godavery. this time the year the water high and the current strong. Six sturdy men were engaged take the house-boat. Not one them would without the promise of double wages. was hard work. evening an- chored near sand-bank. The gorgeous sunset, covering the mountains with golden light, was followed fine moon- light. The coolies got out their prepared rice which they had brought from home wrapped piece cloth, and sat down the sand and ate it. Afterward they stretched them- selves out cloth spread the sand rest for the night. The boat started the morning before arose. While we were eating our breakfast, which had take without milk, because none could gotten, reached the village Moonakodavelli. went see the Christians who lived in this village. Many people gathered sat the veran- dah. After singing hymn Mr. Schmidt read the parable the shepherd leaving the ninety-nine seek the one lost sheep, and used text for sermon. The sermon was followed conversation during which the people asked for a teacher, because they wanted instructed the truth. They had teacher some time ago, who got the cholera, from which recovered; but had not the courage remain. Nobody has since been found willing there. "We went Sitanagaram, where the Christians came the shore welcome us. the evening went Vangala- pudi and sat down under large tamarind tree open place, where large crowd gathered. Most them were caste people. The pariahs stood apart one side. The catechist William played the violin and commenced sing 'Raro janulara' (Ye sinners come). Mr. Schmidt preached the text, 'Come unto me, all that labor and are heavily laden. " When ! Her description begins with interesting paragraph. "There gener- ally nothing enjoy much, " wrote Mrs. Schmidt, "as going out mission tours. Not for the sake the pleasure the comforts travel, but because the missionary feels himself such times his real element, proclaiming the blessed word salvation the masses various people wherever goes. '

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returned the boat large crowd followed, among them the village munsiff. The next day Rapaka and Rahitavaram were visited the morning, and Mr. Schmidt addressed three crowds people these places. Saturday morning Konda- pudi was visited, and the evening went again Vangala- pudi. There school here with about twenty boys enrolled. Not single girl could read. The munsifi's daughter, who about twelve years old, and few other girls her age had mastered few words; but the boys read fluently and wrote correctly the ground dictated them. "Sunday morning went the house the evangelist Joseph, where the Christians from other places had gathered to partake the Holy Communion. stable under roof of palm leaves supported number posts, with little bench for communion table, Mr. Schmidt using box and I bench for seats, mats being spread the floor for the Christians, one could not help being reminded Him who for our sakes was born stable. felt assured that was just near gathered there His name, few though we were, any other hallowed place worship. Beautiful, large trees shaded from the hot sun, and the birds seemed to join the singing. Only two heathen were present, one old man who confessed his faith Christ and wished baptized, and the other elderly woman who sought salva- tion through the Redeemer. "As passed Tallapudi our way down made call there, and reached home noon Monday, where once found plenty do, was the beginning the month, when all agents had paid. " Correspondence was opened Schmidt, 1892, with the missionaries the Ontario and Quebec Baptist Mission, which was beginning encroach the territory our Mission, asking for amicable adjustment boundary lines, but fourteen years were elapse before agreement could be effected. J. John, who had been teacher the Seminary, became Edman's catechist the Samulkot district, and together they visited one hundred and twenty-five towns and villages during

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the first half the year 1892. Those which Christians resided were districted, that each teacher had charge from ten fourteen villages, each which service was held least once month. Pastor Joseph, who for number years had suffered from a disease the eyes, became totally blind one eye 1892, and other respects began show signs advanced age. St. Peter's Church Tallapudi was completed 1892. A baptismal font, donated Professor and Mrs. Garber Allentown, and pulpit, the gift Mrs. Mary Hunter New York, were placed the chancel. consequence his supervision the erection the buildings Tallapudi McCready became interested the manufacture tiles, and proposed the Board Foreign Missions that industrial work along this line should begun Tallapudi. Most of the converts his district, argued, being the Madiga or Chuckler caste-the lowest and poorest people-desired after their conversion better their conditions. McCready was convinced that this problem could solved teaching them make tiles. The Foreign Mission Board, however, declined finance the undertaking include regular branch mission work. Mrs. McCready taught some the Christian women and girls Tallapudi and neighboring villages how crochet, knit and make lace. In 1892 she had class about twenty work. In March, 1892, the Board Foreign Missions authorized the erection church Bhimawaram, which was memorial the late Rev. Dr. B. M. Schmucker and was receive the name The Church the Transfiguration, because Dr. Schmucker the time his death was the pastor church the same name Pottstown, Pa. scheme for raising funds America similar that employed for the Zenana Home was adopted, but met with less pro- nounced success. The church was planned seat 1000 people and cost $3000. ! ! Building operations the lower portions the Godavery delta are more expensive, because all the building material must brought from Rajahmundry a distance nearly fifty miles, boats bullock-carts.

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The excellent condition the Seminary Rajahmundry under the supervision Pohl was attested the result the examination the government school-inspector, January, 1892, when seventy-five the ninety pupils the school passed creditable examinations, and government grant 6oo rupees was allowed. Pohl left the Mission March 2, 1892, bound for Germany, furlough. had raised the standard the Rajahmundry school from the grade Primary that Lower Secondary school. the last Sunday spent Rajahmundry, February 28th, consecrated seven graduates the school for work teachers in the Mission. farewell token esteem the teachers the Seminary gave him watch charm the form gold

CTOSS.

"On Monday left the house, " wrote Pohl, "where had experienced many hours good fortune and peace- hours filled with consolation times need and with joy the pursuit duties. Tuesday afternoon went aboard the 'Dove Peace' which, ten years ago, when first came India, carried good part the way our destination. The whole congregation and school assembled Riverdale. Brother Kuder spoke few farewell words English, the people sang 'Jesus still lead on, " Pastor Paulus offered prayer and pronounced the benediction. last warm hand- shake, last kiss, and the bond our common labor was severed. Many waded into the water short distance after the boat shake our hands again. long could see the mission compound the people stood the river-bank wav- ing adieu. The setting sun plated the town with golden glow. Oh, how beautiful will that city golden streets, in which there will more farewells! " How much the service Pohl was appreciated may learned from the following letter, dated January 19, 1892: "The Board Foreign Missions the General Council the Rev. E. Pohl, Greeting: "Reverend and Dear Brother: Your active connection with our Mission Rajahmundry, that has been accom- panied such happy results, being now terminated our

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sincere regret, take occasion express you our estimate of your work and our sense what owe you for the good and valuable service you have been enabled render. The confidence with which were led trust you from the beginning has been fully justified; and the satisfaction have felt your mode working and its results con- tinued increase the end. You have co-operated with your colleagues the spirit intelligent enterprise, Chris- tian harmony and brotherly love. Your care the schools has been wise, unwearied, devoted and successful; and fondly cherish the hope that the results your faithful administration the schools will, the divine favor, prove to blessing for many years. "We thank you with our whole heart and commend you to the favor Him whose are and whom serve, trusting that wherever your lot may cast, every blessing may rest upon you and upon all your work faith and labor love. " The Rev. and Mrs. C. F. Kuder moved into the old mission house after the Pohls had vacated it, Kuder taking charge of the school and Mrs. Kuder succeeding Mrs. Pohl the supervisor the sewing-class. When Kuder assumed charge the Seminary March 1, 1892, there were 10 teachers and 150 pupils whom 50 were day pupils and 26 boarding girls, the rest being boarding boys. That was the largest number pupils the school to that time. For young man just arrived India and un- familiar with the vernacular, the supervision the Seminary was anything but light task. number changes the staff teachers was unavoidable. M. Devadas was em- ployed the place J. John who had become Edman's catechist Samulkot; R. Charles took V. Jacob's place, who resigned; C. James, the headmaster, M. William and Gopalam were retained. In description the Seminary written few weeks after taking charge, Kuder wrote: 'The school under the rules 1 the Breklum Missionary Society the Board Foreign Missions addressed a communication expressing its deep gratitude for the loan the Rev. E. Pohl whose work had been satisfactory merit its praise.

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of the educational department the Madras Presidency. This body annually issues carefully prepared curricula to which all schools receiving aid from government must conform. The curriculum for our class schools thor- oughly suited the work done, and receive yearly a grant several hundreds rupees. The Department divides schools into Lower Primary, Upper Primary, Lower Secondary and Upper Secondary. The Seminary embraces the first three these divisions, the highest class being the seventh standard, called also the third form. For this class or standard the curriculum demands knowledge arith- metic through present worth and discount, thorough familiarity with Telugu and ability write well. Under optional branches study are general knowledge the geography the world with special attention Asia and India, English and English history, the four simple rules Algebra, about fifty propositions elementary geometry, simple physics, and acquaintance with English grammar, reading and writing. The boys who pass out these stand- ards are fairly well equipped teach. They are well edu- cated comparison with the masses whom they are teach; and our school, hoped, will constantly improve, that still better men may sent out. The immense progress made since Mr. Groenning's coming and especially during Mr. Pohl's time, may judged from the fact that now have boys twelve years more than twice far advanced than men twenty were then. This due part better schools in the villages. are now beginning insist having only young boys the school, who have passed the second, if not the third, standard the village schools. " Speaking the boarding department, Kuder said: "The greatest obstacle thorough work the uncomfortable and insufficient accommodations have for our boys. There are three boarding houses, one for girls and two for boys. The one for girls has two stories, which the lower used dining-room for the boys and the upper for the girls' sleeping room. the six rooms for our boarders only one has table, and chairs are not found all. all the rooms but one

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the only furniture small kerosene-oil lamp and number little boxes which the children keep their clothes and books. There are beds. Nearly all the boys sleep the floor, often dust half inch thick, lying down the panchis and coats which they wear during the day and expect to wear the next day. " At the close the fiscal year, June 30, 1892, the missionaries reported 4 stations, 149 out-stations villages, 93 native Christian workers, 2 church buildings, 97 adults baptized from January 1 June 30, 1892, 118 children and infants baptized during the same period, 3388 Christians whom 1205 were communicants, 84 schools, 1465 pupils school, 4 married ordained foreign missionaries and 2 woman mis- sionaries. The estimates for the first half the year 1892 called for Rs. 7100; for the second half, Rs. 8100. During the year 1892 S. Abraham, the evangelist supported by the Rampa Fund, brought quite number inquirers from the Rampa district Rajahmundry examined, and Schmidt baptized twenty-four them, three from the village of Rampa and the rest from the Yellavaram Division. Edman also baptized number from the region around Addatigula. Concerning the future the Seminary Schmidt wrote 1892: "It will and must develop into Theological Seminary and ought have proper buildings and endowment. bought land for its endowment many years ago and ready present our Seminary with this lot about thirty acres soon our Conference and the Home Board are pre- pared for operations this direction and decide accept my offer. "'? Schmidt was still deeply interested his industrial mission work. "When left for India the second time, " wrote, 1 The estimates for the several districts and departments were follows: First half: Velpur, Rajahmundry, Dowlaishwaram and Jegurupad districts, Dr. Schmidt, Rs. 4000; Tallapudi district, Rev. McCready, Rs. 600; Samulkot district, Dr. Edman, Rs. goo; The Seminary, Rev. Kuder, Rs. 1600. 2 The Board its meeting February 27, 1803, instructed its corresponding secretary write Dr. Schmidt and say that had heard with pleasure his proposal gift thirty acres land our Mission India, and that when the time had come for more definite action, the Board would gladly take such action. This land now the site the Boy's Central School.

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"I expressed wish and aim during second term service see independent native congregation established. The last part second term ebbing away, and still the steadily growing native church makes visible effort toward self-support. industrial training some have become useful artisans, but they show little pride their church and hesi- tate sacrifice portion their income for its support. the Mission the industrial work has brought profit, not even the lime-kiln. land endowments and investments in land have come far that one two native pastors can supported local funds. had two candidates for the ministry would able pay them each salary of Rs. 25 30 month from the income landed property and investments. " In 1892 Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pa. , conferred the degree doctor divinity upon the Rev. H. C. Schmidt, recognition his long and successful labor our missionary in India. A decided forward step was taken the Board Foreign Missions when, November, 1891, called the Rev. J. Telleen, member the Swedish Augustana Synod, then located Lindsborg, Kan. , "Missionary Superintend- ent" visit synods, conferences, congregations, missionary societies and individuals, deliver addresses foreign mis- sions and endeavor increase the interest the Church the work the Board. was instructed take col- lections for the foreign missions the General Council, solicit contributions from individuals, pay over all moneys received the treasurer the Board least once a month, and report monthly the Board about his work. entered upon the duties this office March 1, 1892. In 1892 the Rev. Prof. A. Spaeth, D. D. , resigned Presi- dent the Board Foreign Missions, having served that position for sixteen years. The Rev. Prof. C. W. Schaeffer, D. D. , was elected his successor. ! tIn the place the Rev. P. J. O. Cornell, resigned, the Rev. C. Elofson, Ph. D. , was chosen member the Board 1892. 19

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McCready was given leave absence from the Mission in 1893. had cabled the Board May, 1892, and afterward written explain that desired study the manufacture tiles various parts India with the view establishing factory Tallapudi, where Christians could secure work. granting the desired permission the Board said that "under the circumstances, Mr. McCready's con- science assures him that such course right, justi- fied so, which event will expected report the Board every three months his whereabouts and work, and return his position the Mission the end the year, and that this leave absence without pay. " McCready accepted the conditions, leaving Tallapudi Feb- ruary, 1893. After his return established small private tile-works Tallapudi. During his absence Kuder and Edman looked after the mission work the Tallapudi district. Dr. Schmidt spent the month February tour the Velpur-Bhimawaram district, visiting more than thirty-four villages which Christians and inquirers resided. ! April he toured the Jegurupad district and then went Rampa, where had not been for twenty years. "A prayer meeting was held Peter's house, who was baptized Rajahmundry last Christmas with his two children. Several expressed the wish become Christians, among them young man who had been our mission school which was kept there for some time about twenty years ago. Peter had also attended this school at Rampa. was wonderful thing that the seed sown so long ago had not been sowed vain but had borne fruit after many years, " wrote Mrs. Schmidt. The evangelist Abraham gathered number Christians from the district at Chodawaram, where service was held, "very likely the first ever held that place. " Gokaram, Gonegudem and 1 The villages mentioned are: Mahadevipatnam, Annawaram, Kovvada, Narasimhapalam, Gollalakoderu, Undi, Agraharam, Kolamur, Cheraigudem, Garrakaparru, Chilukur, Sagapadu, Aredu, Gutlapad, Annakoderu, Seesali, Kamarada, Bhimawaram, Ennamaduru, Dirusumarru, Peddamiram, Chinna- miram, Jakkaram, Bondada, Kopella, Ballasamudi, Gunapudi, Komadavelli, Vissakoderu, Srungavruksham, Konitallapalli, Taderu, Korapad.

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other villages were visited and the Gospel preached the villagers. Edman revisited Addatigula March, 1893, and preached there and the surrounding villages, where there were about fifty baptized Christians. Among those whom interested was rajah. "I have visited him twice, " wrote Edman, "and preached his house. called all his servants for the services and they listened attentively. gave piece land which build schoolhouse and another Addatigula used cemetery. have two boys from the hills the school Rajahmundry. " this tour Ed- man baptized twelve persons. The growth the Mission! led the Mission Council its meeting July, 1893, pass the following resolution: '"Re- solved, That suggest the Board that two stations opened, one Pittapur, nine miles northeast Samulkot, the other Tadepalligudem, railway station half-way between Rajahmundry and Ellore. " Pittapur was never occupied, but Tadepalligudem became regular station several years later. In August, 1893, Dr. Schmidt went Bellary attend meeting the Telugu Bible Revision Committee and arrange for the shipment the India boxes sent from America, which were held Madras for the customs duty. Among other things sent the boxes that year was solid silver communion set for the church the Transfiguration, about to built Bhimawaram, donated Mrs. Hunter New York. Edman, who had studied medicine America and secured a physician's certificate, found abundant opportunity use his medical knowledge and skill. claimed, moreover, that the government hospitals with their high caste native dressers were little benefit low caste people, and urged the establishment Mission Hospital. Three additions were made the force ordained mis- ! The total number baptized the missionaries during the year 1893 was 1224; confirmed, 42. There were 3757 Christians and 1441 communicants reported. The number pupils all schools was 1704.

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sionaries 1893; and, moreover, the Board Foreign Mis- sions succeeded securing the continued service the Rev. E. Pohl after the expiration his furlough Germany. The Schleswig-Holstein Society agreed transfer him our Board with the understanding that case emergency

REAL

he was recalled serve the Society's field India. Paul Baehnisch was called the Board Foreign Mis- sions enter its service foreign missionary while was a senior the Theological Seminary Mt. Airy, Philadel- phia. was ordained the New York Ministerium 1893. was commissioned July 23, 1893, St. James' German Lutheran Church, Philadelphia. Three days later he sailed for Germany, where married, his wife accompany- ing him India. They reached Rajahmundry December 15, 1893. Rudolph Arps, son Hans Adolph Arps, and his wife, Matilda Jeanette, née D'Aubert, was born Neuminster, Holstein, Germany, March 20, 1869. was about graduated from the Mission Institute the Schleswig-Hol- stein Society Breklum, when, October, 1892, received and accepted the call the Board Foreign Missions the General Council. Shortly after his graduation married Anna, daughter the Rev. Edward Reuss. came the United States the company the Rev. E. Pohl, arriving in New York September 6, 1893. was ordained the officers the Ministerium Pennsylvania St. John's German Lutheran Church, Philadelphia, Sunday, Sep- tember 24th, the Rev. E. Pohl preaching the ordination sermon. was commissioned, together with the Rev. H. E. Isaacson, St. Luke's English Lutheran Church, Philadelphia, October 2d, and sailed from America two days later. Hans Eric Isaacson, son Isaac Eden, and his wife, Johanna, née Lundgren, was born Odalslinden, Sweden, April 27, 1862. attended Hermosamd College, Surden, Sweden, and then came the United States. studied theology Augustana Theological Seminary, Rock Island,

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Illinois. married Olivia, daughter Alfred and Annetta Lundgren, who was born Youngly, Sweden. After his ordination the Swedish Augustana Synod served con- gregation Port Allegheny, Pa. was called April, 1893, the Board Foreign Missions India, and accepted the call. was commissioned the same time and place the Rev. R. Arps. During their sojourn America Pohl and Arps visited number conferences and congregations and presented the cause our India Mission. They sailed from New York in the company the Rev. and Mrs. Isaacson, Octo- ber 4, 1893. Europe the missionaries separated meet again Genoa, where they took ship for Colombo. Pohl took his two younger daughters India, but left his three elder sons Liegnitz, Germany, educated. Coconada was reached Christmas Day. Mr. and Mrs. Isaacson remained for some time Samulkot, while the rest went Ra- jahmundry, the Pohls going Riverdale bungalow the guests Dr. and Mrs. Schmidt, and the Arps finding tempo- rary shelter the Zenana Home. Urgent representations had been made the missionaries in 1892, asking the Board rule that new missionaries should be free during the first two years their residence India to study the language and customs the natives. was felt that vital mistake had been made assigning them work at once and thus burdening them with heavy responsibilities before they were familiar with Telugu the mission opera- tions. The Board accordingly ruled that new missionaries should devote one year or, possible, two years after arrival in India the study the vernacular. The Mission Council prescribed curriculum under native munshis (teachers) and appointed examining committee. After having passed examination the end the first year, the missionary was become the assistant some older missionary and con- tinue his study Telugu during the second year. the end the second year, after having passed second and final examination, was given independent charge some district department. was also decided that missionary

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should allowed vote the Mission Council after having passed his first examination. ! As result the progress and growth the Mission India and the sending out three ordained missionaries and their wives 1893, the cause foreign missions attracted more attention and aroused more interest the Church home. The treasurer the General Council, who was still the treasurer the Board Foreign Missions, reported receipts for the biennium, ending September 28, 1893, amount- ing $32,856.52, which was $7504.92 more than during the previous biennium, and total expenditure $30,844.30. While the 'Missionsbote" account showed balance $1023.81, turned into the General Fund, "The Foreign Mis- sionary' account had deficit $301.36, which was drawn from the General Fund the Board. With the September, 1893, issue "The Foreign Missionary" the Rev. Professor C. W. Schaeffer, D. D. , and the Rev. William Ashmead Schaeffer, his son, severed their relations with the paper the editor and associate editor, respectively; the Rev. E. E. Sibole, D. D. , was elected editor and the Rev. E. R. Cassaday, associate editor. ' In 1893 the General Council decided set apart the first Sunday Epiphany, each year, for the holding foreign mission services and the collection foreign mission offerings in every congregation and Sunday school. The introduction the report the Board Foreign Missions the convention the General Council 1893 ends follows: "In this connection must remarked that the missionary societies and leagues our congregations, 1 These regulations are still force, except that the missionary given vote only after having passed the final examination, and that the curriculum the Board Examiners the Protestant Missions South India has been adopted and that the examinations are conducted committee the South India Missionary Association. 2 Mr. , now Judge, William H. Staake, Philadelphia. 3 The General Council its meeting Ft. Wayne, Indiana, October s-10, 1893, elected the Rev. J. F. C. Fluck, the Rev. S. A. Ziegenfuss and the Rev. G. Nelsenius the places the Revs. M. C. Horine, A. Cordes and H. V. Hilprecht, Ph. D. The only layman retained the Board, apart from the treasurer, William H. Staake, Esquire, was Mr. J. Washington Miller, Mr. William Monroe having withdrawn some time during the biennium.

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many which are united general bodies and hold conven- tions, have been very great assistance the presentation of our work. They keep the cause constantly before all the members the churches they represent, they circulate our papers, they send out Christmas boxes, and some them- the leagues the Pittsburgh Synod and the women's societies of the First and Second Conferences the Pennsylvania Ministerium-contribute toward the salaries the two zenana sisters, the Misses Schade and Sadtler. "On every side seems possible discern widen- ing and increasing interest the work the Board. Word comes young men and young women, who are con- sidering the question preparing themselves for the service of the Lord the foreign field. New names appear our list contributors. The cause foreign missions more generally recognized entitled place among the works of the Church, claiming the attention all her faithful members. "