10:1When an Israelite king took office, he was not only crowned, he was anointed. The coronation was the politica! act of establishing the king as ruler; the anointing was the religious act of making the king God’s representative to the people. A king was always anointed by a priest or prophet. The special anointing oil was a mixture of olive oi!, myrrh, and other expensive spices. It was poured over the king’s head to symbolize the presence and power of the Holy Spirit of God in his life. This anointing ceremony was to remind the king of his great responsibility to lead his people by God’s wisdom and not his own.
Life Application Study Bible1 SamuelChapter 10
1 Samuel 10
New Living Translation · Life Application Study Bible · Original pages: 423, 424, 425, 426
A few verse numbers on this page were hard to read in the scan and are marked with a dotted underline — compare with the original page image if in doubt.
1At daybreak the next morning, Samuel called to Saul, “Get up! It’s time you were on your way.” So Saul got ready, and he and Samuel left the house together. 2” When they reached the edge of town, Samuel told Saul to send his servant on ahead. After the servant was gone, Samuel said, 6Stay here, for I have received a special message for you from God.”
Samuel Anoints Saul as King
71 Then Samuel took a flask of olive oil and poured it over Saul’s head. He kissed Saul and said, “I am doing this because the LORD has appointed you to be the ruler over Israel, his special possession.* 9When you leave me today, you will see two men beside Rachel’s tomb at Zelzah, on the border of Benjamin. They will tell you that the donkeys have been found and that your father has stopped worrying about them and is now worried about you. He is asking, 10Have you seen my son?” 3“When you get to the oak of Tabor, you will see three men coming toward you who are on their way to worship God at Bethel. One will be bringing three young goats, another will have three loaves of bread, and the third will be carrying a wineskin full of wine. ¢They will greet you and offer you two of the loaves, which you are to accept. 5“ When you arrive at Gibeah of God,* where the garrison of the Philistines is located, you will meet a band of prophets coming down from the place of worship. They will be playing a harp, a tambourine, a flute, and a lyre, and they will be prophesying. 6At that time the Spirit of the Lor will come powerfully upon you, and you will prophesy with them. You will be changed into a different person. 7After these signs take place, do what must be done, for God is with you. 8Then go down to Gilgal ahead of me. I will join you there to sacrifice burnt offerings and peace offerings. You must wait for seven days until I arrive and give you further instructions.”
Samuel's Signs Are Fulfilled
9As Saul turned and started to leave, God gave him a new heart, and all Samuel's signs were fulfilled that day. 1°When Saul and his servant arrived at Gibeah, they saw a group of prophets coming toward them. Then the Spirit of God came powerfully upon Saul, and he, too, began to prophesy. 11When those who knew Saul heard about it, they exclaimed, “What? Is even Saul a prophet? How did the son of Kish become a prophet?” 12And one of those standing there said, “Can anyone become a prophet, no matter who his father is?”* So that is the origin of the saying “Is even Saul a prophet?” 13When Saul had finished prophesying, he went up to the place of worship. 14“Where have you been?” Sauls uncle asked him and his servant. “We were looking for the donkeys,” Saul replied, “but we couldn't find them. So we went to Samuel to ask him where they were.” 15“Qh? And what did he say?” his uncle asked. 16“He told us that the donkeys had already been found,” Saul replied. But Saul didn’t tell his uncle what Samuel said about the kingdom.
Saul Is Acclaimed King
1717Later Samuel called all the people of Israel to meet before the LORD at Mizpah. 18And he said, “This is what the Lor, the God of Israel, has declared: I brought you from Egypt and rescued you from the Egyptians and from all of the nations that were oppressing you. 19But though I have rescued you from your misery and distress, you have rejected your God today and have said, ‘No, we want a king instead!’ Now, therefore, present yourselves before the LORD by tribes and clans.” 20So Samuel brought ail the tribes of Israel before the LORD, and the tribe of Benjamin was chosen by lot. 21Then he brought each family of the tribe of Benjamin before the LORD, and the family of the Matrites was chosen. And finally Saul son of Kish was chosen from among them. But when they looked for him, he had disappeared! 22So they asked the LORD, “Where is he?”, And the LORD replied, “He is hiding among the baggage.” 23So they found him and brought him out, and he stood head and shoulders above anyone else. 24Then Samuel said to all the people, “This is the man the LORD has chosen as your king. No one in all Israel is like him!” And all the people shouted, “Long live the king!” 25Then Samuel told the people what the rights and duties of a king were. He wrote them down on a scroll and placed it before the LORD. Then Samuel sent the people home again. 26when Saul returned to his home at Gibeah, a group of men whose hearts God had touched went with him. 27But there were some scoundrels who complained, “How can this man save us?” And they scorned him and refused to bring him gifts. But Saul ignored them. (Nahash, king of the Ammonites, had been grievously oppressing the people of Gad and Reuben who lived east of the Jordan River. He gouged out the right eye of each of the Israelites living there, and he didn’t allow anyone to come and rescue them. In fact, of all the Israelites east of the Jordan, there wasn’t a single one whose right eye Nahash had not gouged out. But there were 7,000 men who had escaped from the Ammonites, and they had settled in Jabesh-gilead.]* Saul Defeats the Ammonites.
Textual footnotes
- will rule over the LORD’s people and save them from their enemies around them, This will be the sign to you that the
- LORD has appointed you to be leader over his special possession,
- 10:1 Greek version reads over Israel, And you
- 10:5 Hebrew Gibeath-elohim.
- 10:12 Hebrew said, ‘Who is their father?”
- 10:27 This paragraph, which is not included in the Masoretic Text, is found in Dead Sea Scroil 4QSam@. 11:1 Asin
Life Application Notes 6 notes
10:6How could Saul be so filled with the Spirit and yet later commit such evil acts? Throughout the Old Testament, God's Spirit “came upon” a person temporarily so that God could use him or her for great acts. This happened frequently to Israel's judges when they were called by God to rescue the nation (Judges 3:8-10). This was not always a permanent, abiding influence, but sometimes a temporary manifestation of the Holy Spirit. Yet, at times in the Old Testament, the Spirit even came upon unbelievers to enable them to do unusual tasks (Numbers 24; 2 Chronicles 36:22, 23). The Holy Spirit gave the person power to do what God asked, but it did not always produce the other fruits of the Spirit, such as self-control. Saul, in his early years as king, was a different person (10:1-10) as a result of the Holy Spirit's work in him. But as Sauls power grew, so did his pride. After a while he refused to seek God; the Spirit left him (16:14), and his good attitude melted away.
10:10,11A prophet is someone who speaks God’s words. While God told many prophets to predict certain events, what God wanted most was for them to instruct and inspire people to live in faithfulness to God. When Saul’s friends heard inspired words coming from Saul, they exclaimed, “Is even Saul a prophet?” This was an expression of surprise at worldly Saul’s becoming religious. It is equivalent to “What? Has he got religion?”
10:19Israel's true king was God, but the nation demanded another. Imagine wanting a human being instead of God as guide and jeader! Throughout history, men and women have rejected God, and they continue to do it today. Are you rejecting God by pushing him aside and acknowledging someone or something else as your “king” or top priority? Learn from these stories of Israel's kings, and don’t push God aside.
10:20The Israelites chose their first king by casting lots—perhaps by using the Urim and Thummim, two plates or flat stones carried by the high priest. The fact that Saul was chosen may seem like luck, but it was really the opposite. God had instructed the Israelites to make the Urim and Thummim for the specific purpose of consulting him in times such as this (Exodus 28:30; Numbers 27:12-21). By using the Urim and Thummim, the Israel- answered to no one. By contrast, Israel's king had to answer to a higher authority—the LORD of heaven and earth. The Israelites now had a king like everyone else, just as they wanted. But Samuel, in his charge to both the king and the people, wanted to make sure that the rule of Israel’s king would be different from that of his pagan counterparts. “Placed it before the LonD” means that Samuel put the scroll, as a witness to the agreement, in a special place at Mizpah.
10:26,27Some men became Saul’s constant companions, while others despised him. Criticism will always be directed toward those who lead because they are out in front. At this time, Saul took no notice of those who seemed to be against him, although later he would become consumed with jealousy (19:1-3; 26:17-21). As you lead, tisten to constructive criticism, but don’t SAIL eGV—__—_——— spend valuable time and energy worrying about those who may oppose you. Instead, focus your attention on those who are ready and willing to help.
Charts, profiles & sidebars from the printed pages
Personality profile · page 425
First impressions can be deceiving, especially when the image created by a person’s appearance is contradicted by his or her qualities and abilities. Saul presented the idea! visual image of a king, but the tendencies of his character often went contrary to God’s commands for a king. Saul was God’s chosen leader, but this did not mean he was capable of being king on his own. During his reign, Saul had his greatest successes when he obeyed God. His greatest failures resulted from acting on his own. Saul had the raw materials to be a good leader— appearance, courage, and action. Even his weaknesses could have been used by God if Saul had recognized them and left them in God’s hands. His own choices cut him off from God and eventually alienated him from his own people. From Saul we learn that while our strengths and abilities make us useful, it is our weaknesses that make us usable. Our skills and talents make us tools, but our failures and shortcomings remind us that we need a Craftsman in control of our lives. Whatever we accomplish on our own is only a hint of what God could do through our lives. Does he control your life?
Strengths and accomplishments
• First God-appointed king of Israel
• Known for his personal courage and generosity © Stood tall, with a striking appearance
Weaknesses and mistakes
• His leadership abilities did not match the expectations created by his appearance
• Impulsive by nature, he tended to overstep his bounds
• Allowed jealousy to overcome him so that he tried to kill David
• He specifically disobeyed God on several occasions
• God wants obedience from the heart, not mere acts of religious ritual
• Obedience always involves sacrifice, but sacrifice is not always obedience © God wants to make use of our strengths and weaknesses
• Weaknesses should help us remember our need for God’s guidance and help
Lessons from his life
Vital statistics
• Where: The land of Benjamin © Occupation: King of Israel
• Relatives: Father: Kish. Wife: Ahinoam. Sons: Jonathan, Ishbosheth, Malkishua. Daughters: Merab, Michal
“But Samuel replied, ‘What is more pleasing to the LORD: your burnt offerings and sacrifices or your obedience to his voice? Listen! Obedience is better than sacrifice, and submission ts better than offering the fat of rams. Rebellion is as sinful as witchcraft, and stubbornness as bad as worshiping idols. So because you have rejected the command of the LORD, he has rejected you as king’” (1 Samuel 15:22, 23).
Key verses
His story is told in 1 Samuel 9—31. He is also mentioned in Acts 13:21.
ites were taking the decision out of their own hands and turning it Over to God. Only the high priest could use the Urim and Thummim, which were designed to give only yes or no answers. 10:22 When the israelites assembled to choose a king, Sau! already knew he was the one (10:1). Instead of coming forward, however, he hid among the baggage. Often we hide from important responsibilities because we are afraid of failure, afraid of what others will think, or perhaps unsure about how to proceed. Prepare now to step up to your future responsibilities. Count On God’s provision rather than your feelings of adequacy. 10:25 The kings of Israel, unlike kings of other nations, had Specific regulations outlined for them (Deuteronomy 17:14-20). Pagan kings were considered gods; they made their own laws and
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Study feature · page 426
SAUL DEFEATS THE AMMONITES The Ammonites prepared to attack Jabesh-gilead. The people of dabesh sent messengers to Saul in Gibeah asking for help. Saul mobilized an army at Bezek and then attacked the Ammonites. After the battle, the Israelites returned to Gilgal to crown Saul as king.
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