36:6Nebuchadnezzar was the son of the founder of the new Babylonian Empire. In 605 B.C., the year he became king, Nebuchadnezzar won the battle of Carchemish. That loss crushed Assyria (see the note on 35:20), (For more information about Nebuchadnezzar, read his Profile in Daniel 4, p. 1385.)
Life Application Study Bible2 ChroniclesChapter 36
2 Chronicles 36
New Living Translation · Life Application Study Bible · Original pages: 717, 718
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Jehoahaz Rules in Judah
13 Then the people of the land took Josiah’s son Jehoahaz and made him the next king in Jerusalem. 2Jehoahaz* was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem three months. 3Then he was deposed by the king of Egypt, who demanded that Judah pay 7,500 pounds of silver and 75 pounds of gold* as tribute.
Jehoiakim Rules in Judah
44The king of Egypt then installed Eliakim, the brother of Jehoahaz, as the next king of Judah and Jerusalem, and he changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. Then Neco took Jehoahaz to Egypt as a prisoner. 5Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. He did what was evil in the sight of the LORD his God. 6Then King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon came to Jerusalem and captured it, and he bound Jehoiakim in bronze chains and led him away to Babylon. 7Nebuchadnezzar also took some of the treasures from the Temple of the LORD, and he placed them in his palace* in Babylon. 8The rest of the events in Jehoiakim’s reign, including all the evil things he did and every- - thing found against him, are recorded in The Book of the Kings of Israel and Judah. Then his son Jehoiachin became the next king. Jehoiachin Rules in Judah I 9Jehoiachin was eighteen* years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalern three months and ten days. Jehoiachin did what was evil in the LORD’s sight. 10In the spring of the year* King Nebuchadnezzar took Jehoiachin to Babylon. Many treasures from the Temple of the LORD were also taken to Babylon at that time. And Nebuchadnezzar installed Jehoiachin’s uncle,* Zedekiah, as the next king in Judah and Jerusalem.
Zedekiah Rules in Judah
1111Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eleven years. ‘#He did what was evil in the sight of the LORD his God, and he refused to humble himself when the prophet Jeremiah spoke to him directly from the LORD. 13He also 36:13 rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, even though he had taken an oath of loyalty in God’s Fone 8 name. Zedekiah was a hard and stubborn man, refusing to turn to the LORD, the God of Israel. Ezek 17:15 144Likewise, all the leaders of the priests and the people became more and more unfaithful. They followed all the pagan practices of the surrounding nations, desecrating the Temple of the LORD that had been consecrated in Jerusalem. 36:15 13: 25:34 18The Lor, the God of their ancestors, repeatedly sent his prophets towarnthem,forhe ge. 14I, had compassion on his people and his Temple. ‘@But the people mocked these messengers 2 Ghr 30:10 of God and despised their words. They scoffed at the prophets until the LORD’s anger could pare oe a2 no longer be restrained and nothing could be done. Jer 5:12-13
The Fall of Jerusalem
1717So the Lor brought the king of Babylon against them. The Babylonians* killed Judah's 36:17-20 young men, even chasing after them into the Temple. They had no pity on the people, killing "2 Kgs 2511 both young men and young women, the old and the infirm. God handed all of them over to Nebuchadnezzar. 18The king took home to Babylon all the articles, large and small, used in 36:18 the Temple of God, and the treasures from both the LORD’s Temple and from the palace of 2 Chr 36:7, 10 the king and his officials.!?Then his army burned the T emple of God, tore down the walls of eos 25:9 Jerusalem, burned all the palaces, and completely destroyed everything of value.* 20The few Jer 52:13 who survived were taken as exiles to Babylon, and they became servants to the king and his aes 925-11 sons until the kingdom of Persia came to power. Jet 27:7 21So the message of the LORD spoken through Jeremiah was fulfilled. The Jand finallyen- 36:21 33.34 joyed its Sabbath rest, lying desolate until the seventy years were fulfilled, just as the Jer 29:10 prophet had said.
Cyrus Allows the Exiles to Return
2222In the first year of King Cyrus of Persia,* the LORD fulfilled the prophecy he had given through Jeremiah.* He stirred the heart of Cyrus to put this proclamation in writing and to send it throughout his kingdom: 23"This is what King Cyrus of Persia says: “The LORD, the God of heaven, has given me all the kingdoms of the earth. He has appointed me to build him a Temple at Jerusalem, which is in Judah. Any of you who are the LORD’s people may go there for this task. And may the LORD your God be with you!”
The kings were gone, the Temple was destroyed, and the peoplewere removed. The nation was stripped to its very foundation. Butfortunately there was a greater foundation—God himself. Wheneverything in life seems stripped away from us, we, too, still haveGod—his Word, his presence, and his promises.
Textual footnotes
- silver and 1 talent {34 kitograms] of gold.
- manuscripts, and Syriac version (see also 2 Kgs 24:8); most Hebrew manuscripts read eight.
- turn of the year. The first day of this year in the ancient Hebrew lunar calendar was April 13, 597 B.c.
- parallel text at 2 Kgs 24:17; Hebrew reads brother, or relative.
- Cyrus's reign over Babylon was 538 B.C.
- 36:2 Hebrew Joahaz, a variant spelling of Jehoahaz; also in 36:4.
- 36:3 Hebrew 100 talents {3,400 kilograms] of
- 36:7 Or temple.
- 36:9 As in one Hebrew manuscript, some Greek
- 36:10a Hebrew At the
- 36:10b As in
- 36:17 Or Chaldeans.
- 36:19 Or destroyed all the valuable articles from the Temple.
- 36:22a The first year of
- 36:22b See Jer 25:1 1-12; 29:10.
Life Application Notes 7 notes
44:7Judah had peace with all her neighbors. Times of peace are not just for resting. They allow us to prepare for times of trouble. King Asa recognized the period of peace as the right time to build his defenses—the moment of attack would be too late. It is also difficult to withstand spiritual attack unless defenses are prepared beforehand. Decisions about how to face temptation must be Made with coo! heads long before we feel the heat of temptation. Build your defenses now before temptation strikes.
36:9,10In 2 Kings 24:8, Jehoiachin is listed as 18 years old. Many Hebrew manuscripts list him as 8 years old. The age given in 2 Kings 24:8 is most likely accurate because he had wives at that time (see 2 Kings 24:15).
36:16God warned Judah about its sin and continually restored the people to his favor, only to have them turn away. Eventually the situation was beyond remedy. Beware of harboring sin in your heart. The day will come when remedy is no longer possible and God’s judgment replaces his mercy. Sin often repeated, but never repented of, invites disaster.
36:21Leviticus 26:27-45 strikingly predicts the captivity, telling how God’s people would be torn from their land for disobeying him. One of the laws they had ignored stated that one year in every seven the land should lie fallow, resting from producing crops (Exodus 23:10, 11). The 70-year captivity allowed the land to rest, making up for all the years the Israelites had not observed this law. We know that God keeps all his promises—not only his promises of blessing, but also his promises of judgment.
36:22,23Cyrus made this proclamation 48 years after the Temple was destroyed (36:18, 19), in the year after he conquered Babylon. The book of Ezra tells the story of this proclamation and the return of the exiles to Judah.
36:22,23Second Chronicles focuses on the proper and improper worship of God as symbolized by the Jerusalem Temple. David planned the Temple; Solomon built it and then put on the greatest dedication service the world has ever seen. Worship in the Temple was superbly organized. But several evil kings defiled the Temple and degraded worship so that the people revered idols more highly than God. Finally, King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon destroyed the Temple (36:19).
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EXILE TO BABYLON Despite Judah’s few good kings and timely reforms, the people never truly changed. Their evil continued, and finally God used the Babylonian Empire, under Nebuchadnezzar, to conquer Judah, destroy Jerusalem, and take the people captive to Babyion.
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