Ezra

Read Ezra in the New Living Translation with Life Application notes, cross-references, profiles and charts.

Chapters

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Introduction to Ezra from the Life Application Study Bible

Book introductions contain charts, maps and timelines that are best seen on the scanned pages: p. 719, p. 720.

page 719

Jerusalem destroyed; exiles go to Babylon 586 B.C.

Babylon overthrown by Cyrus 539

Exiles return to Jerusalem 538

Temple work begins 536

Temple work halted 530:

Temple work resumed/ messages of Haggai, Zechariah 520

Temple completed 515

Ezra comes to Jerusalem 458

Nehemiah comes to Jerusalem 445

‘NAME the truly great men and women of your

lifetime. Celebrities, including politicians, war

heroes, sports figures, and maybe your par-

ents and special friends come to mind. You

remember them because of certain acts or

character qualities. Now, name some biblical

heroes—figures etched in your mind through

countless sermons and church school les-

sons. This list undoubtedly includes many

who served God faithfully and courageously. Does your list include Ezra? Far from being wel! known, this unheralded man of God deserves to be mentioned in any discussion of greatness.

Ezra was a priest, a scribe, and a great leader. His name means “help,” and his whole life was dedicated to serving God and God's people. Tradition says that Ezra wrote most of 1 and 2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, and Psalm 119 and that he led the council of 120 men who compiled the Old Testament canon. The narrative of the book of Ezra is centered on God and his promise that the Jews would return to their land, as prophesied by Jeremiah (see the third note on 1:1). This message formed the core of Ezra’s life. The last half of the book gives a very personal glimpse of Ezra. His knowledge of Scripture and his God-given wisdom were so obvious to the king that he appointed Ezra to lead the second emigration to Jerusalem, to teach the people God’s Word, and to administer national life (7:14-26). Ezra not only knew God’s Word, he believed and obeyed it. Upon learning of the Israelites’ sins of intermarriage and idolatry, Ezra fell in humility before God and prayed for the nation (9:1-15). Their disobedience touched him deeply (10:1). His response helped lead the people back to God. Second Chronicles ends with Cyrus, king of Persia, asking for volunteers to return to Jerusalem to build a house for God. Ezra continues this account (1:1—3 is almost identical to 2 Chronicles 36:22, 23) as two caravans of God’s people were returning to Jerusalem. Zerubbabel, the leader of the first trip, was joined by 42,360 pilgrims who journeyed homeward (chapter 2). After arriving, they began to build the altar and the Temple foundations (chapter 3). But opposition arose from the local inhabitants, and a campaign of accusations and rumors temporarily halted the project (chapter 4). During this time, the prophets Haggai and Zechariah encouraged the people (chapter 5). Finally, Darius decreed that the work should proceed unhindered (chapter 6). After a 58-year gap, Ezra led a group of Jews from Persia. Armed with decrees and authority from Artaxerxes |, Ezra’s task was to administer the affairs of the land (chapters 7—8). Upon arriving, he learned of intermarriage between God's people and their pagan neighbors. He wept and prayed for the nation (chapter 9). Ezra’s example of humble confession led to national revival (chapter 10). Ezra, a man of God and a true hero, was a model! for Israel, and he is a fitting model for us. Read Ezra, the book, and remember Ezra, the man—a humble, obedient helper. Commit yourself to serving God as he did, with your whole life.

VITAL STATISTICS PURPOSE: To show God’s faithfulness and the way he kept his promise to restore his people to their land AUTHOR: Not stated, but probably Ezra ORIGINAL AUDIENCE: The exiles who returned from captivity DATE WRITTEN: Around 450 B.C., recording events from about 538-450 B.C. (omitting 516-458 B.C.): possibly begun earlier in Babylon and finished in Jerusalem SETTING: Ezra follows 2 Chronicles as a history of the Jewish people, recording their return to the land after the Captivity. KEY VERSES: “The Passover meal was eaten by the people of Israel who had returned from exile and by the others in the land who had turned from their immoral customs to worship the LORD, the God of Israel. Then they celebrated the Festival of Unleavened Bread for seven days. There was great joy throughout the land because the LORD had caused the king of Assyria to be favorable to them, so that he helped them to rebuild the Temple of God, the God of Israel” (6:21, 22). KEY PEOPLE: Cyrus, Zerubbabei, Haggai, Zechariah, Darius |, Artaxerxes |, Ezra KEY PLACES: Babylon, Jerusalem SPECIAL FEATURES: Ezra and Nehemiah were one book in the Hebrew Bible, and, with Esther, they comprise the post- captivity historical books. The post-captivity prophetic books are Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi. Haggai-and Zechariah should be studied with Ezra because they prophesied during the period ot the reconstruction.

page 720

🖼 Map, chart or picture (see the original page image) — text in this graphic: 24u EZRA 1

THE BLUEPRINT A. THE RETURN LED BY ZERUBBABEL (11—6:22) 1. The first group of exiles returns to the land 2. The people rebuild the Temple B. THE RETURN LED BY EZRA (7:1—10:44) 4. The second group of exiles returns to the land 2. Ezra opposes intermarriage

Finally given the chance to return to their homeland, the people started to rebuild the Temple, only to be stopped by apposition from their enemies. God’s work in the world is not without opposition. We must not get discouraged and quit, as the returning people did at first, but continue on boldly in the face of difficulties, as they did later with encouragement from the prophets. Ezra returned to Jerusalem almost 80 years after Zerubbabel, only to discover that the people had married pagan or foreign spouses. This polluted the religious purity of the people and endangered the future of the nation. Believers today must be careful not to threaten their walk with God by taking on the practices of unbelievers.

MEGATHEMES THEME The Jews Return

Rededication

Opposition

God’s Word

Faith and Action

EXPLANATION By returning to the land of Israel from Babylon, the Jews showed their faith in God’s promise to restore them as a people. They returned not only to their homeland but also to the place where their forefathers had promised to follow God. In 536 B.C., Zerubbabel led the people in rebuild- ing the altar and laying the Temple foundation. They reinstated daily sacrifices and annual festi- vals, and rededicated themselves to a new spiritual worship of God. Opposition came soon after the altar was built and the Temple foundation laid. Enemies of the Jews used deceit to hinder the building for over six years. Finally, there was a decree to stop the build- ing altogether. This opposition severely tested their wavering faith. When the people returned to the land, they were also returning to the influence of God’s Word. The prophets Haggai and Zechariah helped encourage them, while Ezra’s preaching of Scripture built them up. God’s Word gave them what they needed to do God’s work. The urging of Israel’s leaders motivated the people to complete the Temple. Over the years they had intermarried with idol worshipers and adopted their pagan practices. Their faith, tested and revived, also led them to remove these sins from their lives.

IMPORTANCE God shows his mercy to every generation. He compassionately restores his people. No matter how difficult our present “captivity,” we are never far from his love and mercy. He restores us when we return to him. In rededicating the altar, the people were recom- mitting themselves to God and his service. To grow spiritually, our commitment must be reviewed and renewed often. As we rededicate ourselves to God, our lives become altars to him. There will always be adversaries who oppose God's work. The life of faith is never easy. But God can overrule all opposition to his service. When we face opposition, we must not falter or withdraw, but keep active and patient. We also need the encouragement and direction of God’s Word, We must make it the basis for our faith and actions to finish God’s work and fulfill our obligations. We must never waver in our commitment to hear and obey his Word. Faith led them to complete the Temple and to remove sin from their society. As we trust God with our hearts and minds, we must also act by completing our daily responsibilities. It is not enough to say we believe; we must make the changes God requires.

🖼 Map, chart or picture (see the original page image) — text in this graphic: NN

A. THE RETURN LED BY ZERUBBABEL (1:1—6:22) After 70 years in exile, the captives from Judah were allowed to return to their homeland. Nearly 50,000 people made this journey. Upon arrival they began to rebuild the Temple, but became discouraged by opposition. After encouragement from Haggai and Zechariah, they returned to the task and completed the Temple. The message of the prophets stil speaks to us today, encouraging us to continue building up God’s church. 1. The first group of exiles returns to the land Cyrus Allows the Exiles to Return

In the first year of King Cyrus of Persia,* the LORD fulfilled the prophecy he had given 1:1-3

through Jeremiah.* He stirred the heart of Cyrus to put this proclamation in writing and no 36:22-25 to send it throughout his kingdom: Jer 25:11-12; 4:1a The first year of Cyrus's reign over Babylon was 538 8.c. 1:1b See Jer 25:11-12; 29:10. 29;10-14 ee

1:1 The book of Ezra opens in 538 B.C., 48 years after Nebuchadnezzar destroyed Jerusalem, defeated the southern

kingdom of Judah, and carried the Jews away to Babylon as captives (2 Kings 25; 2 Chronicles 36). Nebuchadnezzar died

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