21:2-5Matthew mentions a donkey and a colt, while the other Gospels mention only the colt. This was the same event, but Matthew focuses on the prophecy in Zechariah 9:9, where a donkey and a colt are mentioned. He shows how Jesus’ actions fulfilled the prophet’s words, thus giving another indication that Jesus was indeed the Messiah. When Jesus entered Jerusalem ona donkey's colt, he affirmed his messianic royalty as well as his humility. On the practical side, what better way to lead an unbroken colt for its first ride down a crowded road than to have its mother with it?
Life Application Study BibleMatthewChapter 21
Matthew 21
New Living Translation · Life Application Study Bible · Original pages: 1586, 1587, 1588
A few verse numbers on this page were hard to read in the scan and are marked with a dotted underline — compare with the original page image if in doubt.
1As Jesus and the disciples approached Jerusalem, they came to the town of Bethphage on the Mount of Olives. Jesus sent two of them on ahead. 2“Go into the village over there,” he said. “As soon as you enter it, you will see a donkey tied there, with its colt beside it, Untie them and bring them to me. 3If anyone asks what you are doing, just say, ‘The LORD needs them,’ and he will immediately let you take them.” 4This took place to fulfill the prophecy that said,
5“Tell the people of Israel,*‘Look, your King is coming to you.He is humble, riding on a donkey—riding on a donkey’s colt.’”"*
6The two disciples did as Jesus commanded.
7They brought the donkey and the colt tohim and threw their garments over the colt, and he sat on it.*
8Most of the crowd spread their garments on the road ahead of him, and others cutbranches from the trees and spread them on the road.
9Jesus was in the center of the pro-cession, and the people all around him were shouting,“Praise God* for the Son of David!Blessings on the one who comes in the name of the LORD!Praise God in highest heaven!”*
10The entire city of Jerusalem was in an uproar as he entered.
11Whois this?” they asked.1tAnd the crowds replied, “It’s Jesus, the prophet from Nazareth in Galilee.”Jesus Clears the Temple Again (184/Mark 11:12-19; Luke 19:45-48)
12Jesus entered the Temple and began to drive out all the people buying and selling animals for sacrifice. He knocked over the tables of the money changers and the chairs of those selling doves. 13He said to them, “The Scriptures declare, ‘My Temple will be called a house of prayer, but you have turned it into a den of thieves!”* 14The blind and the lame came to him in the Temple, and he healed them. The leading priests and the teachers of religious law saw these wonderful miracles and heard even the children in the Temple shouting, “Praise God for the Son of David.” But the leaders were indignant. 16They asked Jesus, “Do you hear what these children are saying?” “Yes,” Jesus replied. “Haven't you ever read the Scriptures? For they say, ‘You have taught children and infants to give you praise.” 7 Then he returned to Bethany, where he stayed overnight. Jesus Says the Disciples Can Pray for Anything (188/Mark 11:20-26) 18In the morning, as Jesus was returning to Jerusalem, he was hungry, ‘and he noticed a fig tree beside the road. He went over to see if there were any figs, but there were only leaves. Then he said to it, “May you never bear fruit again!” And immediately the fig tree withered up. 20The disciples were amazed when they saw this and asked, “How did the fig tree wither so quickly?” 21Then Jesus told them, “I tell you the truth, if you have faith and don’t doubt, you can do things like this and much more. You can even say to this mountain, ‘May you be lifted up and thrown into the sea,’ and it will happen. *2You can pray for anything, and if you have faith, you will receive it.” Religious Leaders Challenge Jesus’ Authority (189/Mark 11:27-33; Luke 20:1-8) 23When Jesus returned to the Temple and began teaching, the leading priests and elders came up to him. They demanded, “By what authority are you doing all these things? Who gave you the right?” 24“T'll tell you by what authority I do these things if you answer one question,” Jesus replied. 25“Did John’s authority to baptize come from heaven, or was it merely human?” They talked it over among themselves. “If we say it was from heaven, he will ask us why we didn’t believe John. 26But if we say it was merely human, we'll be mobbed because the people believe John was a prophet.” 27So they finaily replied, “We don’t know.” And Jesus responded, “Then I won't tell you by what authority I do these things. Jesus Tells the Parable of the Two Sons (190) 28“But what do you think about this? A man with two sons told the older boy, ‘Son, go out and work in the vineyard today.’ 29The son answered, ‘No, I won't go,’ but later he changed his mind and went anyway. 30Then the father told the other son, ‘You go,’ and he said, ‘Yes, sir, I will’ But he didn’t go. 31“ Which of the two obeyed his father?” They replied, “The first.”* Then Jesus explained his meaning: “I tell you the truth, corrupt tax collectors and prostitutes will get into the Kingdom of God before you do. 32For John the Baptist came and showed you the right way to live, but you didn’t believe him, while tax collectors and prostitutes did. And even when you saw this happening, you refused to believe him and repent of your sins. Jesus Tells the Parable of the Evil Farmers (191/Mark 12:1-12; Luke 20:9-19) 33"Now listen to another story. A certain landowner planted a vineyard, built a wall around it, dug a pit for pressing out the grape juice, and built a lookout tower. Then he leased the vineyard to tenant farmers and moved to another country. *4At the time of the grape harvest, he sent his servants to collect his share of the crop. $5But the farmers grabbed his servants, beat one, killed one, and stoned another. 36So the landowner sent a larger group of his servants to collect for him, but the results were the same. 37“Finally, the owner sent his son, thinking, ‘Surely they will respect my son.’ 38“But when the tenant farmers saw his son coming, they said to one another, ‘Here comes the heir to this estate. Come on, let’s kill him and get the estate for ourselves!’ 39So they grabbed him, dragged him out of the vineyard, and murdered him. 40“When the owner of the vineyard returns,” Jesus asked, “what do you think he will do to those farmers?” 41The religious leaders replied, “He will put the wicked men to a horrible death and lease the vineyard to others who will give him his share of the crop after each harvest.”
42Then Jesus asked them, “Didn't you ever read this in the Scriptures?‘The stone that the builders rejectedhas now become the cornerstone.This is the LORD’s doing,and it is wonderful to see.’*
43I tell you, the Kingdom of God will be taken away from you and given to a nation that will produce the proper fruit. 44Anyone who stumbles over that stone will be broken to pieces, and it will crush anyone it falls on.*” 45When the leading priests and Pharisees heard this parable, they realized he was telling the story against them—they were the wicked farmers. 4They wanted to arrest him, but they were afraid of the crowds, who considered Jesus to be a prophet. Jesus Tells the Parable of the Wedding Dinner (192)
Textual footnotes
- 118:25-26; 148:1. 21:13 Isa 56:7; Jer 7:11.
- but does nothing, the second son says “No” but then repents and goes, and the answer to Jesus’ question is that
- the second son obeyed his father.
- 21:5a Greek Teil the daughter of Zion. Isa 62:11. 21:5b Zech 9:9.
- 21:7 Greek over them, and he sat on them.
- 21:9a Greek Hosanna, an exclamation of praise that literally means “save now”; also in 21:9b, 15. 21:9b Pss
- 21:16 Ps 8:2. 21:29-31 Other manuscripts read “The second.” In still other manuscripts the first son says “Yes”
- 21:42 Ps 118:22-23.
- 21:44 This verse is omitted in some early manuscripts. Compare Luke 20:18.
Life Application Notes 12 notes
21:8This verse is one of the few places where the Gospels record that Jesus’ glory is recognized on earth. Jesus boldly rode as the King of peace, and the crowd gladly joined him. But these same people would bow to political pressure and desert him in just a few days. Today we celebrate this event on Palm Sunday. That day should remind us to guard against superficial acclaim for Christ.
21:12This is the second time Jesus cleared the Temple (see John 2:13-17). Merchants and money changers set up their booths in the Court of the Gentiles in the Temple, crowding out the Gentiles who had come from all over the civilized world to worship God. The merchants sold sacrificial animals at high prices, taking advantage of those who had come long distances. The money changers exchanged all international currency for the special Temple coins—the only money the merchants would accept. They often deceived foreigners who didn’t know the exchange rates. Their commercialism in God’s house frustrated people’s attempts at worship. This, of course, greatly angered Jesus. Any practice that interferes with worshiping God should be stopped.
21:19Why did Jesus curse the fig tree? This was not a thoughtless, angry act but an acted-out parable. Jesus was showing his anger at religion without substance. Just as the fig tree looked good from a distance but was fruitless on close examination, so the Temple looked impressive at first glance, but its sacrifices and other activities were hollow because they were not done to worship God sincerely (see 21:43). If you only appear to have faith without putting it to work in your life, you are like the fig tree that withered and died because it bore no fruit. Genuine faith means bearing fruit for God’s Kingdom. For more information about the fig tree, see the note on Mark 11:13-26.
21:21Many have wondered about Jesus’ statement that if we have faith and don’t doubt, we can move mountains. Jesus, of course, was not suggesting that his followers use prayer as “magic” and perform capricious “mountain moving” acts. Instead, he was making a strong point about the disciples’ (and our) lack of faith. What kinds of mountains do you face? Have you talked to God about them? How strong is your faith?
21:22This verse is not a guarantee that we can get anything we want simply by asking Jesus and believing. God does not grant requests that would hurt us or others or that would violate his own nature or will. Jesus’ statement is not a blank check. To be fulfilled, our requests must be in harmony with the principles of God’s Kingdom. The stronger our betief, the more likely our prayers will be in line with God’s will, and then God will be happy to grant them.
21:23-27The Pharisees demanded to know where Jesus got his authority. If Jesus said his authority came from God, they would accuse him of blasphemy. If he said that he was acting on his own authority, the crowds would be convinced that the Pharisees had the greater authority. But Jesus answered them with a seemingly unrelated question that exposed their real motives. They didn't really want an answer to their question; they only wanted to trap him. Jesus showed that the Pharisees wanted the truth only if it supported their own views and causes.
21:25For more information on John the Baptist, see Matthew 3 and his Profile in John 1, p. 1749.
21:30The son who said he would obey and then didn't represented many of the people of Israel in Jesus’ day, particularly the religious leaders. They said they wanted to do God's will, but they constantly disobeyed. They were phony, just going through the motions. It is dangerous to pretend to obey God when our heart is far from him because God knows our true intentions. Our actions must match our words.
21:33The main elements in this parable are (1) the landowner—God, (2) the vineyard—lsrael, (3) the tenant farmers— the Jewish religious leaders, (4) the landowner’s servants—the prophets and priests who remained faithful to God and preached to Israel, (5) the son—Jesus (21:38), and (6) the other tenants— the Gentiles. Jesus was exposing the religious leaders’ murderous plot (21:45).
21:37In trying to reach us with his love, God finally sent his own Son. Jesus’ perfect life, his words of truth, and his sacrifice of love are meant to cause us to listen to him and to follow him as LORD. if we ignore God's gracious gift of his Son, we reject God himself.
21:42Jesus refers to himself as “the stone that the builders rejected.” Although Jesus was rejected by many of his people,
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Neer ee ———EEEEeEEEEE=IiIs~EX he will become the cornerstone of his new building, the church (see Acts 4:11; 1 Peter 2:7). 21:44 Jesus used this metaphor to show that one truth can affect people in different ways, depending on how they relate to it (see Isaiah 8:14, 15; 28:16; Daniel 2:34, 44, 45). Ideally they will build on it; many, however, will trip over it. And at the Last Judgment God’s enemies will be crushed by it. In the end, Christ, the “building block,” will become the “crushing stone.” He offers mercy and forgiveness now and promises judgment later. We should choose him now! 22:1-14 In this culture, two invitations were expected when banquets were given. The first asked the guests to attend; the second announced that all was ready. In this story the king invited his guests three times, and each time they rejected his invitation. God wants us to join him at his banquet, which will last for eternity. That’s why he sends us invitations again and again. Have you accepted his invitation?