23:3In the style of a prophet, David spoke of a righteous ruler. This will be fulfilled in Jesus Christ when he returns to rule in perfect justice and peace. For similar prophecies, see Isaiah 11:1-10; Jeremiah 23:5, 6; 33:15-18; Zechariah 9:9, 10. For the fulfillment of some of these prophecies, see Matthew 4:14-16; Luke 24:25-27, 44-49; Jahn 5:45-47; 8:28, 29.
Life Application Study Bible2 SamuelChapter 23
2 Samuel 23
New Living Translation · Life Application Study Bible · Original pages: 502, 503, 504
A few verse numbers on this page were hard to read in the scan and are marked with a dotted underline — compare with the original page image if in doubt.
David's Last Words
12 These are the last words of David:“David, the son of Jesse, speaks—David, the man who was raised up so high,David, the man anointed by the Gad of Jacob,David, the sweet psalmist of Israel.*
2“The Spirit of the LORD speaks through me; his words are upon my tongue.
3The God of Israel spoke.The Rock of Israel said to me:‘The one who rules righteously,who rules in the fear of God,4 is like the light of morning at sunrise,like a morning without clouds,like the gleaming of the sunon new grass after rain.’
5“Ts it not my family God has chosen?Yes, he has made an everlasting covenant with me.His agreement is arranged and guaranteed in every detail.He will ensure my safety and success.
6But the godless are like thorns to be thrown away,for they tear the hand that touches them.
7One must use iron tools to chop them down;they will be totally consumed by fire.”
David's Mightiest Warriors
88These are the names of David's mightiest warriors. The first was Jashobeam the Hacmonite,* who was leader of the Three*—the three mightiest warriors among David’s men. He once used his spear to kill 800 enemy warriors in a single battle.* 9Next in rank among the Three was Eleazar son of Dodai, a descendant of Ahoah. Once Eleazar and David stood together against the Philistines when the entire Israelite army had fled. 10He killed Philistines until his hand was too tired to lift his sword, and the LORD gave him a great victory that day. The rest of the army did not return until it was time to collect the plunder! Next in rank was Shammah son of Agee from Harar. One time the Philistines gathered at Lehi and attacked the Israelites in a field full of lentils. The Israelite army fled, 12but Sharamah* held his ground in the middle of the field and beat back the Philistines. So the LORD brought about a great victory. 13Once during the harvest, when David was at the cave of Adullam, the Philistine army was camped in the valley of Rephaim. The Three (who were among the Thirty—an elite group among David's fighting men) went down to meet him there. 14David was staying in the stronghold at the time, and a Philistine detachment had occupied the town of Bethlehem. ‘SDavid remarked longingly to his men, “Oh, how I would love some of that good water from the well by the gate in Bethlehem.” 16So the Three broke through the Philistine lines, drew some water from the well by the gate in Bethlehem, and brought it back to David. But he refused to drink it. Instead, he poured it out as an offering to the LORD. 17“ The LORD forbid that I should drink this!” he exclaimed. “This water is as precious as the blood of these men* who risked their lives to bring it to me.” So David did not drink it. These are examples of the exploits of the Three.
Davia's Thirty Mighty Men
1818Abishai son of Zeruiah, the brother of Joab, was the leader of the Thirty.* He once used his spear to kill 300 enemy warriors ina single battle. It was by such feats that he became as famousas the Three. ‘*Abishai was the most famous of the Thirty* and was their commander, though he was not one of the Three. 20There was also Benaiah son of Jehoiada, a valiant warrior* from Kabzeel. He did many heroic deeds, which included killing two champions* of Moab. Another time, on a snowy day, he chased a lion down into a pit and killed it. 21Once, armed only with a club, he killeda great Egyptian warrior who was armed with a spear. Benaiah wrenched the spear from the Egyptian’s hand and killed him with it. 22Deeds like these made Benaiah as famous as the Three mightiest warriors. 23He was more honored than the other members of the Thirty, though he was not one of the Three. And David made him captain of his bodyguard.
24Other members of the Thirty included:Asahel, Joab’s brother;Elhanan son of Dodo from Bethlehem;
25Shammah from Harod;Elika from Harod;
26Helez from Pelon*;Ira son of Ikkesh from Tekoa;
27Abiezer from Anathoth;Sibbecai* from Hushah;
28Zalmon from Ahoah;Maharai from Netophah;
29Heled* son of Baanah from Netophah;Ithai* son of Ribai from Gibeah (in the land of
30Benaiah from Pirathon;Hurai* from Nahale-gaash*;
31Abi-albon from Arabah;Azmaveth from Bahurim;
32Eliahba from Shaalbon;the sons of Jashen;
33Jonathan son of Shagee* from Harar;Ahiam son of Sharar from Harar;
34Eliphelet son of Ahasbai from Maacah;Eliam son of Ahithophel from Giloh;
35Hezro from Carmel;Paarai from Arba;
36Igal son of Nathan from Zobah;Bani from Gad;
37Zelek from Ammon;Naharai from Beeroth, Joab’s armor bearer;
38Ira from Jattir;Gareb from Jattir;
39Uriah the Hittite.There were thirty-seven in all.
Textual footnotes
- Scrolls (see also Ps 18:42); Masoretic Text reads / crushed and trampled them.
- Ps 18:45; Hebrew reads come girding themselves.
- favorite of the Strong One of Israel.
- and Latin versions (see also 1 Chr 11:11); the meaning of the Hebrew is uncertain. 23:8¢ As in some Greek
- manuscripts (see also 1 Chr 11:11); the meaning of the Hebrew is uncertain, though it might be rendered the Three.
- H was Adino the Eznite who killed 800 men at one time.
- of these men?
- 23:1 Or the favorite subject of the songs of Israel; or the
- 23:8a As in parallel text at 1 Chr 11:11; Hebrew reads Josheb-basshebeth the Tahkemonite.
- 23:8b As in Greek
- 23:12 Hebrew he.
- 23:17 Hebrew Shai! I drink the blood
Life Application Notes 3 notes
23:8-39These verses tell of some of the exploits that the Special corps of David's army carried out. There were two elite groups of men: “the Thirty” and “the Three” (23:18, 23; 1 Chronicies 11:11-25). To become a member of such a group aman had to show unparalleled courage in battle as well as wisdom in leadership. “The Three” was the most elite group. The list of “the Thirty” actually contains 37 names, but it Mentions some warriors known to be dead (Uriah, for example, in 23:39), Apparently, new members were appointed to replace those who had fallen in battle.
23:16David poured out the water as an offering to God because he was so moved by the sacrifice it represented. When Hebrews offered sacrifices, they never consumed the blood. It represented life, and they poured it out before God. David would not drink this water that represented the lives of his soldiers. Instead, he offered it to God. this desire to show itself. First Chronicles 21:1 says Satan incited David to do it. Hebrew writers do not always distinguish between Primary and secondary causes. So if God allowed Satan to tempt David, to them it is as if God did it.
Charts, profiles & sidebars from the printed pages
Study feature · page 504
een rere eee ee ———— 24:1 Did God cause David to sin? God does not cause people hearts by their actions. God presented the opportunity to David in to sin, but he does allow sinners to reveal the sinfulness of their order to deal with a disastrous national tendency, and he wanted
🗺 This feature includes a map, chart or picture — view the original page image.