1:1Joel was a prophet to the nation of Judah, also known as the southern kingdom. Although the 12 tribes of Israel had been united under David and Solomon, after Solomon's death, the kingdom had divided into two parts. Two of the tribes— Judah and Benjamin—stayed loyal to David's line and accepted Solomon’s son Rehoboam as king. They became the southern kingdom, also called Judah (after the larger tribe). The other ten tribes followed Jeroboam, set up a new kingdom with a new capital at Samaria, and called themselves Israel or the northern kingdom. The book does not mention when Joel lived, but many believe that he prophesied during the reign of King Joash (835- 796 B.C.). But the date of Joel’s book is not nearly so important as its timeless message: Sin brings God's judgment; yet with God’s justice there is also great mercy.
Life Application Study BibleJoelChapter 1
Joel 1
New Living Translation · Life Application Study Bible · Original pages: 1427, 1428, 1429
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1The locust plague was only a foretaste of the judgment to come in the day of theLORD. This is a timeless call to repentance with the promise of blessing. Just as thepeople faced the tragedy of their crops being destroyed, we, too, will face tragicjudgment if we live in sin. But God’s grace is available to us both now and in thatcoming day.IMPORTANCEGod is the one with whom we all must reckon—not nature, the economy, or a foreign invader.We can’t ignore or offend God forever. We mustpay attention to his message now, or we will facehis anger later.Forgiveness comes by turning from sin andturning toward God. It is not too late to receiveGod's forgiveness. God’s greatest desire is foryou to come to him.God is in control. Justice and restoration arein his hands. The Holy Spirit confirms God’slove for us just as he did for the first Christians(Acts 2). We must be faithful to God and placeour life under the guidance and power of hisHoly Spirit.
1. The day of the locusts
The LORD gave this message to Joel son of Pethuel.
Mourning over the Locust Plague
22 Hear this, you leaders of the people.Listen, all who live in the land.In all your history,has anything like this happened before?
3Tell your children about it in the years to come,and let your children tell their children.Pass the story down from generation to generation.
4After the cutting locusts finished eating the crops,the swarming locusts took what was left!After them came the hopping locusts,and then the stripping locusts,* too!
5Wake up, you drunkards, and weep!Wail, all you wine-drinkers!All the grapes are ruined,and all your sweet wine is gone.
6A vast army of locusts* has invaded my land,a terrible army too numerous to count.Its teeth are like lions’ teeth,its fangs like those of a lioness.
7It has destroyed my grapevinesand ruined my fig trees,stripping their bark and destroying it,leaving the branches white and bare.
8Weep like a bride dressed in black,mourning the death of her husband.
9For there is no grain or wineto offer at the Temple of the LORD.So the priests are in mourning.The ministers of the LORD are weeping.
10The fields are ruined,the land is stripped bare.The grain is destroyed,the grapes have shriveled,and the olive oil is gone.
11Despair, all you farmers!Wail, all you vine growers!Weep, because the wheat and barley—all the crops of the field—are ruined.
12The grapevines have dried up,and the fig trees have withered.The pomegranate trees, palm trees, and apple trees—all the fruit trees—have dried up.And the people’s joy has dried up with them.
13Dress yourselves in burlap and weep, you priests!Wail, you who serve before the altar!Come, spend the night in burlap,you ministers of my God.For there is no grain or wineto offer at the Temple of your God.
14Announce a time of fasting;call the people together for a solemn meeting.Bring the leadersand all the people of the landinto the Temple of the LORD your God,and cry out to him there.
15The day of the LORD is near,the day when destruction comes from the Almighty.How terrible that day will be!
16Our food disappears before our very eyes.No joyful celebrations are held in the house of our God.
17The seeds die in the parched ground,and the grain crops fail.The barns stand empty,and granaries are abandoned.
18How the animals moan with hunger!The herds of cattle wander about confused,because they have no pasture.The flocks of sheep and goats bleat in misery.
19LORD, help us!The fire has consumed the wilderness pastures,and flames have burned up all the trees.
20Even the wild animals cry out to youbecause the streams have dried up,and fire has consumed the wilderness pastures.Locusts Invade like an Army
21Sound the alarm in Jerusalem*!Raise the battle cry on my holy mountain!Let everyone tremble in fearbecause the day of the LORD is upon us.
Wicked Queen Athaliah seized power in a bloody coup butwas overthrown after a few years. Joash was crowned king,but he was only seven years old and in great need of spiritualguidance. Joash followed God in his early years but thenturned away from him.A plague of locusts had come to discipline the nation.Joel called the people to turn back to God before an evengreater judgment occurred.God judges all people for their sins, but he is mercifutto those who turn to him and offers them eternal salvation.Elisha (848-797 B.C.), Jonah (793-753 B.C.)Climate of the times.........Main message.Importance of messageContemporary prophetsalso foreshadows the fina/ day of the LORD. This final event ofhistory has two aspects to it: (1) the last judgment on all evi! andsin and (2) the final reward for faithful believers. Righteousnessand truth will prevail, but not before much suffering (Zechariah14:1-3). If you trust the LORD, looking toward this final day shouldgive you hope, because then all who are faithful will be unitedforever with God.1:15-19 Without God, destruction is sure. Those who have notpersonally accepted God's love and forgiveness will stand beforehim with no appeal. Be sure to avail yourself of God’s love andmercy while you have the opportunity (2:32).2:1ff Joel was sti!! describing the devastating effects of thelocust plague (see 2:25). The alarm showed that the crisis wasat hand. However, Joel implied that the locust plague would beonly the forerunner of an even greater crisis if the people didn'tturn from their sins.
Textual footnotes
- 1:4 The precise identification of the four kinds of locusts mentioned here is uncertain.
Life Application Notes 7 notes
1:3God urged parents to pass their history down to their chitdren, telling over and over the important lessons they learned. One of the greatest gifts you can give young people is your life's story to help them repeat your successes and avoid your mistakes.
1:4A locust plague can be as devastating as an invading army. Locusts gather in swarms too numerous to count (1:6) and fly several feet above the ground, seeming to darken the sun as they pass by (2:2). When they land, they devour almost every piece of vegetation (1:7-12), covering and entering everything in their path (2:9).
1:4Joel's detailed description has caused many to believe that he was referring to an actual locust plague that had come or was about to come upon the land. Another view is that the locusts symbolize an invading enemy army. In either case, the locusts represent devastation, and Joel's point was that God would punish the people because of their sin. Joel calls this judgment the “day of the LORD” (see the note on 1:15).
1:9Because of the devastation, there was no grain to make fine flour for the grain offerings and no wine for the drink offerings (see Leviticus 1 and 2 for a detailed explanation of these offerings).
1:14A fast was a period of time when no food was eaten and people approached God with humility, sorrow for sin, and urgent prayer. In the Old Testament, people often would fast during times of calamity in order to focus their attention on God and to demonstrate their change of heart and their true devotion (see, for example, Judges 20:26; 1 Kings 21:27; Ezra 8:21; Jonah 3:5). This solemn meeting was a public religious gathering, called so that everyone could repent and pray to God for mercy.
1:15The “day of the LORD” is a common phrase in the Old Testament and in the book of Joel (see 2:1, 11, 31; 3:14). It always refers to some extraordinary happening, whether a present event (like a locust plague), an event in the near future (like the destruction of Jerusalem or the defeat of enemy nations), or the final period of history when God will defeat all the forces of evil. Even when the day of the LORD refers to a present event, it
Charts, profiles & sidebars from the printed pages
Study feature · page 1427
Jehoash becomes king of Israel 798
Joel's ministry ends 796?
Jehoahaz becomes king of Israel 814
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MEGATHEMES THEME
Punishment
THE BLUEPRINT 1. The day of the locusts (1:1—2:27) 2. The day of the LORD (2:28—3:21)
EXPLANATION Like a destroying army of locusts, God’s punishment for sin is overwhelming, dreadful, and unavoidable. When it comes, there will be no food, no water, no protection, and no escape. The day for settling accounts with God for how we have lived is fast approaching. God stood ready to forgive and restore all those who would come to him and turn away from sin. God wanted to shower his people with his love and restore them to a proper relationship with him. Joel predicts the time when God will pour out his Holy Spirit on all people. It will be the beginning of new and fresh worship of God by those who believe in him, as well as the beginning of judgment on all who reject him.
Forgiveness
Promise of the Holy Spirit
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1:6 Hebrew A nation.
Study feature · page 1429
JOEL served as a prophet to Judah, possibly from 835- 796 B.C.