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Genesis 18

Life Application Study BibleGenesisChapter 18

Genesis 18

New Living Translation · Life Application Study Bible · Original pages: 32, 33, 34, 35

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18Genesis 18

4. Sodom and Gomorrah

A Son Is Promised to Sarah

118 The LORD appeared again to Abraham near the oak grove belonging to Mamre. One day Abraham was sitting at the entrance to his tent during the hottest part of the day. 2He looked up and noticed three men standing nearby. When he saw them, he ran to meet them and welcomed them, bowing low to the ground. 3“My lord,” he said, “if it pleases you, stop here for a while. 4Rest in the shade of this tree while water is brought to wash your feet. And since you've honored your servant with this visit, let me prepare some food to refresh you before you continue on your journey.” “All right,” they said. “Do as you have said.” 5So Abraham ran back to the tent and said to Sarah, 6Hurry! Get three large measures* of your best flour, knead it into dough, and bake some bread.” 7Then Abraham ran out to the herd and chose a tender calf and gave it to his servant, who quickly prepared it. 8When the food was ready, Abraham took some yogurt and milk and the roasted meat, and he served it to the men. As they ate, Abraham waited on them in the shade of the trees. 9Where is Sarah, your wife?” the visitors asked. “She’s inside the tent,” Abraham replied. 10Then one of them said, “I will return to you about this time next year, and your wife, Sarah, will have a son!” Sarah was listening to this conversation from the tent. 11Abraham and Sarah were both very old by this time, and Sarah was long past the age of having children. 12So she laughed silently to herself and said, “How could a worn-out woman like me enjoy such pleasure, especially when my master—my husband—is also so old?” 138Then the LORD said to Abraham, “Why did Sarah laugh? Why did she say, ‘Can an old

woman like me have a baby?’ 141s anything too hard for the LORD? I will return about thistime next year, and Sarah will have a son.”

15Sarah was afraid, so she denied it, saying, “I didn’t laugh.”But the LORD said, “No, you did laugh.”

Abraham Intercedes for Sodom

1616Then the men got up from their meal and looked out toward Sodom. As they left, Abraham went with them to send them on their way. 17“Should I hide my plan from Abraham?” the LORD asked. 18“For Abraham will certainly become a great and mighty nation, and all the nations of the earth will be blessed through him. 191 have singled him out so that he will direct his sons and their families to keep the way of the LORD by doing what is right and just. Then I will do for Abraham all that I have promised.” 20So the LORD told Abraham, “I have heard a great outcry from Sodom and Gomorrah, because their sin is so flagrant. 21I am going down to see if their actions are as wicked as I have heard. If not, I want to know.” 22The other men turned and headed toward Sodom, but the LORD remained with Abraham. 23Abraham approached him and said, “Will you sweep away both the righteous and the wicked? 24Suppose you find fifty righteous people living there in the city—will you still sweep it away and not spare it for their sakes? 25Surely you wouldn't do such a thing, destroying the righteous along with the wicked. Why, you would be treating the righteous and the wicked exactly the same! Surely you wouldn't do that! Should not the Judge of all the earth do what is right?” 26And the LORD replied, “If I find fifty righteous people in Sodom, I will spare the entire city for their sake.” 27Then Abraham spoke again. “Since I have begun, let me speak further to my LORD, even though I am but dust and ashes. 28Suppose there are only forty-five righteous people rather than fifty? Will you destroy the whole city for lack of five?” And the LORD said, “I will not destroy it if I find forty-five righteous people there.” 29Then Abraham pressed his request further. “Suppose there are only forty?” And the LORD replied, “I will not destroy it for the sake of the forty.” 30“Please don’t be angry, my LORD,” Abraham pleaded. “Let me speak—suppose only thirty righteous people are found?” And the LORD replied, “I will not destroy it if I find thirty.” 31Then Abraham said, “Since I have dared to speak to the LORD, let me continue—suppose there are only twenty?” And the LORD replied, “Then I will not destroy it for the sake of the twenty.” 32Finally, Abraham said, “LORD, please don’t be angry with me if I speak one more time. Suppose only ten are found there?” And the LORD replied, “Then I will not destroy it for the sake of the ten.” 33When the LORD had finished his conversation with Abraham, he went on his way, and Abraham returned to his tent.

Textual footnotes

  1. 18:6 Hebrew 3 seahs, about 15 quarts or 18 liters.

Life Application Notes 8 notes

18:2-5Abraham was eager to show hospitality to these three visitors, as was Lot (19:2). In Abraham's day, a person's reputation was largely connected to his hospitality—the sharing of home and food. Even strangers were to be treated as highly honored guests. Meeting another’s need for food or shelter was and still is one of the most immediate and practical ways to obey God. It is also a time-honored relationship builder. Hebrews 13:2 suggests that we, like Abraham, might actually entertain angels. This thought should be on our minds the next time we have the opportunity to meet a stranger's needs.

18:14“ls anything too hard for the LORD?” The obvious answer is, “Of course not!” This question reveals much about God. Make it a habit to insert your specific needs into the question. “Is this day in my life too hard for the LORD?” “Is this habit I’m trying to break too hard for him?” “1s the communication problem I'm having too hard for him?” Asking the question this way reminds you that God is personally involved in your life and nudges you to ask for his power to help you.

18:15Sarah lied because she was afraid of being discovered. Fear is the most common motive for lying. We are afraid that our inner thoughts and emotions will be exposed or our wrongdoings discovered. But lying causes greater complications than telling the truth and brings even more problems. You will be far better off telling the truth right from the start.

18:20-33Did Abraham change God’s mind? Of course not. The more likely answer is that God changed Abraham’s mind. Abraham knew that God is just and that he punishes sin, but he may have wondered about God’s mercy. Abraham seemed to be probing God’s mind to see how merciful he really was. He left his conversation with God convinced that God was both kind and fair. Our prayers won't change God’s mind, but they may change ours just as Abraham’s prayer changed his. Prayer helps us better understand the mind of God.

18:20-33Why did God let Abraham question his justice and intercede for a wicked city? Abraham knew that God must punish sin, but he also knew from experience that God is merciful to sinners. God knew there were not 10 innocent people in the city, but he was merciful! enough to allow Abraham to intercede. He was also merciful enough to help Lot, Abraham's nephew, get out of Sodom before it was destroyed. God does not take pleasure in destroying the wicked, but he must punish sin. He is both just and merciful. We should be thankful that God’s mercy extends to us.

18:21God gave the men of Sodom a fair test. He was not ignorant of the city’s wicked practices, but in his fairness and patience he gave the people of Sodom one last chance to repent. God is still waiting, giving people the opportunity to turn to him (2 Peter 3:9). Those who are wise will turn to him before his patience wears out.

18:25Was God being unfair to the people of Sodom? Did he really plan to destroy the innocent with the guilty? On the contrary, God’s fairness stood out. (1) He agreed to spare the entire city if only 10 innocent people lived there. (2) He showed great mercy toward Lot, apparently the only man in the city who had any kind of relationship with him (and even that was questionable). (3) He showed great patience toward Lot, almost forcing him to leave Sodom before it was destroyed. Remember God's patience when you are tempted to think he is unfair. Even the most godly people deserve his justice. We should be glad God doesn’t direct his justice toward us as he did toward Sodom.

18:33God showed Abraham that asking for anything is allowed, with the understanding that God’s answers come from God's perspective. They are not always in harmony with our expectations, for only he knows the whole story. Are you missing God’s answer to a prayer because you haven't considered any possible answers other than the one you expect?

Charts, profiles & sidebars from the printed pages

Personality profile · page 33

Profile: Abraham

We ail know that there are consequences to any action we take. What we do can set into motion a series of events that may continue long after we’re gone. Unfortunately, when we are making a decision, most of us think only of the immediate consequences. These are often misleading because they are short-lived. Abraham had a choice to make. His decision was between setting out with his family and belongings for parts unknown or staying right where he was. He had to decide between the security of what he already had and the uncertainty of traveling under God’s direction. All he had to go on was God's promise to guide and bless him. Abraham could hardly have been expected to visualize how much of the future was resting on his decision of whether to go or stay, but his obedience affected the history of the world. His decision to follow God set into motion the development of the nation that God would eventually use as his own when he visited earth himself. When Jesus Christ came to earth, God’s promise was fulfilled; through Abraham the entire world was blessed. You probably don’t know the long-term effects of most decisions you make. But shouldn't the fact that there will be long-term results cause you to think carefully and seek God’s guidance as you make choices and take action today?

Strengths and accomplishments

• His faith pleased God

• Became the founder of the Jewish nation

• Was respected by others and was courageous in defending his family at any cost

• Was not only a caring father to his own family, but practiced hospitality to others

• Was a successful and wealthy rancher

• Usually avoided conflicts, but when they were unavoidable, he allowed his opponent to set the rules for settling the dispute

Weakness and mistake

© Under direct pressure, he distorted the truth

© God desires dependence, trust, and faith in him—not faith in our ability to please him

• God’s plan from the beginning has been to make himself known to all people

Lessons from his life

• Where: Born in Ur of the Chaldeans; spent most of his life in the land of Canaan

• Occupation: Wealthy livestock owner

• Relatives: Brothers: Nahor and Haran. Father: Terah. Wife: Sarah. Nephew: Lot. Sons: Ishmael and Isaac

• Contemporaries: Abimelech, Melchizedek

Vital statistics

“And Abram believed the LORD, and the LORD counted him as righteous because of his faith” (Genesis 15:6).

Key verse

Abraham’s story is told in Genesis 11-25. He is also mentioned in Exodus 2:24; Matthew 1:1, 2; Luke 3:34; Acts 7:2-8; Romans 4; Galatians 3; Hebrews 2; 6-7; 11.

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Personality profile · page 35

Profile: Sarah

There probably isn’t anything harder to do than wait, whether we are expecting something good, something bad, or an unknown. One way we often cope with a long wait (or even a short one) is to begin helping God get his plan into action. Sarah tried this approach. She was too old to expect to have a child of her own, so she thought God must have something else in mind. From Sarah’s limited point of view, this could only be to give Abraham a son through another woman—a common practice in her day. The plan seemed harmless enough. Abraham would sleep with Sarah’s servant, who would then give birth to a child. Sarah would take the child as her own. The plan worked beautifully—at first. But as you read about the events that followed, you will be struck by how often Sarah must have regretted the day she decided to push God's timetable ahead. Another way we cope with a long wait is to gradually conclude that what we’re waiting for is never going to happen. Sarah waited 90 years for a baby! When God told her she would finally have one of her own, she laughed, not so much from a lack of faith in what God could do, but from doubt about what he could do through her. When confronted about her jaughter, she lied—as she had seen her husband do from time to time. She probably didn’t want her true feelings to be known. What parts of your life seem to be on hold right now? Do you understand that this may be part of God’s plan for you? The Bible has more than enough clear direction to keep us busy while we're waiting for some particular part of life to move ahead.

Strengths and accomplishments

• Was intensely loyal to her own child

• Became the mother of a nation and an ancestor of Jesus

• Was a woman of faith, the first woman listed in the Hall of Faith in Hebrews 11

Weaknesses and mistakes

• Had trouble believing God’s promises to her

• Attempted to work problems out on her own, without consulting God

• Tried to cover her faults by blaming others

Lessons from her life

• God responds to faith even in the midst of failure

• God is not bound by what usually happens; he can stretch the limits and cause unheard-of events to occur

@ Where: Married Abram in Ur of the Chaldeans, then moved with him to Canaan © Occupation: Wife, mother, household manager

• Relatives: Father: Terah. Husband: Abraham. Half brothers: Nahor and Haran. Nephew: Lot. Son: Isaac

Vitat statistics

“It was by faith that even Sarah was able to have a child, though she was barren and was too old. She believed that God would keep his promise” (Hebrews 11:11).

Key verse

Sarah’s story is told in Genesis 11-25. She is also mentioned in Isaiah 51:2; Romans 4:19; 9:9; Hebrews 11:11; 1 Peter 3:6.

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