Index
Index
For the benefit of digital users, indexed terms that span two pages (e.g., 52–53) may, on occasion, appear on only one of those pages.
abbots, 487. See also prelates
accidental form, 487
accidents
angels composed of subject and, 14, 15–16
defined, 487
defined by something not included in its essence, 225
Eucharist, accidents existing without subject in, 100–3
existence, as accident, 222
existence of angel as accident, 434–35
knowledge as mind’s “offspring” as, 1, 11–12
mixtures as, 132
subjects, dependence on, 253
subjects not destroyed by, 133
accusations, 208
active scandal, 487
active versus contemplative life, lviii–lix, 279, 281–89, 384
activity
angels acting by command of their will, 312–13
angels in a place by virtue of, 186–87
inseparable deformity making it impossible to perform well, 123–24
proportionality of substance, power, and activity, Pseudo-Dionysius on, 255
right action, sin opposed to, xlvi, 149–53
sins of action, 459–61
of the soul, 141–44
substance and, 138
actuality and potentiality, 137–38, 487, 490
Adam (biblical figure), xlv–xlvi, 34, 63, 64, 67–68, 301, 320–21, 401. See also original sin
Adam de Puteorum Villa, On Intelligences, 110–11, 335, 337
adultery
abstinence of one marital partner without consent of other and, 353
confession of secret adultery in court, 410, 411–12
as mortal sin, 459
Against the Opponents of Worship and Religion (Contra Doctrinum Retrahentium a Religione; Thomas Aquinas), xxxii
Against the Teaching of Those Who Draw People Away from the Religious Life (Thomas Aquinas), xxxii
agent intellect, 487
St. Agnes, 286–87
Alan de Lille, 91–92n10
Alexander IV (pope), lv
Alexander of Aphrodisias, 65–66
Alexander of Hales, 449n81
allegorical exegesis, 29–32, 487
almsgiving
by clerics with superfluous property, 325–28
the dead, on behalf of, 329–30
preachers accepting alms from usurers, 453, 455
by religious taking vow of poverty, lviii, 279–80
sin, failure to give to poor as, xlviii–xlix, 76, 77–78, 325–28
superfluous things, failure to give away, 459, 461
Ambrose of Milan
on children received into religious life, 373
on common property, 412
Emperor Theodosius I and, 233
on Holy Spirit as God, 159
on lying, 333
on religious vows, 273
on sin against Holy Spirit, 247–48n105
on sonship of Christ, 182–83, 184
anagogical exegesis, 29–32, 487
Anaxagoras, 436
angels, xlii–xliii. See also aevum; devil/demons
accident and subject, composed of, 14, 15–16
causing the rational soul, 260–63
command of their will, activity done by, 312–13
defined, 487
difference between angelic substance and its nature, 222, 224–27
duration of, having a before and after, 133–36
earth, ability to act on bodies on, 103, 113–15
essence and existence, composed of, 222–24
existence of angel as accident, 434–35
food, consumption of, 259
human and angelic time, relationship of, 227–29
influencing human souls, 260, 262–63
knowledge of human thought, 435
matter and form, composed of, 103–6
meriting their own blessedness, 103, 108–10
mortal sin, substantial inhabitation of humans by evil angel during, 260, 263
movement from place to place without passing through space between, 186, 187–89
movement in an instant, 103, 110–13, 164–66
in a place by virtue of its activity, 186–87
simultaneous “morning and evening knowledge” of things (in the Word and in their own nature), 103, 106–8
singulars, knowledge of, 1, 7–11
on top of empyrean heaven, 312, 314–15
animals, ability of human words to move, 439–40
Anselm of Canterbury
on children received into religious life, 380
on concupiscence of nonbelievers, 367, 368
disputational format and dialogues of, xxxiii–xxxiv
on identity of current Church with Apostolic Church, 444
on nothing being in nothing, 314, 315
On the Fall of the Devil, 192
On Grace and Free Will, 192, 367
On the Procession of the Holy Spirit, 348
On Truth, 332
on original sin, xlv–xlvi, 402
Antoninus of Florence, Confessionale, lx
Apollinaris, 258
Apostolic Church, identity of current Church with, 444
appetites or impulses, as sins, li, 366–69
Aquinas. See specific entries at Thomas Aquinas
archdeacons. See also clerics and members of religious orders
archdeacons and archdeaconry, 487
Aristotle
on acts of the intellect, 403
on blessedness or happiness, 85–86, 109
on charity, 398–99
commentaries of Aquinas on, xxxi–xxxii
on common property, 413
on contemplation versus political activity, 139
disputations relying on logic of, xxxiii–xxxiv
empyrean heaven, on composition of, 342–43
on empyrean heavens, 336
on eye of dead person as eye equivocally, 257
on falsehood and truth, 318–19
on false oaths, 210
on fate, 433
on food converted into human nature, 62–63, 65–66, 67
on free will, 194
on generosity, 423
on honor, 149–50
on human knowledge, 438–39
on ignorance, 211
on indivisible things not changing, 298
on intellect, 161
on moral virtues, 448–49
on movement, 188
on mover and moved, 313
on multiple bodies not occupying same space, 213–14, 215
on nature and substance, 224–25
on numerical sameness, 168–69
on oneness, 127–29
on parents and children, 238
on perpetual versus destructible things, 228
on place, 314–15
pleasure and suffering, on relationship between, 299–300
on potentiality and actuality, 294
on power, 340–41
on powers, feelings, and dispositions in the soul, 318
on prior and posterior, 415–16, 417
property, on use of, 326–27
on propositions, 361, 362, 363
on reason and will, 118
on relative terms, 379
on the senses, 101
on souls of heavenly bodies, 436
on spiritual senses in writings other than scripture, 33
superiority, on desire for, 241
on a thing and its essence, 225
on thinking of more than one thing at a time, 28
on thinking requiring mental image, 138
on transmission of souls, 438
on truth, 360
on usury, 291–92
on voluntary and involuntary, 404n42, 404–5
on words, 395
Aristotle, works
Categories, 98, 225, 361, 362, 492
Eudemian Ethics, 194
Metaphysics, 21, 53n4, 91, 96, 101, 113, 114, 128, 183, 190, 210, 224–25, 228, 261, 294, 336, 395, 398–99, 400, 404, 415–16, 438
Nicomachean Ethics, 61–62, 79–80, 85–86, 118, 139, 149–50, 211, 239–40, 241, 299, 318–19, 323, 326–27, 340, 360, 398–99, 404n42, 404–5, 413, 423
On Animals, 438
On Generation and Corruption, 62–63, 66n32, 131, 192, 243, 345, 361
On the Generation of Animals, 56, 63, 65–66, 116, 399
On Interpretation, 79–80, 362, 415–16
On the Soul, 2, 5–6, 38, 63, 66, 95, 101, 116, 117, 138, 139–41, 161, 169, 190, 257, 293, 295–96, 362, 403, 433, 439
Parts of Animals, 35–36
Physics, 20–21, 88, 89–90, 96, 105, 111, 112–13, 115, 134, 187, 188, 213–14, 215, 227–28, 255, 298, 304, 313, 314–15, 350–51, 383, 415–16, 417
Arius and Arians, 258, 266–67, 349
Athanasius of Alexandria, 247–48n105
Augustine of Hippo
accident, knowledge as mind’s “offspring” as, 1, 11–12
on angels, 16, 103, 111, 113–14, 115, 134–35, 188, 228–29, 259
Arians, speaking against, 349
on blessedness, 85
on bodies of the damned, 25, 26
on buying and selling, 240
on casting lots, 460n119
children received into religious life and, 372, 374–75, 377, 378
on Christ’s enjoyment extending to essence of his soul, 13–14
on common property, 412
on confession and penance, 408–9
on counsels of religious life and commandments, 386, 387–88, 389, 391
on created intellect’s ability to directly see divine essence, 2
on creation, 347
on desire for temporal versus spiritual things, 242
disputational format and dialogues of, xxxiii–xxxiv
on distribution of ecclesiastical ranks, 359
divine essence, on ability to see, 181–82
on divine omnipotence, 344, 395
on empyrean heavens, 336
on existence of God, 430
on fate, 434
food, on Christ (not) eating after his resurrection, 258–59
on forgiveness of sin, 248, 249
on God’s eternity, 135–36
on goodness, 223
on grace, 350
on honoring wealthy people, 150
on ideas of God, 55
on identity of current Church with Apostolic Church, 444, 445
on impulses or appetites, 367
on knowledge of charity or any other disposition, by those who lack it, 60, 61
on living versus non-living substances, 115–16
on manual labor versus spiritual work, 34, 35, 38, 39–40, 41–42, 44–45, 46–47, 50–51
on martyrdom, 365, 397–98, 460n119
on mental words, 403
on moral virtues, 448
on mortal sin, 368
number six as creator or creature and, 52–53, 55
on numerical sameness, 170
on origins of reception of species by which one knows things, 57, 59
on perfection of charity, 283–84, 420–21
power, on accepting versus declining, 421, 422
on power of water in baptism, 441
on powers of the soul, 137
on predestination, 162
on punishment of the damned, 244, 298–99
on purgatory, 245
on religious vows, 270, 271, 273–74
on rule of faith, 266–67
on scripture, 13, 14, 27–29, 125–26
on secular ruler forbidding preacher to preach, 455
on self-love, 195
on sin, 211, 248, 303, 332, 425
on souls of heavenly bodies, 436
on spiritual versus natural bodies, 215
on state of body corresponding to state of soul, 402
on superfluous things, 461
superiority, on desire for, 241, 264
on teachers and students, 264n23
transmission of souls and, 437
on unformed matter, 105–6
on union of body and soul, 191
on water above the heavens, 341–42, 343
on Word of God, 347
on words, 332
Augustine of Hippo, works
Against Faustus, 17, 303, 386, 387–88, 395
City of God, 26, 228, 241, 244, 259, 264, 283–84, 298–99, 334, 341, 345, 365, 374–75, 397–98, 402, 421, 422
Commentary on Genesis Against the Manicheans, 343
Eighty-Three Different Questions, 55, 258–59, 283–84, 338, 405, 407
Expositions on the Psalms, 85n81
Homilies on the First Epistle of John, 420–21
Literal Commentary on Genesis, 13, 14, 27–28, 52, 53, 57, 60, 105–6, 107, 111, 135, 181–82, 188, 320–21, 341–42, 344, 347, 350, 436
Miracles of Sacred Scripture, 103
On Adulterous Marriages, 408–9
On Christian Doctrine, 28–29, 223, 266–67, 332
On the Customs of the Church, 387
On the Divination of Demons, 435
On Free Choice, 142
On the Good of Perseverance, 272
On the Lord’s Sermon on the Mount, 327, 365–66, 372, 387–88, 391, 459
On the Perfection of Righteousness, 389
On the Trinity, 1, 11–12, 61, 85, 113–14, 137, 240, 249, 336, 346, 347, 367, 368, 403, 448
On True Religion, 115–16
Sermons on the Old Testament, 264n23
The Work of Monks, 34, 35, 39–40, 41–42, 44–45, 46–47, 50–51
authority
hearing confessions on pope’s authority without prelate’s permission, 456–57
preaching on one’s own authority, 453
reason versus, in settling theological questions, 360, 363–64
Averroes
Alexander of Aphrodisias, as source of Aquinas’s knowledge of, 65–66n30
Commentary on Aristotle’s Metaphysics, 90, 128–29n7, 223, 399–400
Commentary on Aristotle’s On the Heavens, 191–92
Commentary on Aristotle’s On the Soul, 5n7, 104–5, 142–43, 161n3
Commentary on Aristotle’s Physics, 215
Middle Commentary on Aristotle’s On Generation and Corruption, 66
On the Unicity of the Intellect Against the Averroists (Thomas Aquinas), xxxii
Avicebron, Fountain of Life, 167
Avicenna
on existence of angel as accident, 434
on generation of animals, 118
Metaphysics, 53, 63–64, 101–2, 104, 114
on mixed bodies, 191
on oneness of God, as affirmation versus negation, 128
on production of forms, 116–17
on separated souls’ knowledge obtained in life, 439
on separated souls’ knowledge of each other, 295
Sufficiency/Physics, 56
bad Catholics or heretics, certain adherence of, as act of virtue of faith, 318–19
baptism
administration of versus desire for, 352, 353
completion of, 351–52
of Jewish children against parents’ will, 229, 232–34, 269–70
Jewish woman baptized by Christian man for promise of marriage, 315, 317
mark of, 199
of minor children, 269–70, 353
mother’s faith, child born and dying in waterless desert saved by, 315–17
as necessary sacrament, 200
obligation to uphold matters of faith and charity and, 207
power of water to cleanse sins in, 441
power to confer, 171
transmission of original sin to offspring by baptized persons, 330–31
water necessary for, 199, 315–17
Basil of Caesarea
on breath of life as grace of Holy Spirit, 191
on conscience, 302
Hexaemeron, 84
relative perfection of secular clergy versus religious and, 285
beatific vision. See blessedness
Bede
on casting lots, 460
Commentary on Acts, 460
Commentary on Luke, 419
on reaching state of apostleship and evangelical perfection, 419, 420
on senses of scripture, 30
on sonship of Christ, 182–83n11
St. Benedict of Nursia
children received into religious life by, 375
reaching state of apostleship and evangelical perfection, 420–21
Rule of St. Benedict, l, 146, 212, 370, 490
vision of, 181–82
benefices
distribution of, 319–20, 322–23
office of the dead, cleric at school required to say, 319–20, 321–22
for relatives, 354, 358–59, 419, 422–23
revocation of, 357
Bernard of Clairvaux
on charity, 206
on dispensations from commandments, 209–10
on excessive fasting and vigils, 414
on multiple prebends, 122
On Precept and Dispensation, 147, 206, 238, 355–56
on punishment of the damned, 243
on redemptive power of Christ’s death, 221
on sacraments, 441
on vows of obedience, 147, 206–7, 238
bewitchment as impediment to marriage, 175–76
Bible. See specific entries at Scripture
bigamy, papal dispensation for, 354, 355–57
bishops. See prelates
blessedness, xliii–xliv
angels, duration of, 135
of canonized saints, 125–26
ability of the damned to see glory of the saints, 81–83
God’s essence, ability of created intellect to see, 156–57
humanity of Christ before his divinity, ability to see, 85, 86–87
light of glory, 2, 3, 4, 157, 489
misery of the damned, ability of the blessed to see, 81–83
multiple glorified bodies occupying the same place, 213–17
temporary deprivation of, 245
as thought or feeling, 85–86
blood lost in Passion returning to Christ’s body after resurrection, 396–98
bodies. See also resurrection from the dead
corporeity, soul’s completion of body alone or by means of, 437
of the damned, 23–27
equal number of males and females born in absence of original sin, 300–1
glorified bodies occupying same space, 213–17
God’s ability to make same body be located in two places at once, 252, 253
marriage and power over, 148, 290
one substantial form for each body, 437
soul as form of body, 139, 141
state of body corresponding to state of soul, 402
union of body and soul, 189–92
Boethius
commentaries of Aquinas on, xxxi–xxxii
Commentary on Boethius’s On the Trinity (Thomas Aquinas), 457n113
on eternity, 134
on existence, 223
on fate, 434
on angels, 16
on potentiality and actuality, 293
on quantity and quality, 21
on two natures of Christ, 91–92
Boethius, works
Arithmetic, 55
Consolation of Philosophy, 70
On Two Natures, 224–25
On Unity, 103–4
Treatise Against Eutyches and Nestorius, 104, 224–25n18
Bonaventure
Commentary on the Sentences, xl–xli, 74n57
De Scientia Christi, xl–xli
Book on Causes
on accidents existing without subject, 101
on angels, 9–10, 104–5, 222, 400
commentary of Aquinas on, xxxi–xxxii
books, opening at random, to cast lots, 459–60
Boyle, Leonard, xxxvin55, xxxviin58, lx
business and trade. See trade, business, and money
Calixtus (pope), 42–43
canonized saints, blessedness/damnation of, 125–26
canon law, 487
canons regular, 487. See also clerics and members of religious orders
Cassiodorus
on acts of separated soul, 143, 144
On the Soul, 143
catechesis, 487
catechumens, 443
categories, ten, 492
Catholic Church. See Church
causality, xxxix–xli
efficient cause, 488
final cause, 488
formal cause, 489
material cause, 490
St. Cecilia, 440
chapters (of monasteries, priories, cathedrals, or collegiate churches), 488
charity (almsgiving). See almsgiving
charity (love)
Christ’s love for us, in his suffering versus giving us his body as food, 396, 398–99
contrite person preferring being in hell to sinning due to, 197
human love of God and self-love, 189, 194–96
increased in essence, 119–20
knowledge of a disposition by those who lack it, 57, 59–62
martyrdom and, 364–65
moral virtues connected by, 449
order to, 145
of Peter, and denial of Christ, 120, 121
prayer for oneself versus for someone else, 72
revealing secrets entrusted in confidence to superior and, 206
chastity. See continence/chastity vows
children, minor
Jewish children baptized against parents’ will, 229, 232–34
mother’s faith, child born and dying in waterless desert saved by, 315–17
natural law, children under control of parents by, 269–70, 375–76
penance, exemptions from, 370
religious life, children without experience keeping commandments received into, 369–82
religious vows, young people obligated by oath to take, lvii–lviii, 267–72
Christ, 88. See also Eucharist; Incarnation; resurrection of Christ; Trinity
ability of the blessed to see humanity of Christ before his divinity, 85, 86–87
death on the cross, 182, 184–86
dual nature of, 91–100, 219, 349–50
enjoyment extending to essence of soul of, 13–14
glorified body of, 215–17
God uttering himself and creation by same word, 346–47
Holy Spirit, sonship distinguishing from, 347–48
infinity of things, God’s ability to make, 88–91
insults, responses to, 426
Last Judgment, coming down to earth for, 127, 129–31
love of Christ for us, in his suffering versus giving us his body as food, 396, 398–99
miracles of, 229–31
mystical body of, 287