©1997 by Thomas Nelson, Inc.
A Short Harmony of Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles
A Short Harmony of Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles 1. Selected Genealogies ———— 1 Chron. 1–9 2. Samuel's Judgeship 1 Sam. 1–8 ———— 3. Saul's Reign 1 Sam. 9–31 1 Chron. 10 4. David's Reign 2 Sam. 1–24 1 Chron. 11–29 5. Solomon's Reign 1 Kings 1–11 2 Chron. 1–9 6. Divided Kingdom Pt. 1 1 Kings 12–2 Kings 17; 2 Chron. 10–27 (to the Assyrian exile) 7. Divided Kingdom Pt. 2 2 Kings 18–25; 2 Chron. 28–36:21 (to the Babylonian exile) 8. Return from Babylon ———— 2 Chron. 36:22–23 ©1997 by Thomas Nelson, Inc.
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 3:1–4 See 2 Sam. 3:2–5.
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 3:1 David. The chief reason for such detailed genealogies is that they affirm the line of Christ from Adam (Luke 3:38) through Abraham and David (Matt. 1:1), thus emphasizing the kingdom intentions of God in Christ.
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 3:5–8 See 2 Sam. 5:14–16 and 1 Chron. 14:4–7.
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 3:10–16 Rehoboam . . . Zedekiah. The reigns of these descendants of David are delineated in 2 Chron. 10:1–36:21.
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 3:16 Jeconiah. God's curse resulting in no royal descendants from the line of Jeconiah (a.k.a. Jehoiachin), as given by Jeremiah (Jer. 22:30), was enforced by God. Even though Jeconiah was in the line of Christ, the Messiah was not a physical child of that line, thus affirming the curse, yet sustaining the legality of his kingship through Joseph, who was in David's line. His blood birthright came through Mary, who traced her line to David through his son Nathan, not Solomon (cf. Luke 3:31).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 3:22 six. Only five sons are named, so the number includes their father Shemaiah.
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 4:41 Hezekiah. He ruled Judah c. 715–686 B.C.
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 4:43 Amalekites. Longstanding enemies of Israel
whom God purposed to exterminate. Another branch of the Amalekite family tree had appeared in Persia, represented by Haman, who attempted to exterminate the Jews (Est. 3:1ff.).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 5:2 Judah became strong. In accordance with Jacob's blessing (Gen. 49:10), the king of Israel is to come from Judah. This prophecy had historical reference to the Davidic Covenant (cf. 2 Sam. 7; 1 Chron. 17) with full messianic implications.
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 5:6 Tilgath-pileser. The king of Assyria (c. 745–727
B.C.) who threatened Judah and made Ahaz pay a tribute (cf. 2 Kings 16:7–20; 2 Chron. 28:16–21).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 5:22 the exile. The Assyrian deportation of 722 B.C. is meant (cf. 5:26).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 6:1–15 This section lists the high-priestly lineage from Levi (v. 1) through Aaron (v. 3), through Eleazar (v v. 3–4), and through Phinehas (v. 4), with whom God covenanted for a perpetual priesthood (Num. 25:11–13).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 6:8 Zadok. By the time of David's reign, the highpriestly line had wrongly been shifted to the sons of Ithamar as represented by Abiathar. When Abiathar sided with Adonijah rather than Solomon, Zadok became the ruling high priest (1 Kings 2:26–27) and restored the high priesthood to the Levitical line through Phinehas (cf. Num. 25:10–13).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 6:13 Hilkiah. The high priest who rediscovered the law in Josiah's reign c. 622 B.C. (2 Kings 22:8–13; 2 Chron. 34:14–21).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 6:14 Seraiah. The high priest who was executed by the Babylonians after their occupation of Jerusalem c. 586 B.C. (2 Kings 25:18–21). Jehozadak. (a.k.a. Jozadak.) The father of Jeshua, the first high priest in the return (cf. Ezra 3:2; 5:2).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 6:16–30 The sons of Levi (v v. 16–19) and their families (v v. 20–30) are given here.
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 6:27–28 Samuel, a Levite, by exceptional, divine direction, offered priestly sacrifices (cf. 1 Sam. 7:9; 10:8; 11:14–15). The fact
that Elkanah was from Ephraim (1 Sam. 1:1) indicates where he lived, not his family history (Num. 35:6–8).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 6:31–48 The Levitical musicians are listed as they relate to: 1) Kohath and Heman (v v. 33–38); 2) Gershon and Asaph (v v. 39–43); and 3) Merari and Ethan (v v. 44–47).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 6:49–53 This is a repeat of the high-priestly line enumerated in v v. 4–8 through Zadok. This repeated genealogy could possibly point to the Zadokian high priesthood for the temple in the Millennium (cf. Ezek. 40:46; 43:19; 44:15; 48:11).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 6:54–81 This section rehearses the 48 cities given to the Levites instead of a section of land (cf. Num. 35:1–8; Josh. 21:1–42), which signals God's intention for the Jewish nation to have a priesthood and future in the land first given to Abraham (cf. Gen. 12:1–3).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 8:1–40 This section enlarges on the genealogy of Benjamin in 7:6–12, most likely because of that tribe's important relationship with Judah in the southern kingdom. Thus these two tribes taken in captivity together and the Levites make up the returning remnant in 538 B.C.
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 9:1 all Israel. Even though the northern kingdom of Israel never returned from dispersion in 722 B.C., many from the 10 tribes that made up that kingdom migrated south after the division in 931 B.C. The result was that Judah, the southern kingdom, had people from all tribes, so that when returning from captivity "all Israel" was truly represented.
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 9:2 first to dwell. This chapter has genealogies of returning 1) Israelites (v v. 3–9); 2) priests (v v. 10–13); and 3) Levites (v v. 14– 34). temple servants. These temple servants (Ezra 8:20) were possibly descendants of the Gibeonites (cf. Josh. 9:3–4, 23).
1 CHRONICLES—NOTE ON 9:35–44 This section records Saul's lineage as a transition to the main theme of the rest of the book, which is the kingship of David (c. 1011 B.C.).