Works, 16: 163–72, quotation, p. 172. See also Edwards, Copies of Two Letters Cited by the
Notes to Pages 307–12 ∑∏∑
2. ''The college, it is I,'' Louis Tucker, Puritan Protagonist: President Thomas Clap of Yale College (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1962), 267.
3. Ibid., 114–35. The intensity of the conflict was heightened in May 1742 when separatists left Joseph Noyes' First Church on the New Haven green next to Yale College.
4. Thomas Clap, A Letter from the Rev. Mr. Thomas Clap . . . to the Rev. Mr. Edwards of North-Hampton (Boston 1745), 4; quoted in Edwards to the Reverend Thomas Clap, May 20, 1745, Works, 16: 164. 5. Clap, A Letter from . . . Clap . . . Edwards, 11. 6. Edwards, An Expostulary Letter from the Reverend Mr. Edwards (Boston, 1745), Works, 16: 163–72, quotation, p. 172. See also Edwards, Copies of Two Letters Cited by the Reverend Mr. Clap (Boston, 1745), Works, 16: 153–62.
7. See Christopher W. Mitchell, ''Jonathan Edwards's Scottish Connection and the Eighteenth-Century Scottish Revival, 1735–1750'' (Ph.D. diss., St. Mary's College, University of St. Andrews, Scotland), 1997.
8. Harry S. Stout, The Divine Dramatist: George Whitefield and the Rise of Modern Evangelicalism (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 1991), 133–55; Arnold Dallimore, George Whitefield: The Life and Times of the Great Evangelist of the Eighteenth-Century Revival, 2 vols. (Westchester, Ill.: Banner of Truth Trust, 1970), 2: 83–98.
9. George Whitefield, Tuesday, November 27, 1744 in George Whitefield's Journals (Edinburgh, 1960), 528–29.
10. Luke Tyerman, The Life of the Rev. George Whitefield, 2 vols. (London, 1876), 2: 129–42, summarizes ten attacks and three replies by Whitefield. 11. This is based on Whitefield's account in a private letter (recipient unspecified) from Boston, July 29, 1745, reproduced in Tyerman, Rev. George Whitefield, 2: 150–51.
12. Ibid. I am presuming that Whitefield would have said much the same to Edwards a couple of weeks earlier as he said in this letter.
13. Edwards to ''Friends in Scotland,'' Works, 16: 175–79. 14. Seth Pomeroy to his wife, July 30, 1745, in James R. Trumbull, History of Northampton, Massachusetts, from Its Settlement in 1654, 2 vols. (Northampton, Mass., 1898, 1902), 2: 119. 15. Edwards to ''A Correspondent in Scotland,'' Works, 16: 180–97, quotations, pp. 180, 185. 16. Sermon, Psalm 66:18, part 2 (April 12, 1744). Earlier, March 29, 1739, his sermon on the same text had been on the theme, ''It is in vain for any to expect to have their prayers heard as long as they continue in the allowance of sin'' (Works of Edwards summaries).
17. Sermon, Joshua 7:12, ''Fast for the Occasion of War with France'' (June 28, 1744). 18. Sermon, I King 8:44–45, ''Fast for Success in Expedition against Cape Breton'' (April 4, 1745). On the widespread millennial interpretations of the Louisbourg victory in New England, see Nathan Hatch, The Sacred Cause of Liberty: Republican Thought and the Millennium in Revolutionary New England (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977), esp. 36–51. 19. He continued, ''for, like the kingdom of heaven, they are to be taken by force and violence; and in a French garrison I suppose there are devils of that kind, that they are not to be cast out by prayers and fasting, unless it be by their own fasting for want of provisions.'' Benjamin Franklin to John Franklin, [ca. May] 1745, in The Papers of Benjamin Franklin, vol. 3, ed. Leonard W. Labaree (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1961), 26–27.