Association.
∑∏≤ Notes to Pages 294–96
Pastor, 161, refers to ''the tradition originated by Samuel Hopkins' biography . . . in 1765'' and suggests that Hopkins' account is unreliable. Only one or two of the accused, she finds, were from ''leading families'' (though Hopkins adds ''or were nearly related''), and she thinks the townspeople should have been able to distinguish the accused men on the list from the women witnesses. We have what appears to be the list in Edwards' writing, including ten young men, then the two town doctors, and finally ten women and one man, Johnson, '' 'Young Folks' Bible,' '' 42–43. Yet even if this is the exact list Edwards read from, there is nothing in it to contradict Hopkins' story. Hopkins knew of the incident either as an eyewitness or from hearing extensive town talk while the controversy was going on, and the incident was likely to remain vividly in his memory.
Sylvester Judd, 1789–1860, in a manuscript history of the region, Forbes Library, Northampton, Mass., reports that Sarah Clark was one of the accused who testified before the committee, Johnson, '' 'Young Folks' Bible,' '' 43. Her name, however, does not appear on Edwards' list nor in the testimony he preserved, transcribed in Johnson.
8. Tracy, Jonathan Edwards, Pastor, 256n36, citing a 1731 decision of the Hampshire Association.
9. Notes titled ''Defense of Actions,'' ANTS, Works of Edwards transcription. We do not know precisely when in the controversy he presented this defense. Probably it was early because it does not deal with some of the issues that arose in the full investigation.
10. This is from ''the Twenty-sixth Edition'' of this work, ''printed and sold by the booksellers'' [London?], 1755. Presumably earlier editions of this or similar works were available in New England by this time. One English edition, known to be in America as early as 1685, was The Problems of Aristotle with Other Philosophers and Physicians: Wherein Are Contained Divers Questions, with Their Answers, Touching the Estate of Man's Body, printed in 1679 for J. Wright. Johnson, '' 'Young Folks' Bible,' '' 52–53.
11. This volume was Thomas Dawkes, The Midwife Rightly Instructed: or the Way, Which All Women Desirous to Learn, Should Take, to Acquire the True Knowledge and Be Successful in the Practices of the Art of Midwifery. With a Prefatory Address to the Married Part of British Ladies, etc. (London: J. Oswald, 1736). Its unremarkable contents are described in Chamberlain, ''Bad Books.''
12. Edwards' notes on the testimony, ANTS, Works of Edwards transcription. Most of this testimony is also transcribed, with slight di√erences, in Johnson, '' 'Young Folks' Bible,' '' 43–51.
13. See below concerning the confession of Oliver Warner, where his fault lies in the language he allegedly used when taunting two women.
14. ''Defense of Actions,'' ANTS, Works of Edwards transcription. There is also a briefer ''List of Questions,'' which Edwards drew up for reviewing the matter. Ola Winslow suggests that this list may have been intended for a discussion with his (surely sympathetic) father since it is written on a back of a list of items to take or to bring back (such as chocolate) from ''Down Country.'' Ola Winslow, Jonathan Edwards, 1703–1758: A Biography (New York: Macmillan, 1940), 225.
15. ''The Confession of Oliver Warner,'' describes the speech as ''of a very scandalous nature.'' Works of Edwards transcription from Edwards' hand, ANTS document. On the importance of the regulation of speech in New England see Jane Kamensky, Governing the Tongue: The Politics of Speech in Early New England (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997).