UECF logoUnited Evangelical Christian Fellowship Church (UECF)130 Ferris Pl, Westfield, NJ

Collected Works

Philip Schaff

Public DomainTheology
📖 Read Online📥 PDF
Chapters 1557
  1. Volume 1 – APOSTLIC CHRISTIANITY ≈ 1 min
  2. PREFACE TO THE REVISED EDITION ≈ 6 min
  3. FROM THE PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION ≈ 6 min
  4. PREFACE TO THIRD REVISION ≈ 1 min
  5. Literature ≈ 3 min
  6. § 1. Nature of Church History. ≈ 11 min
  7. § 2. Branches of Church History. ≈ 13 min
  8. § 3. Sources of Church History. ≈ 5 min
  9. § 4. Periods of Church History. ≈ 16 min
  10. § 5. Uses of Church History. ≈ 4 min
  11. § 6. Duty of the Historian. ≈ 13 min
  12. § 7. Literature of Church History. ≈ 77 min
  13. ADDENDA ≈ 9 min
  14. Literature. ≈ 3 min
  15. § 8. Central Position of Christ in the History of the World. ≈ 7 min
  16. § 9. Judaism. ≈ 21 min
  17. § 10. The Law, and the Prophecy. ≈ 11 min
  18. § 11. Heathenism. ≈ 15 min
  19. § 12. Grecian Literature, and the Roman Empire. ≈ 21 min
  20. § 13. Judaism and Heathenism in Contact. ≈ 21 min
  21. § 14. Sources and Literature. ≈ 33 min
  22. § 15. The Founder of Christianity. ≈ 32 min
  23. § 16. Chronology of the Life of Christ. ≈ 48 min
  24. § 17. The Land and the People. ≈ 67 min
  25. § 18. Apocryphal Traditions. ≈ 38 min
  26. § 19. The Resurrection of Christ. ≈ 104 min
  27. § 20. Sources and Literature of the Apostolic Age. ≈ 23 min
  28. § 21. General Character of the Apostolic Age. ≈ 29 min
  29. § 22. The Critical Reconstruction of the History of the Apostolic Age. ≈ 43 min
  30. § 23. Chronology of the Apostolic Age. ≈ 20 min
  31. § 24. The Miracle of Pentecost and the Birthday of the Christian Church. a.d. 30. ≈ 66 min
  32. § 25. The Church of Jerusalem and the Labors of Peter. ≈ 19 min
  33. § 26. The Peter of History and the Peter of Fiction. ≈ 25 min
  34. § 27. James the Brother of the Lord. ≈ 42 min
  35. § 28. Preparation for the Mission to the Gentiles. ≈ 36 min
  36. Section 36 ≈ 1 min
  37. § 29. Sources and Literature on St. Paul and his Work. ≈ 15 min
  38. § 30. Paul before his Conversion. ≈ 16 min
  39. § 31. The Conversion of Paul. ≈ 42 min
  40. § 32. The Work of Paul. ≈ 14 min
  41. § 33. Paul’s Missionary Labors. ≈ 29 min
  42. § 34. The Synod of Jerusalem, and the Compromise between Jewish and Gentile Christianity. ≈ 42 min
  43. § 35. The Conservative Reaction, and the Liberal Victory— ≈ 19 min
  44. § 36. Christianity in Rome. ≈ 124 min
  45. § 37. The Roman Conflagration and the Neronian Persecution. ≈ 33 min
  46. § 38. The Jewish War and the Destruction of Jerusalem. a.d. 70. ≈ 27 min
  47. § 39. Effects of the Destruction of Jerusalem on the Christian Church. ≈ 25 min
  48. § 40. The Johannean Literature. ≈ 19 min
  49. § 41. Life and Character of John ≈ 28 min
  50. § 42. Apostolic Labors of John. ≈ 13 min
  51. § 43. Traditions Respecting John.600 ≈ 23 min
  52. Literature. ≈ 1 min
  53. § 44. The Power of Christianity. ≈ 11 min
  54. § 45. The Spiritual Gifts. ≈ 10 min
  55. § 46. Christianity in Individuals. ≈ 6 min
  56. § 47. Christianity and the Family. ≈ 2 min
  57. § 48. Christianity and Slavery. ≈ 13 min
  58. § 49. Christianity and Society. ≈ 4 min
  59. § 50. Spiritual Condition of the Congregations.—The Seven Churches in Asia. ≈ 16 min
  60. Literature. ≈ 1 min
  61. § 51. The Synagogue. ≈ 10 min
  62. § 52. Christian Worship. ≈ 3 min
  63. § 53. The Several Parts of Worship. ≈ 8 min
  64. § 54. Baptism. ≈ 15 min
  65. § 55. The Lord’s Supper. ≈ 8 min
  66. § 56. Sacred Places. ≈ 3 min
  67. § 57. Sacred Times—The Lord’s Day. ≈ 29 min
  68. § 58. Literature. ≈ 9 min
  69. § 59. The Christian Ministry, and its Relation to the Christian Community. ≈ 12 min
  70. § 60. Apostles, Prophets, Evangelists. ≈ 6 min
  71. § 61. Presbyters or Bishops. The Angels of the Seven Churches. James of Jerusalem. ≈ 11 min
  72. § 62. Deacons and Deaconesses. ≈ 5 min
  73. § 63. Church Discipline. ≈ 5 min
  74. § 64. The Council at Jerusalem. ≈ 11 min
  75. § 65. The Church and the Kingdom of Christ. ≈ 31 min
  76. § 66. Literature. ≈ 4 min
  77. § 67. Unity of Apostolic Teaching. ≈ 11 min
  78. § 68. Different Types of Apostolic Teaching. ≈ 5 min
  79. § 69. The Jewish Christian Theology—I. James and the Gospel of Law. ≈ 13 min
  80. § 70. II. Peter and the Gospel of Hope. ≈ 7 min
  81. § 71. The Gentile Christian Theology. Paul and the Gospel of Faith. ≈ 65 min
  82. § 72. John and the Gospel of Love. ≈ 33 min
  83. § 73. Heretical Perversions of the Apostolic Teaching. ≈ 59 min
  84. CHAPTER XII. THE NEW TESTAMENT. ≈ 1 min
  85. § 74. Literature. ≈ 4 min
  86. § 75. Rise of the Apostolic Literature. ≈ 7 min
  87. § 76. Character of the New Testament. ≈ 6 min
  88. § 77. Literature on the Gospels. ≈ 13 min
  89. § 78. The Four Gospels. ≈ 30 min
  90. § 79. The Synoptists. ≈ 51 min
  91. § 80. Matthew. ≈ 28 min
  92. § 81. Mark. ≈ 50 min
  93. § 82. Luke. ≈ 59 min
  94. § 83. John. ≈ 93 min
  95. § 84. Critical Review of the Johannean Problem. ≈ 21 min
  96. § 85. The Acts of the Apostles. ≈ 35 min
  97. § 86. The Epistles. ≈ 5 min
  98. § 87. The Catholic Epistles. ≈ 18 min
  99. § 88. The Epistles of Paul ≈ 15 min
  100. § 89. The Epistles to the Thessalonians. ≈ 5 min
  101. § 90. The Epistles to the Corinthians. ≈ 15 min
  102. § 91. The Epistles to the Galatians. ≈ 6 min
  103. § 92. The Epistle to the Romans. ≈ 8 min
  104. § 93. The Epistles of the Captivity. ≈ 5 min
  105. § 94. The Epistle to the Colossians. ≈ 15 min
  106. § 95. The Epistle to the Ephesians. ≈ 15 min
  107. § 96. Colossians and Ephesians Compared and Vindicated. ≈ 11 min
  108. § 97. The Epistle to the Philippians. ≈ 11 min
  109. § 98. The Epistle to Philemon. ≈ 11 min
  110. § 99. The Pastoral Epistles. ≈ 23 min
  111. § 100. The Epistle To The Hebrews. ≈ 39 min
  112. § 101. The Apocalypse. ≈ 82 min
  113. § 102. Concluding Reflections. Faith and Criticism. ≈ 223 min
  114. Volume 2 – ANTE-NICENE CHRISTIANITY ≈ 1 min
  115. PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION REVISED ≈ 2 min
  116. FIFTH EDITION ≈ 1 min
  117. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION ≈ 9 min
  118. § 1. Literature on the Ante-Nicene Age ≈ 13 min
  119. § 2. General Character of Ante-Nicene Christianity. ≈ 17 min
  120. § 3. Literature. ≈ 3 min
  121. § 4. Hindrances and Helps. ≈ 5 min
  122. § 5. Causes of the Success of Christianity. ≈ 13 min
  123. § 6. Means of Propagation. ≈ 6 min
  124. § 7. Extent of Christianity in the Roman Empire. ≈ 4 min
  125. § 8. Christianity in Asia. ≈ 2 min
  126. § 9. Christianity in Egypt. ≈ 5 min
  127. § 10. Christianity in North Africa. ≈ 6 min
  128. § 11. Christianity in Europe. ≈ 9 min
  129. CHAPTER II. PERSECUTION OF CHRISTIANITY AND CHRISTIAN MARTYRDOM. ≈ 1 min
  130. § 12. Literature. ≈ 4 min
  131. § 13. General Survey. ≈ 9 min
  132. § 14. Jewish Persecution. ≈ 8 min
  133. § 15. Causes of Roman Persecution. ≈ 10 min
  134. § 16. Condition of the Church before the Reign of Trajan. ≈ 3 min
  135. § 17. Trajan. a.d. 98–117—Christianity Forbidden—Martyrdom of Symeon of Jerusalem, and Ignatius of Antioch. ≈ 12 min
  136. § 18. Hadrian. a.d. 117–138. ≈ 3 min
  137. § 19 Antoninus Pius. a.d. 137–161. The Martyrdom of Polycarp. ≈ 6 min
  138. § 20. Persecutions under Marcus Aurelius. a.d. 161–180. ≈ 11 min
  139. § 21. Condition of the Church from Septimius Severus to Philip the Arabian. a.d. 193–249. ≈ 8 min
  140. § 22. Persecutions under Decius, and Valerian. a.d. 249–260. Martyrdom of Cyprian. ≈ 8 min
  141. § 23. Temporary Repose. a.d. 260–303. ≈ 1 min
  142. § 24. The Diocletian Persecution, a.d. 303–311. ≈ 16 min
  143. § 25. The Edicts of Toleration. a.d. 311–313. ≈ 8 min
  144. § 26. Christian Martyrdom. ≈ 21 min
  145. § 27. Rise of the Worship of Martyrs and Relics. ≈ 27 min
  146. § 28. Literature. ≈ 3 min
  147. § 29. Literary Opposition to Christianity. ≈ 2 min
  148. § 30. Jewish Opposition. Josephus and the Talmud. ≈ 2 min
  149. § 31. Pagan Opposition. Tacitus and Pliny. ≈ 4 min
  150. § 32. Direct Assaults. Celsus. ≈ 9 min
  151. § 33. Lucian. ≈ 5 min
  152. § 34. Neo-Platonism. ≈ 12 min
  153. § 35. Porphyry and Hierocles ≈ 5 min
  154. § 36. Summary of the Objections to Christianity. ≈ 2 min
  155. § 37. The Apologetic Literature of Christianity. ≈ 7 min
  156. § 38. The Argument against Judaism. ≈ 6 min
  157. § 39. The Defense against Heathenism. ≈ 12 min
  158. § 40. The Positive Apology. ≈ 27 min
  159. CHAPTER IV. ORGANIZATION AND DISCIPLINE OF THE CHURCH. ≈ 1 min
  160. § 41. Progress in Consolidation. ≈ 4 min
  161. § 42. Clergy and Laity. ≈ 15 min
  162. § 43. New Church Officers. ≈ 3 min
  163. § 44. Origin of the Episcopate. ≈ 24 min
  164. § 45. Development of the Episcopate. Ignatius. ≈ 10 min
  165. § 46. Episcopacy at the time of Irenaeus and Tertullian. ≈ 2 min
  166. § 47. Cyprianic Episcopacy. ≈ 3 min
  167. § 48. The Pseudo-Clementine Episcopacy. ≈ 2 min
  168. § 49. Beginnings of the Metropolitan and Patriarchal Systems ≈ 3 min
  169. § 50. Germs of the Papacy. ≈ 21 min
  170. § 51. Chronology of the Popes. ≈ 7 min
  171. § 52. List of the Roman Bishops and Roman Emperors during the First Three Centuries. ≈ 4 min
  172. § 53. The Catholic Unity. ≈ 19 min
  173. § 54. Councils. ≈ 8 min
  174. § 55. The Councils of Elvira, Arles, and Ancyra. ≈ 8 min
  175. § 56. Collections of Ecclesiastical Law. The Apostolical Constitutions and Canons. ≈ 11 min
  176. § 57. Church Discipline. ≈ 12 min
  177. § 58. Church Schisms. ≈ 65 min
  178. CHAPTER V. CHRISTIAN WORSHIP. ≈ 1 min
  179. Section 179 ≈ 1 min
  180. § 59. Places of Common Worship. ≈ 7 min
  181. § 60. The Lord’s Day. ≈ 9 min
  182. § 61. The Christian Passover. (Easter). ≈ 6 min
  183. § 62. The Paschal Controversies. ≈ 29 min
  184. § 63. Pentecost. ≈ 2 min
  185. § 64. The Epiphany ≈ 3 min
  186. § 65. The Order of Public Worship. ≈ 4 min
  187. § 66. Parts of Worship. ≈ 18 min
  188. § 67. Division of Divine Service. The Disciplina Arcani. ≈ 7 min
  189. § 68. Celebration of the Eucharist. ≈ 11 min
  190. § 69. The Doctrine of the Eucharist. ≈ 13 min
  191. § 70. The Celebration of Baptism. ≈ 9 min
  192. § 71. The Doctrine of Baptism. ≈ 7 min
  193. § 72. Catechetical Instruction and Confirmation. ≈ 5 min
  194. § 73. Infant Baptism. ≈ 9 min
  195. § 74. Heretical Baptism. ≈ 73 min
  196. § 75. Literature. ≈ 2 min
  197. § 76. Origin of Christian Art. ≈ 6 min
  198. § 77. The Cross and the Crucifix. ≈ 9 min
  199. § 78. Other Christian Symbols. ≈ 2 min
  200. § 79 Historical and Allegorical Pictures ≈ 6 min
  201. § 80. Allegorical Representations of Christ. ≈ 8 min
  202. § 81. Pictures of the Virgin Mary. ≈ 23 min
  203. § 82. Literature. ≈ 8 min
  204. § 83. Origin and History of the Catacomb. ≈ 12 min
  205. § 84. Description of the Catacombs. ≈ 8 min
  206. § 85. Pictures and Sculptures. ≈ 3 min
  207. § 86. Epitaphs. ≈ 14 min
  208. § 87. Lessons of the Catacombs. ≈ 32 min
  209. CHAPTER VIII. CHRISTIAN LIFE IN CONTRAST WITH PAGAN CORRUPTION. ≈ 1 min
  210. § 88. Literature. ≈ 3 min
  211. § 89. Moral Corruption of the Roman Empire. ≈ 15 min
  212. § 90. Stoic Morality ≈ 5 min
  213. § 91. Epictetus. ≈ 11 min
  214. § 92. Marcus Aurelius. ≈ 11 min
  215. § 93. Plutarch. ≈ 10 min
  216. § 94. Christian Morality. ≈ 11 min
  217. § 95. The Church and Public Amusements. ≈ 13 min
  218. § 96. Secular Callings and Civil Duties. ≈ 9 min
  219. § 97. The Church and Slavery. ≈ 18 min
  220. § 98. The Heathen Family. ≈ 14 min
  221. § 99. The Christian Family. ≈ 21 min
  222. § 100. Brotherly Love, and Love for Enemies. ≈ 17 min
  223. § 101. Prayer and Fasting. ≈ 9 min
  224. § 102. Treatment of the Dead ≈ 10 min
  225. § 103. Summary of Moral Reforms. ≈ 43 min
  226. § 104. Ascetic Virtue and Piety. ≈ 11 min
  227. § 105. Heretical and Catholic Asceticism. ≈ 9 min
  228. § 106. Voluntary Poverty. ≈ 2 min
  229. § 107. Voluntary Celibacy. ≈ 15 min
  230. § 108. Celibacy of the Clergy. ≈ 44 min
  231. § 109. Literature. ≈ 6 min
  232. § 110. External History of Montanism. ≈ 9 min
  233. § 111. Character and Tenets of Montanism. ≈ 20 min
  234. CHAPTER XI. THE HERESIES OF THE ANTE-NICENE AGE. ≈ 1 min
  235. § 112. Judaism and Heathenism within the Church. ≈ 6 min
  236. § 113. Nazarenes and Ebionites (Elkesaites, Mandoeans). ≈ 11 min
  237. § 114. The Pseudo-Clementine Ebionism. ≈ 20 min
  238. § 115. Gnosticism. The Literature. ≈ 6 min
  239. § 116. Meaning, Origin and Character of Gnosticism. ≈ 12 min
  240. § 117. The System of Gnosticism. Its Theology. ≈ 18 min
  241. § 118. Ethics of Gnosticism. ≈ 3 min
  242. § 119. Cultus and Organization. ≈ 3 min
  243. § 120. Schools of Gnosticism. ≈ 3 min
  244. § 121. Simon Magus and the Simonians. ≈ 5 min
  245. § 122. The Nicolaitans. ≈ 2 min
  246. § 123. Cerinthus. ≈ 4 min
  247. § 124. Basilides. ≈ 11 min
  248. § 125. Valentinus. ≈ 17 min
  249. § 126. The School of Valentinus. Heracleon, Ptolemy, Marcos, Bardesanes, Harmonius. ≈ 7 min
  250. § 127. Marcion and his School. ≈ 12 min
  251. § 128. The Ophites. The Sethites. The Peratae. The Cainites ≈ 7 min
  252. § 129. Saturninus (Satornilos). ≈ 2 min
  253. § 130. Carpocrates. ≈ 3 min
  254. § 131. Tatian and the Encratites. ≈ 6 min
  255. § 132. Justin the Gnostic. ≈ 2 min
  256. § 133. Hermogenes. ≈ 2 min
  257. § 134. Other Gnostic Sects. ≈ 2 min
  258. § 135. Mani and the Manichaeans. ≈ 14 min
  259. § 136. The Manichaean System. ≈ 52 min
  260. CHAPTER XII. THE DEVELOPMENT OF CATHOLIC THEOLOGY IN CONFLICT WITH HERESY. ≈ 1 min
  261. § 137. Catholic Orthodoxy. ≈ 22 min
  262. § 138. The Holy Scriptures and the Canon. ≈ 26 min
  263. § 139. Catholic Tradition. ≈ 8 min
  264. § 140. The Rule of Faith and the Apostles’ Creed. ≈ 12 min
  265. § 141. Variations of the Apostles’ Creed. ≈ 15 min
  266. § 142. God and the Creation. ≈ 9 min
  267. § 143. Man and the Fall. ≈ 5 min
  268. § 144. Christ and the Incarnation. ≈ 10 min
  269. § 145. The Divinity of Christ. ≈ 16 min
  270. § 146. The Humanity of Christ. ≈ 8 min
  271. § 147. The Relation of the Divine and the Human in Christ. ≈ 3 min
  272. § 148. The Holy Spirit. ≈ 10 min
  273. § 149. The Holy Trinity. ≈ 16 min
  274. § 150. Antitrinitarians. First Class: The Alogi, Theodotus, Artemon, Paul of Samosata. ≈ 9 min
  275. § 151. Second Class of Antitrinitarians: Praxeas, Noëtus, Callistus, Berryllus. ≈ 8 min
  276. § 152. Sabellianism. ≈ 6 min
  277. § 153. Redemption. ≈ 14 min
  278. § 154. Other Doctrines. ≈ 2 min
  279. § 155. Eschatology. Immortality and Resurrection. ≈ 24 min
  280. § 156. Between Death and Resurrection. ≈ 14 min
  281. § 157. After Judgment. Future Punishment. ≈ 10 min
  282. § 158. Chiliasm. ≈ 98 min
  283. CHAPTER XIII. ECCLESIASTICAL LITERATURE OF THE ANTE-NICENE AGE, AND BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF THE CHURCH-FATHERS. ≈ 2 min
  284. § 159. Literature. ≈ 13 min
  285. § 160. A General Estimate of the Fathers. ≈ 15 min
  286. § 161. The Apostolic Fathers. ≈ 12 min
  287. § 162. Clement of Rome. ≈ 21 min
  288. § 163. The Pseudo-Clementine Works. ≈ 5 min
  289. § 164. Ignatius of Antioch. ≈ 23 min
  290. § 165. The Ignatian Controversy. ≈ 14 min
  291. § 166. Polycarp of Smyrna. ≈ 20 min
  292. § 167. Barnabas. ≈ 15 min
  293. § 168. Hermas. ≈ 37 min
  294. § 169. Papias. ≈ 14 min
  295. § 170. The Epistle to Diognetus. ≈ 10 min
  296. § 171. Sixtus of Rome. ≈ 14 min
  297. § 172. The Apologists. Quadratus and Aristides. ≈ 5 min
  298. § 173. Justin the Philosopher and Martyr. ≈ 38 min
  299. § 174. The Other Greek Apologists. Tatian. ≈ 11 min
  300. § 175. Athenagoras. ≈ 5 min
  301. § 176. Theophilus of Antioch. ≈ 9 min
  302. § 177. Melito of Sardis. ≈ 7 min
  303. § 178. Apolinarius of Hierapolis. Miltiades. ≈ 2 min
  304. § 179. Hermias. ≈ 3 min
  305. § 180. Hegesippus. ≈ 6 min
  306. § 181. Dionysius of Corinth. ≈ 3 min
  307. § 182. Irenaeus ≈ 23 min
  308. § 183. Hippolytus. ≈ 48 min
  309. § 184. Caius of Rome. ≈ 5 min
  310. § 185. The Alexandrian School of Theology. ≈ 10 min
  311. § 186. Clement of Alexandria. ≈ 10 min
  312. § 187. Origen. ≈ 19 min
  313. § 188. The Works of Origen. ≈ 8 min
  314. § 189. Gregory Thaumaturgus. ≈ 11 min
  315. § 190. Dionysius the Great. ≈ 7 min
  316. § 191. Julius Africanus. ≈ 6 min
  317. § 192. Minor Divines of the Greek Church. ≈ 6 min
  318. § 193. Opponents of Origen. Methodius ≈ 8 min
  319. § 194. Lucian of Antioch. ≈ 6 min
  320. § 195. The Antiochian School. ≈ 6 min
  321. § 196. Tertullian and the African School. ≈ 26 min
  322. § 197. The Writings of Tertullian. ≈ 16 min
  323. § 198.s Minucius Felix. ≈ 18 min
  324. § 199. Cyprian. ≈ 20 min
  325. § 200. Novatian. ≈ 9 min
  326. § 201. Commodian. ≈ 7 min
  327. § 202. Arnobius. ≈ 12 min
  328. § 203. Victorinus of Petau. ≈ 7 min
  329. § 204. Eusebius, Lactantius, Hosius. ≈ 184 min
  330. Volume 3 – THE CHURCH IN UNION WITH THE ROMAN EMPIRE ≈ 1 min
  331. PREFACE TO THE THIRD REVISION ≈ 1 min
  332. PREFACE ≈ 7 min
  333. Sources. ≈ 10 min
  334. § 1. Introduction and General View. ≈ 16 min
  335. General Literature. ≈ 1 min
  336. § 2. Constantine The Great. a.d. 306–337. ≈ 56 min
  337. § 3. The Sons of Constantine. a.d. 337–361. ≈ 5 min
  338. § 4. Julian the Apostate, and the Reaction of Paganism. a.d. 361–363. ≈ 45 min
  339. § 5. From Jovian to Theodosius. a.d. 363–392. ≈ 9 min
  340. § 6. Theodosius the Great and his Successors. a.d. 392–550. ≈ 10 min
  341. § 7. The Downfall of Heathenism. ≈ 67 min
  342. § 8. Heathen Polemics. New Objections. ≈ 7 min
  343. § 9. Julian’s Attack upon Christianity. ≈ 12 min
  344. § 10. The Heathen Apologetic Literature. ≈ 4 min
  345. § 11. Christian Apologists and Polemics. ≈ 10 min
  346. § 12. Augustine’s City of God. Salvianus. ≈ 20 min
  347. CHAPTER III. ALLIANCE OF CHURCH AND STATE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON PUBLIC MORALS AND RELIGION. ≈ 1 min
  348. Sources. ≈ 2 min
  349. § 13. The New Position of the Church in the Empire. ≈ 11 min
  350. § 14. Rights and Privileges of the Church. Secular Advantages. ≈ 10 min
  351. § 15. Support of the Clergy. ≈ 5 min
  352. § 16. Episcopal Jurisdiction and Intercession. ≈ 7 min
  353. § 17. Legal Sanction of Sunday. ≈ 3 min
  354. § 18. Influence of Christianity on Civil Legislation. The Justinian Code. ≈ 11 min
  355. § 19. Elevation of Woman and the Family. ≈ 6 min
  356. § 20. Social Reforms. The Institution of Slavery. ≈ 18 min
  357. § 21. Abolition of Gladiatorial Shows. ≈ 6 min
  358. § 22. Evils of the Union of Church and State. Secularization of the Church. ≈ 4 min
  359. § 23. Worldliness and Extravagance. ≈ 5 min
  360. § 24. Byzantine Court Christianity. ≈ 6 min
  361. § 25. Intrusion of Politics into Religion. ≈ 4 min
  362. § 26. The Emperor-Papacy and the Hierarchy. ≈ 12 min
  363. § 27. Restriction of Religious Freedom, and Beginnings of Persecution of Heretics. ≈ 63 min
  364. CHAPTER IV. THE RISE AND PROGRESS OF MONASTICISM. ≈ 1 min
  365. Sources. ≈ 5 min
  366. § 28. Origin of Christian Monasticism. Comparison with other forms of Asceticism. ≈ 17 min
  367. § 29. Development of Monasticism. ≈ 6 min
  368. § 30. Nature and Aim of Monasticism. ≈ 5 min
  369. § 31. Monasticism and the Bible. ≈ 6 min
  370. § 32. Lights and Shades of Monastic Life. ≈ 25 min
  371. § 33. Position of Monks in the Church. ≈ 3 min
  372. § 34. Influence and Effect of Monasticism. ≈ 11 min
  373. § 35. Paul of Thebes and St. Anthony. ≈ 27 min
  374. § 36. Spread of Anchoretism. Hilarion. ≈ 6 min
  375. § 37. St. Symeon and the Pillar Saints. ≈ 11 min
  376. § 38. Pachomius and the Cloister life. ≈ 8 min
  377. § 39. Fanatical and Heretical Monastic Societies in The East. ≈ 3 min
  378. § 40. Monasticism in the West. Athanasius, Ambrose, Augustine, Martin of Tours. ≈ 11 min
  379. § 41. St. Jerome as a Monk. ≈ 21 min
  380. § 42. St. Paula. ≈ 5 min
  381. § 43. Benedict of Nursia. ≈ 7 min
  382. § 44. The Rule of St. Benedict. ≈ 10 min
  383. § 45. The Benedictines. Cassiodorus. ≈ 5 min
  384. § 46. Opposition to Monasticism. Jovinian. ≈ 12 min
  385. § 47. Helvidius, Vigilantius, and Aerius. ≈ 65 min
  386. CHAPTER V. THE HIERARCHY AND POLITY OF THE CHURCH. ≈ 1 min
  387. § 48. Schools of the Clergy. ≈ 11 min
  388. § 49. Clergy and Laity. Elections. ≈ 8 min
  389. § 50. Marriage and Celibacy of the Clergy. ≈ 19 min
  390. § 51. Moral Character of the Clergy in general. ≈ 15 min
  391. § 52. The Lower Clergy. ≈ 13 min
  392. § 53. The Bishops. ≈ 9 min
  393. § 54. Organization of the Hierarchy: Country Bishop, City Bishops, and Metropolitans. ≈ 9 min
  394. § 55. The Patriarchs. ≈ 7 min
  395. § 56. Synodical Legislation on the Patriarchal Power and Jurisdiction. ≈ 23 min
  396. § 57. The Rival Patriarchs of Old and New Rome. ≈ 10 min
  397. § 58. The Latin Patriarch. ≈ 10 min
  398. § 59. Conflicts and Conquests of the Latin Patriarchate. ≈ 15 min
  399. § 60. The Papacy. ≈ 6 min
  400. § 61. Opinions of the Fathers. ≈ 17 min
  401. § 62. The Decrees of Councils on the Papal Authority. ≈ 9 min
  402. § 63. Leo the Great. a.d. 440–461. ≈ 21 min
  403. § 64. The Papacy from Leo I to Gregory I. a.d. 461–590. ≈ 17 min
  404. § 65. The Synodical System. The Ecumenical Councils. ≈ 44 min
  405. § 66. List of the Ecumenical Councils of the Ancient Church, ≈ 10 min
  406. § 67. Books of Ecclesiastical Law. ≈ 101 min
  407. § 68. Decline of Discipline. ≈ 9 min
  408. § 69. The Donatist Schism. External History. ≈ 9 min
  409. § 70. Augustine and the Donatists. Their Persecution and Extinction. ≈ 4 min
  410. § 71. Internal History of the Donatist Schism. Dogma of the Church. ≈ 11 min
  411. § 72. The Roman Schism of Damasus and Ursinus. ≈ 4 min
  412. § 73. The Meletian Schism at Antioch. ≈ 18 min
  413. CHAPTER VII. PUBLIC WORSHIP AND RELIGIOUS CUSTOMS AND CEREMONIES. ≈ 1 min
  414. § 74. The Revolution in Cultus. ≈ 8 min
  415. § 75. The Civil and Religious Sunday. ≈ 19 min
  416. § 76. The Church Year. ≈ 20 min
  417. § 77. The Christmas Cycle. ≈ 14 min
  418. § 78. The Easter Cycle. ≈ 8 min
  419. § 79. The Time of the Easter Festival. ≈ 8 min
  420. § 80. The Cycle of Pentecost. ≈ 6 min
  421. § 81. The Exaltation of the Virgin Mariology. ≈ 23 min
  422. § 82. Mariolatry. ≈ 8 min
  423. § 83. The Festivals of Mary. ≈ 6 min
  424. § 84. The Worship of Martyrs and Saints. ≈ 34 min
  425. § 85. Festivals of the Saints. ≈ 6 min
  426. § 86. The Christian Calendar. The Legends of the Saints. The Acta Sanctorum. ≈ 9 min
  427. § 87. Worship of Relics. Dogma of the Resurrection. Miracles of Relics. ≈ 24 min
  428. § 88. Observations on the Miracles of the Nicene Age. ≈ 9 min
  429. § 89. Processions and Pilgrimages. ≈ 8 min
  430. § 90. Public Worship of the Lord’s Day. Scripture-Reading and Preaching. ≈ 11 min
  431. § 91. The Sacraments in General. ≈ 12 min
  432. § 92. Baptism. ≈ 17 min
  433. § 93. Confirmation. ≈ 3 min
  434. § 94. Ordination. ≈ 4 min
  435. § 95. The Sacrament of the Eucharist. ≈ 24 min
  436. § 96. The Sacrifice of the Eucharist. ≈ 20 min
  437. § 97. The Celebration o f the Eucharist. ≈ 14 min
  438. § 98. The Liturgies. Their Origin and Contents. ≈ 17 min
  439. § 99. The Oriental Liturgies. ≈ 9 min
  440. § 100. The Occidental Liturgies. ≈ 7 min
  441. § 101. Liturgical Vestments. ≈ 167 min
  442. § 102. Religion and Art. ≈ 6 min
  443. § 103. Church Architecture. ≈ 7 min
  444. § 104. The Consecration of Churches. ≈ 4 min
  445. § 105. Interior Arrangement of Churches. ≈ 12 min
  446. § 106. Architectural Style. The Basilicas. ≈ 9 min
  447. § 107. The Byzantine Style. ≈ 8 min
  448. § 108. Baptisteries, Grave-Chapels, and Crypts. ≈ 4 min
  449. § 109. Crosses and Crucifixes. ≈ 5 min
  450. § 110. Images of Christ. ≈ 20 min
  451. § 111. Images of Madonna and Saints. ≈ 7 min
  452. § 112. Consecrated Gifts. ≈ 3 min
  453. § 113. Church Poetry and Music. ≈ 8 min
  454. § 114. The Poetry of the Oriental Church. ≈ 12 min
  455. § 115. The Latin Hymn. ≈ 9 min
  456. § 116. The Latin Poets and Hymns. ≈ 70 min
  457. CHAPTER IX. THEOLOGICAL CONTROVERSIES, AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECUMENICAL ORTHODOXY. ≈ 3 min
  458. § 117. General Observations. Doctrinal Importance of the Period. Influence of the Ancient Philosophy. ≈ 14 min
  459. § 118. Sources of Theology. Scripture and Tradition. ≈ 22 min
  460. I. – Trinitarian Controversies. ≈ 6 min
  461. § 119. The Arian Controversy down to the Council of Nicaea, 318–325. ≈ 10 min
  462. § 120. The Council of Nicaea, 325. ≈ 24 min
  463. § 121. The Arian and Semi-Arian Reaction, a.d. 325–361. ≈ 14 min
  464. § 122. The Final Victory of Orthodoxy, and the Council of Constantinople, 381. ≈ 7 min
  465. § 123. The Theological Principles involved: Import of the Controversy. ≈ 7 min
  466. § 124. Arianism. ≈ 10 min
  467. § 125. Semi-Arianism. ≈ 3 min
  468. § 126. Revived Sabellianism. Marcellus and Photinus. ≈ 7 min
  469. § 127. The Nicene Doctrine of the Consubstantiality of the Son with the Father. ≈ 17 min
  470. § 128. The Doctrine of the Holy Spirit. ≈ 8 min
  471. § 129. The Nicene and Constantinopolitan Creed. ≈ 9 min
  472. § 130. The Nicene, Doctrine of the Trinity. The Trinitarian Terminology. ≈ 21 min
  473. § 131. The Post-Nicene Trinitarian Doctrine of Augustine. ≈ 10 min
  474. § 132. The Athanasian Creed. ≈ 16 min
  475. II. The Origenistic Controversies. ≈ 2 min
  476. § 133. The Orgenistic Controversy in Palestine. Epiphanius, Rufinus, and Jerome, a.d. 394–399. ≈ 9 min
  477. § 134. The Origenistic Controversy in Egypt and Constantinople. Theophilus and Chrysostom a.d. 399–407. ≈ 7 min
  478. § 135. General View. Alexandrian and Antiochian Schools. ≈ 7 min
  479. § 136. The Apollinarian Heresy, a.d. 362–381. ≈ 14 min
  480. § 137. The Nestorian Controversy, a.d. 428–431. ≈ 21 min
  481. § 138. The Ecumenical Council of Ephesus, a.d. 431. The Compromise. ≈ 15 min
  482. § 139. The Nestorians. ≈ 8 min
  483. § 140. The Eutychian Controversy. The Council of Robbers, a.d. 449. ≈ 13 min
  484. § 141. The Ecumenical Council of Chalcedon, A.D. 451. ≈ 15 min
  485. § 142. The Orthodox Christology—Analysis and Criticism. ≈ 24 min
  486. § 143. The Monophysite Controversies. ≈ 14 min
  487. § 144. The Three, Chapters, and the Fifth Ecumenical Council, A.D. 553. ≈ 10 min
  488. § 145. The Monophysite Sects: Jacobites, Copts, Abyssinians, Armenians, Maronites. ≈ 24 min
  489. IV. The Anthropological Controversies. ≈ 6 min
  490. § 146. Character of the Pelagian Controversy. ≈ 13 min
  491. § 147. External History of the Pelagian Controversy, A.D. 411–431. ≈ 7 min
  492. § 148. The Pelagian Controversy in Palestine. ≈ 6 min
  493. § 149. Position of the Roman Church. Condemnation of Pelagianism. ≈ 10 min
  494. § 150. The Pelagian System: Primitive State and Freedom of Man; the Fall. ≈ 14 min
  495. § 151. The Pelagian System Continued: Doctrine, of Human Ability and Divine Grace. ≈ 14 min
  496. § 152. The Augustinian System: The Primitive State of Man, and Free Will. ≈ 13 min
  497. § 153. The Augustinian System: The Fall and its Consequences. ≈ 14 min
  498. § 154. The Augustinian System: Original Sin, and the Origin of the Human Soul. ≈ 8 min
  499. § 155. Arguments for the Doctrine of Original Sin and Hereditary Guilt. ≈ 8 min
  500. § 156. Answers to Pelagian Objections. ≈ 13 min
  501. § 157. Augustine’s Doctrine of Redeeming Grace. ≈ 16 min
  502. § 158. The Doctrine of Predestination. ≈ 13 min
  503. § 159. Semi-Pelagianism. ≈ 18 min
  504. § 160. Victory of Semi-Augustinianism. Council of Orange, A.D. 529. ≈ 299 min
  505. CHAPTER X. CHURCH FATHERS, AND THEOLOGICAL LITERATURE. ≈ 1 min
  506. § 161. Eusebius of C sarea. ≈ 18 min
  507. § 162. The Church Historians after Eusebius. ≈ 11 min
  508. § 163. Athanasius the Great. ≈ 21 min
  509. § 164. Basil the Great. ≈ 26 min
  510. § 165. Gregory of Nyssa. ≈ 13 min
  511. § 166. Gregory Nazianzen. ≈ 33 min
  512. § 167. Didymus of Alexandria. ≈ 3 min
  513. § 168. Cyril of Jerusalem. ≈ 6 min
  514. § 169. Epiphanius. ≈ 13 min
  515. § 170. John Chrysostom. ≈ 21 min
  516. § 171. Cyril of Alexandria. ≈ 15 min
  517. § 172. Ephraem the Syrian. ≈ 11 min
  518. § 173. Lactantius. ≈ 8 min
  519. § 174. Hilary of Poitiers. ≈ 6 min
  520. § 175. Ambrose. ≈ 16 min
  521. § 176. Jerome as a Divine and Scholar. ≈ 10 min
  522. § 177. The Works of Jerome. ≈ 28 min
  523. § 178. Augustine. ≈ 31 min
  524. § 179. The Works of Augustine. ≈ 27 min
  525. § 180. The Influence of Augustine upon Posterity and his Relation to Catholicism and Protestantism. ≈ 185 min
  526. LIST OF POPES AND EMPERORS ≈ 27 min
  527. APPENDIX TO THE REVISED EDITION, 1884. ≈ 33 min
  528. Volume 4 – MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIANITY ≈ 1 min
  529. § 1. Sources and Literature. ≈ 12 min
  530. § 2. The Middle Age. Limits and General Character. ≈ 6 min
  531. § 3. The Nations of Mediaeval Christianity. The Kelt, the Teuton, and the Slav. ≈ 9 min
  532. § 4. Genius of Mediaeval Christianity. ≈ 7 min
  533. § 5. Periods of the Middle Age. ≈ 6 min
  534. CHAPTER II. CONVERSION OF THE NORTHERN AND WESTERN BARBARIANS ≈ 2 min
  535. § 6. Character of Mediaeval Missions. ≈ 5 min
  536. § 7. Literature. ≈ 8 min
  537. § 8. The Britons. ≈ 11 min
  538. § 9. The Anglo-Saxons. ≈ 6 min
  539. § 10. The Mission of Gregory and Augustin. Conversion of Kent, a.d. 595–604. ≈ 11 min
  540. § 11. Antagonism of the Saxon and British Clergy. ≈ 5 min
  541. § 12. Conversion of the Other Kingdoms of the Heptarchy. ≈ 4 min
  542. § 13. Conformity to Row Established. Wilfrid, Theodore, Bede. ≈ 9 min
  543. § 14. The Conversion of Ireland. St. Patrick and St. Bridget. ≈ 24 min
  544. § 15. The Irish Church after St. Patrick. ≈ 12 min
  545. § 16. Subjection of Ireland to English and Roman Rule. ≈ 6 min
  546. § 17. The Conversion of Scotland. St. Ninian and St. Kentigern. ≈ 8 min
  547. § 18. St. Columba and the Monastery of Iona. ≈ 15 min
  548. § 19. The Culdees. ≈ 6 min
  549. § 20. Extinction of the Keltic Church, and Triumph of Rome under King David I. ≈ 5 min
  550. II. THE CONVERSION OF FRANCE, GERMANY, AND ADJACENT COUNTRIES. ≈ 2 min
  551. § 21. Arian Christianity among the Goths and other German Tribes. ≈ 6 min
  552. § 22. Conversion of Clovis and the Franks. ≈ 10 min
  553. § 23. Columbanus and the Irish Missionaries on the Continent. ≈ 12 min
  554. § 24. German Missionaries before Boniface. ≈ 7 min
  555. § 25. Boniface, the Apostle of Germany. ≈ 21 min
  556. § 26. The Pupils of Boniface. Willibald, Gregory of Utrecht, Sturm of Fulda. ≈ 5 min
  557. § 27. The Conversion of the Saxons. Charlemagne and Alcuin. The Heliand, and the Gospel-Harmony. ≈ 8 min
  558. III. THE CONVERSION 0F SCANDINAVIA. ≈ 1 min
  559. § 28. Scandinavian Heathenism. ≈ 9 min
  560. § 29. The Christianization of Denmark. St. Ansgar. ≈ 20 min
  561. § 30. The Christianization of Sweden. ≈ 7 min
  562. § 31. The Christianization of Norway and Iceland. ≈ 10 min
  563. § 32. General Survey. ≈ 4 min
  564. § 33. Christian Missions among the Wends. ≈ 5 min
  565. § 34. Cyrillus and Methodius, the Apostles of the Slavs. Christianization of Moravia, Bohemia and Poland. ≈ 14 min
  566. § 35. The Conversion of the Bulgarians. ≈ 4 min
  567. § 36. The Conversion of the Magyars. ≈ 7 min
  568. § 37. The Christianization of Russia. ≈ 62 min
  569. § 38. Literature. ≈ 15 min
  570. § 39. Statistics and Chronological Table. ≈ 5 min
  571. § 40. Position of Mohammedanism in Church History. ≈ 13 min
  572. § 41. The Home, and the Antecedents of Islâm. ≈ 12 min
  573. § 42. Life and Character of Mohammed. ≈ 26 min
  574. § 43. The Conquests of Islâm. ≈ 8 min
  575. § 44. The Koran, and the Bible. ≈ 20 min
  576. § 45. The Mohammedan Religion. ≈ 14 min
  577. § 46. Mohammedan Worship. ≈ 10 min
  578. § 47. Christian Polemics against Mohammedanism. Note on Mormonism. ≈ 51 min
  579. CHAPTER IV. THE PAPAL HIERARCHY AND THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE. ≈ 2 min
  580. § 48. General Literature on the Papacy. ≈ 6 min
  581. § 49. Chronological Table of the Popes, Anti-Popes, and Roman Emperors from Gregory I. to Leo XIII. ≈ 11 min
  582. § 50. Gregory the Great. a.d. 590–604. ≈ 23 min
  583. § 51. Gregory and the Universal Episcopate. ≈ 15 min
  584. § 52. The Writings of Gregory. ≈ 11 min
  585. § 53. The Papacy from Gregory I to Gregory II a.d. 604–715. ≈ 3 min
  586. § 54. From Gregory II to Zacharias. a.d. 715–741. ≈ 3 min
  587. § 55. Alliance of the Papacy with the New Monarchy of the Franks. Pepin and the Patrimony of St. Peter. a.d. 741–755. ≈ 9 min
  588. § 56. Charles the Great. a.d. 768–814. ≈ 38 min
  589. § 57. Founding of the Holy Roman Empire, a.d. 800. Charlemagne and Leo III ≈ 13 min
  590. § 58. Survey of the History of the Holy Roman Empire. ≈ 20 min
  591. § 59. The Papacy and the Empire from the Death of Charlemagne to Nicolas I a.d. 814–858). Note on the Myth of the Papess ≈ 8 min
  592. § 60. The Pseudo-Isidorian Decretals. ≈ 14 min
  593. § 61. Nicolas I., April, 858-Nov. 13, 867. ≈ 9 min
  594. § 62. Hadrian II. and John VIII a.d. 867 to 882. ≈ 6 min
  595. § 63. The Degradation of the Papacy in the Tenth Century. ≈ 18 min
  596. § 64. The Interference of Otho the Great. ≈ 12 min
  597. § 65. The Second Degradation of the Papacy from Otho I to Henry III. a.d. 973–1046. ≈ 14 min
  598. § 66. Henry III and the Synod of Sutri. Deposition of three rival Popes. a.d. 1046. ≈ 54 min
  599. § 67. Sources and Literature. ≈ 6 min
  600. § 68. The Consensus and Dissensus between the Greek and Latin Churches. ≈ 9 min
  601. § 69. The Causes of Separation. ≈ 7 min
  602. § 70. The Patriarch and the Pope. Photius and Nicolas. ≈ 13 min
  603. § 71. Progress and Completion of the Schism. Cerularius. ≈ 8 min
  604. § 72. Fruitless Attempts at Reunion. ≈ 15 min
  605. § 73. Literature. ≈ 3 min
  606. § 74. General Character of Mediaeval Morals. ≈ 7 min
  607. § 75. Clerical Morals. ≈ 6 min
  608. § 76. Domestic Life. ≈ 3 min
  609. § 77. Slavery. ≈ 11 min
  610. § 78. Feuds and Private Wars. The Truce of God. ≈ 5 min
  611. § 79. The Ordeal. ≈ 13 min
  612. § 80. The Torture. ≈ 18 min
  613. § 81. Christian Charity. ≈ 43 min
  614. § 82. Use of Convents in the Middle Ages. ≈ 3 min
  615. § 83. St. Benedict. St. Nilus. St. Romuald. ≈ 6 min
  616. § 84. The Convent of Cluny. ≈ 12 min
  617. § 85. The Penitential Books. ≈ 14 min
  618. § 86. Ecclesiastical Punishments. Excommunication, Anathema, Interdict. ≈ 9 min
  619. § 87. Penance and Indulgence. ≈ 20 min
  620. § 88. Legislation. ≈ 5 min
  621. § 89. The Roman Law. ≈ 6 min
  622. § 90. The Capitularies of Charlemagne. ≈ 6 min
  623. § 91. English Legislation. ≈ 12 min
  624. CHAPTER X. WORSHIP AND CEREMONIES. ≈ 1 min
  625. § 92. The Mass. ≈ 5 min
  626. § 93. The Sermon. ≈ 5 min
  627. § 94. Church Poetry. Greek Hymns and Hymnists. ≈ 21 min
  628. § 95. Latin Hymnody. Literature. ≈ 15 min
  629. § 96. Latin Hymns and Hymnists. ≈ 29 min
  630. § 97. The Seven Sacraments. ≈ 5 min
  631. § 98. The Organ and the Bell. ≈ 5 min
  632. § 99. The Worship of Saints. ≈ 10 min
  633. § 100. The Worship of Images. Literature. Different Theories. ≈ 20 min
  634. § 101. The Iconoclastic War, and the Synod of 754. ≈ 10 min
  635. § 102. The Restoration of Image-Worship by the Seventh Oecumenical Council, 787. ≈ 11 min
  636. § 103. Iconoclastic Reaction, and Final Triumph of Image-Worship, a.d. 842. ≈ 4 min
  637. § 104. The Caroline Books and the Frankish Church on Image-Worship. ≈ 10 min
  638. § 105. Evangelical Reformers. Agobardus of Lyons, and Claudius of Turin. ≈ 75 min
  639. CHAPTER XI. DOCTRINAL CONTROVERSIES. ≈ 1 min
  640. § 106. General Survey. ≈ 2 min
  641. § 107. The Controversy on the Procession of the Holy Spirit. ≈ 14 min
  642. § 108. The Arguments for and against the Filioque. ≈ 10 min
  643. § 109. The Monotheletic Controversy. ≈ 2 min
  644. § 110. The Doctrine of Two Wills in Christ. ≈ 9 min
  645. § 111. History of Monotheletism and Dyotheletism. ≈ 9 min
  646. § 112. The Sixth Oecumenical Council. a.d. 680. ≈ 4 min
  647. § 113. The Heresy of Honorius. ≈ 14 min
  648. § 114. Concilium Quinisextum. a.d. 692. ≈ 7 min
  649. § 115. Reaction of Monotheletism. The Maronites. ≈ 3 min
  650. § 116. The Adoptionist Controversy. Literature. ≈ 4 min
  651. § 117. History of Adoptionism. ≈ 10 min
  652. § 118. Doctrine of Adoptionism. ≈ 10 min
  653. § 119. The Predestinarian Controversy. ≈ 8 min
  654. § 120. Gottschalk and Babanus Maurus. ≈ 6 min
  655. § 121. Gottschalk and Hincmar. ≈ 3 min
  656. § 122. The Contending Theories on Predestination, and the Victory of Semi-Augustinianism. ≈ 22 min
  657. § 123. The Doctrine of Scotus Erigena. ≈ 9 min
  658. § 124. The Eucharistic Controversies. Literature. ≈ 5 min
  659. § 125. The Two Theories of the Lord’s Supper. ≈ 4 min
  660. § 126. The Theory of Paschasius Radbertus. ≈ 5 min
  661. § 127. The Theory of Ratramnus. ≈ 10 min
  662. § 128. The Berengar Controversy. ≈ 27 min
  663. § 129. Berengar’s Theory of the Lord’s Supper. ≈ 6 min
  664. § 130. Lanfranc and the Triumph of Transubstantiation. ≈ 92 min
  665. § 131. The Paulicians. ≈ 12 min
  666. § 132. The Euchites and other Sects in the East. ≈ 3 min
  667. § 133. The New Manichaeans in the West. ≈ 9 min
  668. § 134. Literature. ≈ 7 min
  669. § 135. Literary Character of the Early Middle Ages. ≈ 2 min
  670. § 136. Learning in the Eastern Church. ≈ 8 min
  671. § 137. Christian Platonism and the Pseudo-Dionysian Writings. ≈ 23 min
  672. § 138. Prevailing Ignorance in the Western Church. ≈ 5 min
  673. § 139. Educational Efforts of the Church. ≈ 22 min
  674. § 140. Patronage of Letters by Charles the Great, and Charles the Bald. ≈ 8 min
  675. § 141. Alfred the Great, and Education in England. ≈ 32 min
  676. CHAPTER XIV. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF ECCLESIASTICAL WRITERS. ≈ 1 min
  677. § 142. Chronological List of the Principal Ecclesiastical Writers from the Sixth to the Twelfth Century. ≈ 2 min
  678. § 143. St. Maximus Confessor. ≈ 9 min
  679. § 144. John of Damascus. ≈ 24 min
  680. § 145. Photius, Patriarch of Constantinople. ≈ 13 min
  681. § 146. Simeon Metaphrastes. ≈ 3 min
  682. § 147. Oecumenius. ≈ 1 min
  683. § 148. Theophylact. ≈ 5 min
  684. § 149. Michael Psellus. ≈ 4 min
  685. § 150. Euthymius Zigabenus. ≈ 2 min
  686. § 151. Eustathius of Thessalonica. ≈ 7 min
  687. § 152. Nicetas Acominatos. ≈ 3 min
  688. § 153. Cassiodorus. ≈ 10 min
  689. § 154. St. Gregory of Tours. ≈ 11 min
  690. § 155. St. Isidore of Seville. ≈ 18 min
  691. § 156. The Venerable Bede (Baeda). ≈ 19 min
  692. § 157. Paul the Deacon. ≈ 9 min
  693. § 158. St. Paulinus of Aquileia. ≈ 7 min
  694. § 159. Alcuin. ≈ 19 min
  695. § 160. St. Liudger. ≈ 10 min
  696. § 161. Theodulph of Orleans. ≈ 9 min
  697. § 162. St. Eigil. ≈ 4 min
  698. § 163. Amalarius. ≈ 8 min
  699. § 164. Einhard. ≈ 11 min
  700. § 165. Smaragdus. ≈ 5 min
  701. § 166. Jonas of Orleans. ≈ 5 min
  702. § 167. Rabanus Maurus. ≈ 34 min
  703. § 168. Haymo. ≈ 2 min
  704. § 169. Walahfrid Strabo. ≈ 9 min
  705. § 170. Florus Magister, of Lyons. ≈ 4 min
  706. § 171. Servatus Lupus. ≈ 11 min
  707. § 172. Druthmar. ≈ 3 min
  708. § 173. St. Paschasius Radbertus. ≈ 12 min
  709. § 174. Patramnus. ≈ 10 min
  710. § 175. Hincmar of Rheims. ≈ 27 min
  711. § 176. Johannes Scotus Erigena. ≈ 32 min
  712. § 177. Anastasius. ≈ 3 min
  713. § 178. Ratherius of Verona. ≈ 4 min
  714. § 179. Gerbert (Sylvester II.). ≈ 9 min
  715. § 180. Fulbert of Chartres. ≈ 5 min
  716. § 181. Rodulfus Glaber. Adam of Bremen. ≈ 4 min
  717. § 182. St. Peter Damiani. ≈ 87 min
  718. Volume 5 – FROM GREGORY VII TO BONIFACE VIII A. D. 1049–1294. ≈ 1 min
  719. PREFACE ≈ 14 min
  720. § 1. General Literature. ≈ 8 min
  721. § 2. Introductory Survey. ≈ 8 min
  722. § 3. Sources and Literature on Chapters I. and II. ≈ 7 min
  723. § 4. Hildebrand and his Training. ≈ 9 min
  724. § 5. Hildebrand and Leo IX. 1049–1054. ≈ 6 min
  725. § 6. Victor II. and Stephen IX. (X.). 1055–1058. ≈ 3 min
  726. § 7. Nicolas II. and the Cardinals. 1059–1061. ≈ 7 min
  727. § 8. The War against Clerical Marriage. ≈ 3 min
  728. § 9. Alexander II. and the Schism of Cadalus. 1061–1073. ≈ 9 min
  729. § 10. Hildebrand elected Pope. His Views on the Situation. ≈ 7 min
  730. § 11. The Gregorian Theocracy. ≈ 19 min
  731. § 12. Gregory VII. as a Moral Reformer. Simony and Clerical Marriage. ≈ 8 min
  732. § 13. The Enforcement of Sacerdotal Celibacy. ≈ 13 min
  733. § 14. The War over Investiture. ≈ 6 min
  734. § 15. Gregory VII. and Henry IV. ≈ 14 min
  735. § 16. Canossa. 1077. ≈ 12 min
  736. § 17. Renewal of the Conflict. Two Kings and Two Popes. ≈ 13 min
  737. § 18. Death of Gregory VII. ≈ 31 min
  738. § 19. Victor III. and Urban II. 1086–1099. ≈ 8 min
  739. § 20. Pascal II. and Henry V. 1099–1118. ≈ 9 min
  740. § 21. The Concordat of Worms. 1122. ≈ 11 min
  741. § 22. The Conflict of the Hierarchy in England. William the Conqueror and Lanfranc. ≈ 17 min
  742. § 23. William Rufus and Anselm. ≈ 8 min
  743. § 24. Anselm and Henry I. ≈ 11 min
  744. CHAPTER IV. THE PAPACY FROM THE CONCORDAT OF WORMS TO INNOCENT III. A.D. 1122–1198. ≈ 1 min
  745. § 25. Innocent II., 1130–1143, and Eugene III., 1145–1153. ≈ 6 min
  746. § 26. Arnold of Brescia. ≈ 12 min
  747. § 27. The Popes and the Hohenstaufen. ≈ 9 min
  748. § 28. Adrian IV. and Frederick Barbarossa. ≈ 10 min
  749. § 29. Alexander III. in Conflict with Barbarossa. ≈ 11 min
  750. § 30. The Peace of Venice. 1177. ≈ 12 min
  751. § 31. Thomas Becket and Henry II of England. ≈ 19 min
  752. § 32. The Archbishop and the King. ≈ 31 min
  753. § 33. The Martyrdom of Thomas Becket. Dec. 29, 1170. ≈ 12 min
  754. § 34. The Effects of Becket’s Murder. ≈ 35 min
  755. § 35. Literature. ≈ 3 min
  756. § 36. Innocent’s Training and Election. ≈ 10 min
  757. § 37. Innocent’s Theory of the Papacy. ≈ 8 min
  758. § 38. Innocent and the German Empire. ≈ 11 min
  759. § 39. Innocent and King John of England. ≈ 15 min
  760. § 40. Innocent and Magna Charta. ≈ 6 min
  761. § 41. The Fourth Lateran Council, 1215. ≈ 25 min
  762. Section 762 ≈ 4 min
  763. § 42. The Papal Conflict with Frederick II Begun. ≈ 7 min
  764. § 43. Gregory IX. and Frederick II. 1227–1241. ≈ 15 min
  765. § 44. The First Council of Lyons and the Close of Frederick’s Career. 1241–1250. ≈ 20 min
  766. § 45. The Last of the Hohenstaufen. ≈ 10 min
  767. § 46. The Empire and Papacy at Peace. 1271–1294. ≈ 30 min
  768. CHAPTER VII. THE CRUSADES. ≈ 1 min
  769. § 47. Literature on the Crusades as a Whole. ≈ 10 min
  770. § 48. Character and Causes of the Crusades. ≈ 22 min
  771. § 49. The Call to the Crusades. ≈ 11 min
  772. § 50. The First Crusade and the Capture of Jerusalem. ≈ 39 min
  773. § 51. The Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. 1099–1187. ≈ 14 min
  774. § 52. The Fall of Edessa and the Second Crusade. ≈ 9 min
  775. § 53. The Third Crusade. 1189–1192. ≈ 20 min
  776. § 54. The Children’s Crusades. ≈ 6 min
  777. § 55. The Fourth Crusade and the Capture of Constantinople. 1200–1204. ≈ 19 min
  778. § 56. Frederick II. and the Fifth Crusade. 1229. ≈ 7 min
  779. § 57. St. Louis and the Last Crusades. 1248, 1270. ≈ 13 min
  780. § 58. The Last Stronghold of the Crusaders in Palestine. ≈ 7 min
  781. § 59. Effects of the Crusades. ≈ 12 min
  782. § 60. The Military Orders. ≈ 94 min
  783. § 61. The Revival of Monasticism. ≈ 41 min
  784. § 62. Monasticism and the Papacy. ≈ 10 min
  785. § 63. The Monks of Cluny. ≈ 14 min
  786. § 64. The Cistercians. ≈ 11 min
  787. § 65. St. Bernard of Clairvaux. ≈ 34 min
  788. § 66. The Augustinians, Carthusians, Carmelites, and other Orders. ≈ 21 min
  789. § 67. Monastic Prophets. ≈ 20 min
  790. § 68. The Mendicant Orders. ≈ 21 min
  791. § 69. Franciscan Literature. ≈ 19 min
  792. § 70. St. Francis d’Assisi. ≈ 32 min
  793. § 71. The Franciscans. ≈ 23 min
  794. § 72. St. Dominic and the Dominicans. ≈ 102 min
  795. § 73. Literature and General Survey. ≈ 7 min
  796. § 74. Missions in Northeastern Germany. ≈ 9 min
  797. § 75. Missions among the Mohammedans. ≈ 9 min
  798. § 76. Missions among the Mongols. ≈ 12 min
  799. § 77. The Jews. ≈ 51 min
  800. § 78. Literature for the Entire Chapter. ≈ 11 min
  801. § 79. The Mediaeval Dissenters. ≈ 22 min
  802. § 80. The Cathari. ≈ 26 min
  803. § 81. Peter de Bruys and Other Independent Leaders. ≈ 9 min
  804. § 82. The Amaurians and Other Isolated Sects. ≈ 8 min
  805. § 83. The Beguines and Beghards. ≈ 8 min
  806. § 84. The Waldenses. ≈ 33 min
  807. § 85. The Crusades against the Albigenses. ≈ 18 min
  808. § 86. The Inquisition. Its Origin and Purpose. ≈ 22 min
  809. § 87. The Inquisition. Its Mode of Procedure and Penalties. ≈ 67 min
  810. § 88. Schools. ≈ 24 min
  811. § 89. Books and Libraries. ≈ 20 min
  812. § 90. The Universities. ≈ 29 min
  813. § 91. The University of Bologna. ≈ 12 min
  814. § 92. The University of Paris. ≈ 16 min
  815. § 93. Oxford and Cambridge. ≈ 17 min
  816. § 94. The Cathedrals. ≈ 37 min
  817. § 95. Literature and General Introduction. ≈ 10 min
  818. § 96. Sources and Development of Scholasticism. ≈ 9 min
  819. § 97. Realism and Nominalism. ≈ 6 min
  820. § 98. Anselm of Canterbury. ≈ 29 min
  821. § 99. Peter Abaelard. ≈ 28 min
  822. § 100. Abaelard’s Teachings and Theology. ≈ 16 min
  823. § 101. Younger Contemporaries of Abaelard. ≈ 9 min
  824. § 102. Peter the Lombard and the Summists. ≈ 12 min
  825. § 103. Mysticism. ≈ 7 min
  826. § 104. St. Bernard as a Mystic. ≈ 10 min
  827. § 105. Hugo and Richard of St. Victor. ≈ 55 min
  828. § 106. Alexander of Hales. ≈ 4 min
  829. § 107. Albertus Magnus. ≈ 17 min
  830. § 108 Thomas Aquinas. ≈ 44 min
  831. § 109. Bonaventura. ≈ 12 min
  832. § 110. Duns Scotus. ≈ 23 min
  833. § 111. Roger Bacon. ≈ 46 min
  834. § 112. Literature on the Sacraments. ≈ 5 min
  835. § 113. The Seven Sacraments. ≈ 16 min
  836. § 114. Baptism and Confirmation. ≈ 9 min
  837. § 115. The Eucharist. ≈ 18 min
  838. § 116. Eucharistic Practice and Superstition. ≈ 20 min
  839. § 117. Penance and Indulgences. ≈ 12 min
  840. § 118. Penance and Indulgences. ≈ 18 min
  841. § 119. Extreme Unction, Ordination, and Marriage. ≈ 10 min
  842. § 120. Sin and Grace. ≈ 21 min
  843. § 121. The Future State. ≈ 63 min
  844. § 122. The canon Law. ≈ 16 min
  845. § 123. The Papal Supremacy in Church and State. ≈ 24 min
  846. § 124. The Pope and the Curia. ≈ 29 min
  847. § 125. Bishops. ≈ 16 min
  848. § 126. The Lower Clergy. ≈ 21 min
  849. § 127. The Councils. ≈ 11 min
  850. § 128. Church and Clergy in England. ≈ 27 min
  851. § 129. Two English Bishops. ≈ 43 min
  852. § 130. The Worship of Mary. ≈ 38 min
  853. § 131. The Worship of Relics. ≈ 14 min
  854. § 132. The Sermon. ≈ 25 min
  855. § 133. Hymns and Sacred Poetry. ≈ 22 min
  856. § 134. The Religious Drama. ≈ 19 min
  857. § 135. The Flagellants. ≈ 7 min
  858. § 136. Demonology and the Dark Arts. ≈ 27 min
  859. § 137. The Age passing Judgment upon Itself. ≈ 43 min
  860. Volume 6 – FROM BONIFACE VIII TO MARTIN LUTHER A.D. 1294–1517. ≈ 1 min
  861. PREFACE ≈ 5 min
  862. § 1. Introductory Survey. ≈ 8 min
  863. CHAPTER I. THE DECLINE OF THE PAPACY AND THE AVIGNON EXILE. A.D. 1294–1377. ≈ 1 min
  864. § 2. Sources and Literature. ≈ 18 min
  865. § 3. Pope Boniface VIII. 1294–1303. ≈ 13 min
  866. § 4. Boniface VIII. and Philip the Fair of France. ≈ 39 min
  867. § 5. Literary Attacks against the Papacy. ≈ 36 min
  868. § 6. The Transfer of the Papacy to Avignon. ≈ 37 min
  869. § 7. The Pontificate of John XXII 1316–1334. ≈ 26 min
  870. § 8. The Papal Office Assailed. ≈ 25 min
  871. § 9. The Financial Policy of the Avignon Popes. ≈ 32 min
  872. § 10. The Later Avignon Popes. ≈ 25 min
  873. § 11. The Re-establishment of the Papacy in Rome. 1377. ≈ 91 min
  874. § 12. Sources and Literature. ≈ 11 min
  875. § 13. The Schism Begun. 1378. ≈ 23 min
  876. § 14. Further Progress of the Schism. 1378–1409. ≈ 32 min
  877. § 15. The Council of Pisa. ≈ 18 min
  878. § 16. The Council of Constance. 1414–1418. ≈ 58 min
  879. § 17. The council of Basel. 1431–1449. ≈ 32 min
  880. § 18. The Council of Ferrara-Florence. 1438–1445. ≈ 38 min
  881. § 19. Literature. ≈ 9 min
  882. § 20. Ockam and the Decay of Scholasticism. ≈ 14 min
  883. § 21. Catherine of Siena, the Saint. ≈ 31 min
  884. § 22. Peter d’Ailly, Ecclesiastical Statesman. ≈ 7 min
  885. § 23. John Gerson, Theologian and Church Leader. ≈ 29 min
  886. § 24. Nicolas of Clamanges, the Moralist. ≈ 13 min
  887. § 25. Nicolas of Cusa, Scholar and Churchman. ≈ 9 min
  888. § 26. Popular Preachers. ≈ 26 min
  889. § 27. Sources and Literature. ≈ 18 min
  890. § 28. The New Mysticism. ≈ 16 min
  891. § 29. Meister Eckart. ≈ 33 min
  892. § 30. John Tauler of Strassburg. ≈ 16 min
  893. § 31. Henry Suso. ≈ 20 min
  894. § 32. The Friends of God. ≈ 11 min
  895. § 33. John of Ruysbroeck. ≈ 12 min
  896. § 34. Gerrit de Groote and the Brothers of the Common Life. ≈ 14 min
  897. § 35. The Imitation of Christ. Thomas à Kempis. ≈ 29 min
  898. § 36. The German Theology. ≈ 6 min
  899. § 37. English Mystics. ≈ 36 min
  900. § 38. Sources and Literature. ≈ 15 min
  901. § 39. The Church in England in the Fourteenth Century. ≈ 29 min
  902. § 40. John Wyclif. ≈ 29 min
  903. § 41. Wyclif’s Teachings. ≈ 32 min
  904. § 42. Wyclif and the Scriptures. ≈ 32 min
  905. § 43. The Lollards. ≈ 21 min
  906. § 44. John Huss of Bohemia. ≈ 33 min
  907. § 45. Huss at Constance. ≈ 46 min
  908. § 46. Jerome of Prag. ≈ 10 min
  909. § 47. The Hussites. ≈ 67 min
  910. § 48. Literature and General Survey. ≈ 23 min
  911. § 49. Nicolas V. 1447–1455. ≈ 21 min
  912. § 50. Aeneas Sylvius de’ Piccolomini, Pius II. ≈ 27 min
  913. § 51. Paul II. 1464–1471. ≈ 11 min
  914. § 52. Sixtus IV. 1471–1484. ≈ 16 min
  915. § 53. Innocent VIII. 1484–1492. ≈ 19 min
  916. § 54. Pope Alexander VI—Borgia. 1492–1503. ≈ 58 min
  917. § 55. Julius II., the Warrior-Pope. 1503–1513. ≈ 34 min
  918. § 56. Leo X. 1513–1521. ≈ 94 min
  919. § 57. Literature. ≈ 6 min
  920. § 58. Heretical and Unchurchly Movements. ≈ 39 min
  921. § 59. Witchcraft and its Punishment. ≈ 45 min
  922. § 60. The Spanish Inquisition. ≈ 83 min
  923. § 61. Literature of the Renaissance. ≈ 20 min
  924. § 62. The Intellectual Awakening. ≈ 17 min
  925. § 63. Dante, Petrarca, Boccaccio. ≈ 36 min
  926. § 64. Progress and Patrons of Classical Studies in the 15th Century. ≈ 26 min
  927. § 65. Greek Teachers and Italian Humanists. ≈ 25 min
  928. § 66. The Artists. ≈ 20 min
  929. § 67. The Revival of Paganism. ≈ 30 min
  930. § 68. Humanism in Germany. ≈ 19 min
  931. § 69. Reuchlin and Erasmus. ≈ 46 min
  932. § 70. Humanism in France. ≈ 8 min
  933. § 71. Humanism in England. ≈ 63 min
  934. § 72. Literature. ≈ 13 min
  935. § 73. The Clergy. ≈ 23 min
  936. § 74. Preaching. ≈ 24 min
  937. § 75. Doctrinal Reformers. ≈ 12 min
  938. § 76. Girolamo Savonarola. ≈ 86 min
  939. § 77. The Study and Circulation of the Bible. ≈ 33 min
  940. § 78. Popular Piety. ≈ 45 min
  941. § 79. Works of Charity. ≈ 23 min
  942. § 80. The Sale of Indulgences. ≈ 79 min
  943. CHAPTER X. THE CLOSE OF THE MIDDLE AGES. ≈ 50 min
  944. Volume 7 – HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION ≈ 1 min
  945. PREFACE. ≈ 6 min
  946. CHAPTER I. ORIENTATION. ≈ 1 min
  947. § 1. The Turning Point of Modern History. ≈ 6 min
  948. § 2. Protestantism and Romanism. ≈ 11 min
  949. § 3. Necessity of a Reformation. ≈ 9 min
  950. § 4. The Preparations for the Reformation. ≈ 5 min
  951. § 5. The Genius and Aim of the Reformation. ≈ 5 min
  952. § 6. The Authority of the Scriptures. ≈ 10 min
  953. § 7. Justification by Faith. ≈ 9 min
  954. § 8. The Priesthood of the Laity. ≈ 5 min
  955. § 9. The Reformation and Rationalism. ≈ 37 min
  956. § 10. Protestantism and Denominationalism.38 ≈ 17 min
  957. § 11. Protestantism and Religious Liberty. ≈ 38 min
  958. § 12. Religious Intolerance and Liberty in England and America. ≈ 30 min
  959. § 13. Chronological Limits. ≈ 7 min
  960. § 14. General Literature on the Reformation. ≈ 84 min
  961. CHAPTER II. LUTHER’S TRAINING FOR THE REFORMATION, a.d. l483–1517. ≈ 1 min
  962. § 15. Literature of the German Reformation. ≈ 10 min
  963. § 16. Germany and the Reformation. ≈ 5 min
  964. § 17. The Luther Literature. ≈ 20 min
  965. § 18. Luther’s Youth and Training. ≈ 7 min
  966. § 19. Luther in the University of Erfurt. ≈ 6 min
  967. § 20. Luther’s Conversion. ≈ 3 min
  968. § 21. Luther as a Monk. ≈ 10 min
  969. § 22. Luther and Staupitz. ≈ 10 min
  970. § 23. The Victory of Justifying Faith. ≈ 8 min
  971. § 24. Luther Ordained to the Priesthood. ≈ 2 min
  972. § 25. Luther in Rome.140 ≈ 11 min
  973. § 26. The University of Wittenberg. ≈ 5 min
  974. § 27. Luther as Professor till 1517. ≈ 11 min
  975. § 28. Luther and Mysticism. The Theologia Germanica. ≈ 3 min
  976. § 29. The Penitential Psalms. The Eve of the Reformation. ≈ 36 min
  977. CHAPTER III. THE GERMAN REFORMATION FROM THE PUBLICATION OF LUTHER’S THESES TO THE DIET OF WORMS, A.D. 1517–1521. ≈ 2 min
  978. § 30. The Sale of Indulgences. ≈ 6 min
  979. § 31. Luther and Tetzel. ≈ 14 min
  980. § 32. The Ninety-five Theses. Oct. 31, 1517. ≈ 33 min
  981. § 33. The Theses-Controversy. 1518. ≈ 8 min
  982. § 34. Rome’s Interposition. Luther and Prierias. 1518. ≈ 4 min
  983. § 35. Luther and Cajetan. October, 1518. ≈ 7 min
  984. § 36. Luther and Miltitz. January, 1519. ≈ 6 min
  985. § 37. The Leipzig Disputation. June 27-July 15, 1519. ≈ 11 min
  986. § 38. Philip Melanchthon. Literature (Portrait). ≈ 5 min
  987. § 40. Melanchthon’s Early Labors. ≈ 6 min
  988. § 41. Luther and Melanchthon. ≈ 11 min
  989. § 42. Ulrich von Hutten and Luther. ≈ 15 min
  990. § 43. Luther’s Crusade against Popery. 1520. ≈ 7 min
  991. § 44. Address to the German Nobility. ≈ 22 min
  992. § 45. The Babylonian Captivity of the Church. October, 1520. ≈ 19 min
  993. § 46. Christian Freedom.—Luther’s Last Letter to the Pope. October, 1520. ≈ 19 min
  994. § 47. The bull of Excommunication. June 15, 1520. ≈ 48 min
  995. § 48. Luther burns the Pope’s bull, and forever breaks with Rome. Dec. 10, 1520. ≈ 12 min
  996. § 49. The Reformation and the Papacy. ≈ 26 min
  997. § 50. Charles V. ≈ 22 min
  998. § 51. The Ecclesiastical Policy of Charles V. ≈ 9 min
  999. § 52. The Abdication of Charles, and his Cloister Life. ≈ 22 min
  1000. § 53. The Diet of Worms. 1521. ≈ 16 min
  1001. § 54. Luther’s Journey to Worms. ≈ 12 min
  1002. § 55. Luther’s Testimony before the Diet. ≈ 23 min
  1003. § 56. Reflections on Luther’s Testimony at Worms. ≈ 6 min
  1004. § 57. Private Conferences with Luther. The Emperors Conduct. ≈ 7 min
  1005. § 58. The Ban of the Empire. May 8 (26), 1521. ≈ 7 min
  1006. § 59. State of Public Opinion. Popular Literature. ≈ 107 min
  1007. CHAPTER IV. THE GERMAN REFORMATION FROM THE DIET OF WORMS TO THE PEASANTS’ WAR, A.D. 1521–1525. ≈ 1 min
  1008. § 60. A New Phase in the History of the Reformation. ≈ 3 min
  1009. § 61. Luther at the Wartburg. 1521–1522. ≈ 23 min
  1010. § 62. Luther’s Translation of the Bible. ≈ 34 min
  1011. § 63. A Critical Estimate of Luther’s Version. ≈ 26 min
  1012. § 64. Melanchthon’s Theology. ≈ 14 min
  1013. § 65. Protestant Radicalism. Disturbances at Erfurt. ≈ 7 min
  1014. § 66. The Revolution at Wittenberg. Carlstadt and the New Prophets. ≈ 10 min
  1015. § 67. Luther returns to Wittenberg. ≈ 13 min
  1016. § 68. Luther restores Order in Wittenberg.—The End of Carlstadt. ≈ 10 min
  1017. § 69. The Diets of Nürnberg, a.d. 1522–1524. Adrian VI. ≈ 10 min
  1018. § 70. Luther and Henry VIII ≈ 8 min
  1019. § 71. Erasmus. ≈ 48 min
  1020. § 72. Erasmus and the Reformation. ≈ 18 min
  1021. § 73. The Free-will Controversy. 1524–1527. ≈ 13 min
  1022. § 74. Wilibald Pirkheimer. ≈ 11 min
  1023. § 75. The Peasants’ War. 1523–1525. ≈ 86 min
  1024. CHAPTER V. THE INNER DEVELOPMENT OF THE REFORMATION FROM THE PEASANTS’ WAR TO THE DIET OF AUGSBURG, A.D. 1525–1530. ≈ 1 min
  1025. § 76. The Three Electors. ≈ 9 min
  1026. § 77. Luther’s Marriage. 1525. ≈ 12 min
  1027. § 78. Luther’s Home Life. ≈ 32 min
  1028. § 79. Reflections on Clerical Family Life. ≈ 23 min
  1029. § 80. Reformation of Public Worship. ≈ 13 min
  1030. § 81. Prominent Features of Evangelical Worship. ≈ 9 min
  1031. § 82. Beginnings of Evangelical Hymnody. ≈ 34 min
  1032. § 83. Common Schools. ≈ 10 min
  1033. § 84. Reconstruction of Church Government and Discipline. ≈ 10 min
  1034. § 85. Enlarged Conception of the Church. Augustin, Wiclif, Hus, Luther. ≈ 38 min
  1035. § 86. Changes in the Views on the Ministry. Departure from the Episcopal Succession. Luther ordains a Deacon, and consec ≈ 12 min
  1036. § 87. Relation of Church and State. ≈ 9 min
  1037. § 88. Church Visitation in Saxony. ≈ 7 min
  1038. § 89. Luther’s Catechisms. 1529. ≈ 13 min
  1039. § 90. The Typical Catechisms of Protestantism. ≈ 66 min
  1040. CHAPTER VI. PROPAGATION AND PERSECUTION OF PROTESTANTISM IN GERMANY TILL 1530. ≈ 1 min
  1041. § 91. Causes and Means of Progress. ≈ 4 min
  1042. § 92. The Printing-Press and the Reformation. ≈ 15 min
  1043. § 93. Protestantism in Saxony. ≈ 5 min
  1044. § 94. The Reformation in Nürnberg. ≈ 4 min
  1045. § 95. The Reformation in Strassburg. Martin Bucer. ≈ 6 min
  1046. § 96. The Reformation in North Germany. ≈ 8 min
  1047. § 97. Protestantism in Augsburg and South Germany. ≈ 4 min
  1048. § 98. The Reformation in Hesse, and the Synod of Homberg. Philip of Hesse, and Lambert of Avignon. ≈ 17 min
  1049. § 99. The Reformation in Prussia. Duke Albrecht and Bishop Georg Von Polenz. ≈ 32 min
  1050. § 100. Protestant Martyrs. ≈ 29 min
  1051. CHAPTER VII. THE SACRAMENTARIAN CONTROVERSIES. ≈ 1 min
  1052. § 101. Sacerdotalism and Sacramentalism. ≈ 7 min
  1053. § 102. The Anabaptist Controversy. Luther and Huebmaier. ≈ 12 min
  1054. § 103. The Eucharistic Controversy. ≈ 9 min
  1055. § 104. Luther’s Theory before the Controversy. ≈ 5 min
  1056. § 105. Luther and Carlstadt. ≈ 5 min
  1057. § 106. Luther and Zwingli. ≈ 18 min
  1058. § 107. The Marburg Conference, a.d. 1529. (With Facsimile of Signatures.) ≈ 17 min
  1059. § 108. The Marburg Conference continued. Discussion and Result. ≈ 43 min
  1060. § 109. Luther’s Last Attack on the Sacramentarians. His Relation to Calvin. ≈ 15 min
  1061. § 110. Reflections on the Ethics of the Eucharistic Controversy. ≈ 16 min
  1062. § 111. The Eucharistic Theories compared. Luther, Zwingli, Calvin. ≈ 89 min
  1063. § 112. The First Diet of Speier, and the Beginning of the Territorial System. 1526. ≈ 9 min
  1064. § 113. The Emperor and the Pope. The Sacking of Rome, 1527. ≈ 4 min
  1065. § 114. A War Panic, 1528. ≈ 3 min
  1066. § 115. The Second Diet of Speier, and the Protest of 1529. ≈ 6 min
  1067. § 116. The Reconciliation of the Emperor and the Pope. The Crowning of the Emperor. 1529. ≈ 10 min
  1068. § 117. The Diet of Augsburg. ≈ 14 min
  1069. § 118. The Negotiations, the Recess, the Peace of Nürnberg. ≈ 13 min
  1070. § 119. The Augsburg Confession. ≈ 19 min
  1071. § 120. The Roman Confutation and the Protestant Apology. ≈ 8 min
  1072. § 121. The Tetrapolitan Confession. ≈ 6 min
  1073. § 122. Zwingli’s Confession to the Emperor Charles. ≈ 5 min
  1074. § 123. Luther at the Coburg. ≈ 17 min
  1075. § 124. Luther’s Public Character, and Position in History. ≈ 34 min
  1076. § 125. Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott. ≈ 21 min
  1077. Volume 8 – THE SWISS REFORMATION, THE REFORMATION IN FRENCH SWITZERLAND ≈ 1 min
  1078. PREFACE. ≈ 19 min
  1079. § 1. Switzerland before the Reformation. ≈ 9 min
  1080. § 2. The Swiss Reformation. ≈ 6 min
  1081. § 3. The Genius of the Swiss Reformation compared with the German. ≈ 10 min
  1082. § 4. Literature on the Swiss Reformation. ≈ 16 min
  1083. § 5. The Zwingli Literature. ≈ 14 min
  1084. § 6. Zwingli’s Birth and Education. ≈ 5 min
  1085. § 7. Zwingli in Glarus. ≈ 17 min
  1086. § 8. Zwingli in Einsiedeln. ≈ 7 min
  1087. § 9. Zwingli and Luther. ≈ 19 min
  1088. CHAPTER III. THE REFORMATION IN ZURICH. 1519–1526. ≈ 1 min
  1089. § 10. Zwingli called to Zurich. ≈ 3 min
  1090. § 11. Zwingli’s Public Labors and Private Studies. ≈ 5 min
  1091. § 12. Zwingli and the Sale of Indulgences. ≈ 3 min
  1092. § 13. Zwingli during the Pestilence. ≈ 6 min
  1093. § 14. The Open Breach. Controversy about Fasts. 1522. ≈ 4 min
  1094. § 15. Petition for the Abolition of Clerical Celibacy. Zwingli’s Marriage. ≈ 4 min
  1095. § 16. Zwingli and Lambert of Avignon. ≈ 1 min
  1096. § 17. The Sixty-seven Conclusions. ≈ 6 min
  1097. § 18. The Public Disputations. 1523. ≈ 9 min
  1098. § 19. The Abolition of the Roman Worship. 1524. ≈ 5 min
  1099. § 20. The Reformed Celebration of the Lord’s Supper. ≈ 4 min
  1100. § 21. Other Changes. A Theological School. The Carolinum. A System of Theology. ≈ 3 min
  1101. § 22. The Translation of the Bible. Leo Judae. ≈ 5 min
  1102. § 23. Church and State. ≈ 7 min
  1103. § 24. Zwingli’s Conflict with Radicalism. ≈ 18 min
  1104. § 25. The Baptismal Controversy. ≈ 10 min
  1105. § 26. Persecution of the Anabaptists. ≈ 8 min
  1106. § 27. The Eucharistic Controversy. Zwingli and Luther. ≈ 5 min
  1107. § 28. The Works of Zwingli. ≈ 4 min
  1108. § 29. The Theology of Zwingli. ≈ 51 min
  1109. CHAPTER IV. SPREAD OF THE REFORMATION IN SWITZERLAND. ≈ 1 min
  1110. § 30. The Swiss Diet and the Conference at Baden, 1526. ≈ 9 min
  1111. § 31. The Reformation in Berne. ≈ 13 min
  1112. § 32. The Reformation in Basel. Oecolampadius. ≈ 24 min
  1113. § 33. The Reformation in Glarus. Tschudi. Glarean. ≈ 13 min
  1114. § 34. The Reformation in St. Gall, Toggenburg, and Appenzell. Watt and Kessler. ≈ 15 min
  1115. § 35. Reformation in Schaffhausen. Hofmeister. ≈ 2 min
  1116. § 36. The Grisons (Graubünden). ≈ 11 min
  1117. § 37. The Reformation in the Grisons. Comander. Gallicius. Campell. ≈ 19 min
  1118. § 38. The Reformation in the Italian Valleys of the Grisons. Vergerio. ≈ 25 min
  1119. § 39. Protestantism in Chiavenna and the Valtellina, and its Suppression. The Valtellina Massacre. George Jenatsch. ≈ 13 min
  1120. § 40. The Congregation of Locarno. ≈ 4 min
  1121. § 41. Zwinglianism in Germany. ≈ 33 min
  1122. CHAPTER V. THE CIVIL WAR BETWEEN THE ROMAN CATHOLIC AND REFORMED CANTONS. ≈ 1 min
  1123. § 42. The First War of Cappel. 1529. ≈ 13 min
  1124. § 43. The First Peace of Cappel. June, 1529. ≈ 5 min
  1125. § 44. Between the Wars. Political Plains of Zwingli. ≈ 4 min
  1126. § 45. Zwingli’s Last Theological Labors. His Confessions of Faith. ≈ 6 min
  1127. § 46. The Second War of Cappel. 1531. ≈ 10 min
  1128. § 47. The Death of Zwingli. ≈ 6 min
  1129. § 48. Reflections on the Disaster at Cappel. ≈ 11 min
  1130. § 49. The Second Peace of Cappel. November, 1531. ≈ 6 min
  1131. § 50. The Roman Catholic Reaction. ≈ 6 min
  1132. § 51. The Relative Strength of the Confessions in Switzerland. ≈ 3 min
  1133. § 52. Zwingli. Redivivus. ≈ 33 min
  1134. § 53. Literature. ≈ 6 min
  1135. § 54. Heinrich Bullinger. 1504–1575. ≈ 23 min
  1136. § 55. Antistes Breitinger (1575–1645). ≈ 2 min
  1137. § 56. Oswald Myconius, Antistes of Basel. ≈ 6 min
  1138. § 57. The Helvetic Confessions of Faith. ≈ 16 min
  1139. § 58. Literature on Calvin and the Reformation in French Switzerland. ≈ 31 min
  1140. § 59. The Condition of French Switzerland before the Reformation. ≈ 9 min
  1141. § 60. William Farel (1489–1565). ≈ 14 min
  1142. § 61. Farel at Geneva. First Act of the Reformation (1535). ≈ 12 min
  1143. § 62. The Last Labors of Farel. ≈ 4 min
  1144. § 63. Peter Viret and the Reformation in Lausanne. ≈ 6 min
  1145. § 64. Antoine Froment. ≈ 13 min
  1146. § 65. John Calvin compared with the Older Reformers. ≈ 8 min
  1147. § 66. Calvin’s Place in History. ≈ 13 min
  1148. § 67. Calvin’s Literary Labors. ≈ 7 min
  1149. § 68. Tributes to the Memory of Calvin. ≈ 102 min
  1150. CHAPTER IX. FROM FRANCE TO SWITZERLAND. ≈ 1 min
  1151. § 69. Calvin’s Youth and Training. ≈ 18 min
  1152. § 70. Calvin as a Student in the French Universities. a.d. 1528–1533. ≈ 8 min
  1153. § 71. Calvin as a Humanist. Commentary on Seneca. ≈ 3 min
  1154. § 72. Calvin’s Conversion. 1532. ≈ 7 min
  1155. § 73. Calvin’s Call. ≈ 10 min
  1156. § 74. The Open Rupture. An Academic Oration. 1533. ≈ 3 min
  1157. § 75. Persecution of the Protestants in Paris. 1534. ≈ 6 min
  1158. § 76. Calvin as a Wandering Evangelist. 1533–1536. ≈ 5 min
  1159. § 77. The Sleep of the Soul. 1534. ≈ 2 min
  1160. § 78. Calvin at Basel. 1535 to 1536. ≈ 3 min
  1161. § 79. Calvin’s Institutes of the Christian Religion. ≈ 58 min
  1162. § 80. From Basel to Ferrara. The Duchess Renée. ≈ 37 min
  1163. Section 1163 ≈ 2 min
  1164. § 81. Calvin’s Arrival and Settlement at Geneva. ≈ 4 min
  1165. § 82. First Labors and Trials. ≈ 5 min
  1166. § 83. The Reformers introduce Order and Discipline. ≈ 13 min
  1167. § 84. Expulsion of the Reformers. 1538. ≈ 21 min
  1168. § 85. Calvin in Strassburg. ≈ 9 min
  1169. § 86. The Church of the Strangers in Strassburg. ≈ 4 min
  1170. § 87. The Liturgy of Calvin. ≈ 10 min
  1171. § 88. Calvin as Theological Teacher and Author. ≈ 5 min
  1172. § 89. Calvin at the Colloquies of Frankfurt, Worms, and Regensburg. ≈ 14 min
  1173. § 90. Calvin and Melanchthon. ≈ 35 min
  1174. § 91. Calvin and Sadolet. The Vindication of the Reformation. ≈ 53 min
  1175. § 92. Calvin’s Marriage and Home Life. ≈ 71 min
  1176. § 93. The State of Geneva after the expulsion of the Reformers. ≈ 8 min
  1177. § 94. Calvin’s Recall to Geneva. ≈ 11 min
  1178. § 95. Calvin’s Return to Geneva. 1541. ≈ 9 min
  1179. § 96. The First Years after the Return. ≈ 16 min
  1180. § 97. Survey of Calvin’s Activity. ≈ 20 min
  1181. CHAPTER XIII. CONSTITUTION AND DISCIPLINE OF THE CHURCH OF GENEVA. ≈ 1 min
  1182. § 98. Literature. ≈ 3 min
  1183. § 99. Calvin’s Idea of the Holy Catholic Church. ≈ 29 min
  1184. § 100. The Visible and Invisible Church. ≈ 8 min
  1185. § 101. The Civil Government. ≈ 12 min
  1186. § 102. Distinctive Principles of Calvin’s Church Polity. ≈ 9 min
  1187. § 103. Church and State. ≈ 8 min
  1188. § 104. The Ecclesiastical Ordinances. ≈ 12 min
  1189. § 105. The Venerable Company and the Consistory. ≈ 5 min
  1190. § 106. Calvin’s Theory of Discipline. ≈ 13 min
  1191. § 107. The Exercise of Discipline in Geneva. ≈ 9 min
  1192. § 108. Calvin’s Struggle with the Patriots and Libertines. ≈ 17 min
  1193. § 109. The Leaders of the Libertines and their punishment: — Gruet, Perrin, Ameaux, Vandel, Berthelier. ≈ 29 min
  1194. § 110. Geneva Regenerated. Testimonies Old and New. ≈ 69 min
  1195. § 111. Calvin’s Commentaries. ≈ 29 min
  1196. § 112. The Calvinistic System. ≈ 18 min
  1197. § 113. Predestination. ≈ 51 min
  1198. § 114. Calvinism examined. ≈ 34 min
  1199. § 115. Calvin’s Theory of the Sacraments. ≈ 4 min
  1200. § 116. Baptism. ≈ 9 min
  1201. § 117. The Lord’s Supper. The Consensus of Zuerich. ≈ 58 min
  1202. CHAPTER XV. THEOLOGICAL CONTROVERSIES. ≈ 1 min
  1203. § 118. Calvin as a Controversialist. ≈ 3 min
  1204. § 119. Calvin and Pighius. ≈ 9 min
  1205. § 120. The Anti-Papal Writings. Criticism of the Council of Trent. 1547. ≈ 7 min
  1206. § 121. Against the German Interim. 1549. ≈ 8 min
  1207. § 122. Against the Worship of Relics. 1543. ≈ 13 min
  1208. § 123. The Articles of the Sorbonne with an Antidote. 1544. ≈ 4 min
  1209. § 124. Calvin and the Nicodemites. 1544. ≈ 11 min
  1210. § 125. Calvin and Bolsec. ≈ 16 min
  1211. § 126. Calvin and Castellio. ≈ 16 min
  1212. § 127. Calvinism and Unitarianism. The Italian Refugees. ≈ 11 min
  1213. § 128. Calvin and Laelius Socinus. ≈ 9 min
  1214. § 129. Bernardino Ochino. 1487–1565. ≈ 30 min
  1215. § 130. Caelius Secundus Curio. 1503–1569. ≈ 2 min
  1216. § 131. The Italian Antitrinitarians in Geneva. Gribaldo, Biandrata, Alciati, Gentile. ≈ 15 min
  1217. § 132. The Eucharistic Controversies. Calvin and Westphal. ≈ 14 min
  1218. § 133. Calvin and the Augsburg Confession. Melanchthon’s Position in the Second Eucharistic Controversy. ≈ 20 min
  1219. § 134. Calvin and Heshusius. ≈ 12 min
  1220. § 135. Calvin and the Astrologers. ≈ 40 min
  1221. CHAPTER XVI. SERVETUS: HIS LIFE. OPINIONS, TRIAL, AND EXECUTION. ≈ 1 min
  1222. § 136 The Servetus Literature. ≈ 18 min
  1223. § 137. Calvin and Servetus. ≈ 12 min
  1224. § 138. Catholic Intolerance. ≈ 15 min
  1225. § 139. Protestant Intolerance. Judgments of the Reformers on Servetus. ≈ 20 min
  1226. § 140. The Early Life of Servetus. ≈ 7 min
  1227. § 141. The Book against the Holy Trinity. ≈ 10 min
  1228. § 142. Servetus as a Geographer. ≈ 8 min
  1229. § 143. Servetus as a Physician, Scientist, and Astrologer. ≈ 3 min
  1230. § 144. Servetus at Vienne. His Annotations to the Bible. ≈ 3 min
  1231. § 145. Correspondence of Servetus with Calvin and Poupin. ≈ 11 min
  1232. § 146. "The Restitution of Christianity." ≈ 9 min
  1233. § 147. The Theological System of Servetus. ≈ 41 min
  1234. § 148. The Trial and Condemnation of Servetus at Vienne. ≈ 12 min
  1235. § 149. Servetus flees to Geneva and is arrested. ≈ 5 min
  1236. § 150. State of Political Parties at Geneva in 1553. ≈ 5 min
  1237. § 151. The First Act of the Trial at Geneva. ≈ 10 min
  1238. § 152. The Second Act of the Trial at Geneva. ≈ 14 min
  1239. § 153. Consultation of the Swiss Churches. The Defiant Attitude of Servetus. ≈ 4 min
  1240. § 154. Condemnation of Servetus. ≈ 6 min
  1241. § 155. Execution of Servetus. Oct. 27, 1553. ≈ 7 min
  1242. § 156. The Character of Servetus. ≈ 6 min
  1243. § 157. Calvin’s Defence of the Death Penalty for Heretics. ≈ 10 min
  1244. § 158. A Plea for Religious Liberty. Castellio and Beza. ≈ 96 min
  1245. § 159. Calvin’s Catholicity of Spirit. ≈ 7 min
  1246. § 160. Geneva an Asylum for Protestants from all Countries. ≈ 4 min
  1247. § 161. The Academy of Geneva. The High School of Reformed Theology. ≈ 7 min
  1248. § 162. Calvin’s Influence upon the Reformed Churches of the Continent. ≈ 20 min
  1249. § 163. Calvin’s Influence upon Great Britain. ≈ 16 min
  1250. § 164. Calvin’s Last Days and Death. ≈ 20 min
  1251. § 165. Calvin’s Last Will, and Farewells. ≈ 26 min
  1252. § 166. Calvin’s Personal Character and Habits. ≈ 33 min
  1253. Section 1253 ≈ 3 min
  1254. § 167. Life of Beza to his Conversion. ≈ 11 min
  1255. § 168. Beza at Lausanne and as a Delegate to the German Princes. ≈ 6 min
  1256. § 169. Beza at Geneva. ≈ 4 min
  1257. § 170. Beza at the Colloquy of Poissy.1287 ≈ 6 min
  1258. § 171. Beza as the Counsellor of the Huguenot Leaders, ≈ 9 min
  1259. § 172. Beza as the Successor of Calvin, down to 1586. ≈ 7 min
  1260. § 173. Beza’s Conferences with Lutherans. ≈ 3 min
  1261. § 174. Beza and Henry IV. ≈ 3 min
  1262. § 175. Beza’s Last Days. ≈ 8 min
  1263. § 176. Beza’s Writings. ≈ 19 min
  1264. APPENDIX. ≈ 21 min
  1265. Volume 1 – THE HISTORY OF THE CREEDS ≈ 1 min
  1266. PREFACE ≈ 5 min
  1267. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. ≈ 2 min
  1268. PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION. ≈ 1 min
  1269. PREFACE TO THE SIXTH EDITION. ≈ 3 min
  1270. ADDITIONS TO THE LITERATURE ≈ 16 min
  1271. General Literature. ≈ 2 min
  1272. § 1. Name and Definition. ≈ 5 min
  1273. § 2. Origin of Creeds. ≈ 9 min
  1274. § 3. Authority of Creeds.9 ≈ 5 min
  1275. § 4. Value and Use of Creeds. ≈ 4 min
  1276. § 5. Classification of Creeds. ≈ 6 min
  1277. Literature on the three Œcumenical Creeds. ≈ 3 min
  1278. § 6. General Character of the Œcumenical Creeds. ≈ 5 min
  1279. § 7. The Apostles' Creed. ≈ 48 min
  1280. § 8. The Nicene Creed. ≈ 22 min
  1281. § 9. The Creed of Chalcedon. ≈ 19 min
  1282. § 10. The Athanasian Creed. ≈ 34 min
  1283. THIRD CHAPTER. THE CREEDS OF THE GREEK CHURCH. ≈ 1 min
  1284. General Literature. ≈ 3 min
  1285. § 11. The Seven Œcumenical Councils. ≈ 8 min
  1286. § 12. The Confessions of Gennadius, A.D. 1453. ≈ 17 min
  1287. § 13. The Answers of Patriarch Jeremiah to the Lutherans, A.D. 1576. ≈ 6 min
  1288. § 14. The Confession of Metrophanes Critopulus, A.D. 1625. ≈ 5 min
  1289. § 15. The Confession of Cyril Lucar, A.D. 1631. ≈ 15 min
  1290. § 16. The Orthodox Confession of Mogilas, A.D. 1643. ≈ 12 min
  1291. § 17. The Synod of Jerusalem and the Confession of Dositheus, A.D. 1672. ≈ 22 min
  1292. § 18. The Synods of Constantinople, A.D. 1672 and 1691. ≈ 3 min
  1293. § 19. The Doctrinal Standards of the Russo-Greek Church. ≈ 16 min
  1294. § 20. Anglo-Catholic Correspondence with the Russo-Greek Church. ≈ 14 min
  1295. § 21. The Eastern Sects: Nestorians, Jacobites, Copts, Armenians. ≈ 16 min
  1296. FOURTH CHAPTER. THE CREEDS OF THE ROMAN CHURCH. ≈ 1 min
  1297. General Literature. ≈ 2 min
  1298. § 22. Catholicism and Romanism. ≈ 6 min
  1299. § 23. Standard Expositions of the Roman Catholic System. ≈ 21 min
  1300. § 24. The Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent. ≈ 22 min
  1301. § 25. The Profession of the Tridentine Faith, 1564. ≈ 17 min
  1302. § 26. Roman Catechism, 1566. ≈ 10 min
  1303. § 27. The Papal Bulls against the Jansenists, 1653 and 1713. ≈ 24 min
  1304. § 28. The Papal Definition of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary, 1854. ≈ 18 min
  1305. § 29. The Argument for the Immaculate Conception. ≈ 55 min
  1306. § 30. The Papal Syllabus, A.D. 1864. ≈ 18 min
  1307. § 31. The Vatican Council, 1870. ≈ 56 min
  1308. § 32. The Vatican Decrees. The Constitution on the Catholic Faith. ≈ 12 min
  1309. § 33. The Vatican Decrees, Continued. The Infallibility Decree. ≈ 48 min
  1310. § 34. Papal Infallibility Explained, and Tested by Tradition and Scripture. ≈ 93 min
  1311. § 35. The Liturgical Standards of the Roman Church. ≈ 8 min
  1312. § 36. The Old Catholics. ≈ 47 min
  1313. General Literature. ≈ 2 min
  1314. § 37. The Reformation. Protestantism and Romanism. ≈ 19 min
  1315. § 38. The Evangelical Confessions of Faith. ≈ 5 min
  1316. § 39. The Lutheran and Reformed Confessions. ≈ 31 min
  1317. SIXTH CHAPTER THE CREEDS OF THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH. ≈ 1 min
  1318. § 40. The Lutheran Confessions. ≈ 18 min
  1319. § 41. The Augsburg Confession, 1530. ≈ 69 min
  1320. § 42. The Apology of the Augsburg Confession, A.D. 1530–1531. ≈ 7 min
  1321. § 43. Luther's Catechisms. A.D.1529. ≈ 32 min
  1322. § 44. The Articles of Smalcald. A.D. 1537. ≈ 16 min
  1323. § 45. The Form of Concord. A.D. 1577. ≈ 205 min
  1324. § 46. The Form of Concord, Concluded. ≈ 107 min
  1325. § 47. Superseded Lutheran Symbols. The Saxon Confession. The Würtemberg Confession. 1551. ≈ 15 min
  1326. § 48. The Saxon Visitation Articles, 1592. ≈ 18 min
  1327. § 49. An Abortive Symbol Against Syncretism, 1655. ≈ 13 min
  1328. § 50. The Reformed Confessions. ≈ 29 min
  1329. I. SWISS REFORMED CONFESSIONS. ≈ 1 min
  1330. § 51. Zwinglian Confessions. ≈ 37 min
  1331. § 52. Zwingli's Distinctive Doctrines. ≈ 56 min
  1332. § 53. The First Confession of Basle. A.D. 1534. ≈ 12 min
  1333. § 54. The First Helvetic Confession, A.D. 1536. ≈ 7 min
  1334. § 55. The Second Helvetic Confession, A.D. 1566. ≈ 105 min
  1335. § 56. John Calvin. His Life and Character. ≈ 94 min
  1336. § 57. Calvin's Work. ≈ 88 min
  1337. § 58. The Catechism of Geneva. A.D. 1536 AND 1541. ≈ 15 min
  1338. § 59. The Consensus of Zurich. A.D. 1549. ≈ 10 min
  1339. § 60. The Consensus of Geneva. A.D. 1552. ≈ 12 min
  1340. § 61. The Helvetic Consensus Formula. A.D. 1675. ≈ 44 min
  1341. § 62. The Gallican Confession. A.D. 1559. ≈ 31 min
  1342. § 63. The Declaration of Faith of the Reformed Church in France. A.D. 1872. ≈ 16 min
  1343. § 64. The Belgic Confession. A.D. 1561. ≈ 23 min
  1344. § 65. The Arminian Controversy. A.D. 1604–1619. ≈ 30 min
  1345. § 66. The Remonstrance. ≈ 7 min
  1346. § 67. The Canons of Dort. ≈ 15 min
  1347. § 68. The Tetrapolitan Confession. ≈ 20 min
  1348. § 69. The Heidelberg Catechism. A.D. 1563. ≈ 95 min
  1349. § 70. The Brandenburg Confessions. ≈ 28 min
  1350. § 71. Minor German Reformed Confessions. ≈ 7 min
  1351. § 72. The Bohemian Brethern and the Waldenses. ≈ 39 min
  1352. § 73. The Bohemian Confessions after the Reformation. A.D. 1535 and 1575. ≈ 17 min
  1353. § 74. The Reformation in Poland and the Consensus of Sendomir. A.D. 1570. ≈ 26 min
  1354. § 75. The Reformation in Hungary and the Confession of Czenger. ≈ 11 min
  1355. V. THE ANGLICAN ARTICLES OF RELIGION. ≈ 1 min
  1356. § 76. The English Reformation. ≈ 21 min
  1357. § 77. The Doctrinal Position of the Anglican Church and her Relation to other Churches. ≈ 53 min
  1358. § 78. The Doctrinal Formulas of Henry VIII. ≈ 9 min
  1359. § 79. The Edwardine Articles. A.D. 1553. ≈ 6 min
  1360. § 80. The Elizabethan Articles. A.D. 1563 and 1571. ≈ 21 min
  1361. § 81. The Interpretation of the Articles. ≈ 99 min
  1362. § 82. American Revision of the Thirty-nine Articles, A.D. 1801. ≈ 14 min
  1363. § 83. The Catechisms of the Church of England. A.D. 1549 and 1662. ≈ 13 min
  1364. § 84. The Lambeth Articles, A.D. 1595. ≈ 15 min
  1365. § 85. The Irish Articles. A.D. 1615. ≈ 10 min
  1366. § 86. The Articles of the Reformed Episcopal Church. A.D. 1875. ≈ 14 min
  1367. § 87. The Reformation in Scotland. ≈ 18 min
  1368. § 88. John Knox. ≈ 27 min
  1369. § 89. The Scotch Confession of Faith. A.D. 1560. ≈ 20 min
  1370. § 90. The Scotch Covenants and the Scotch Kirk. ≈ 40 min
  1371. § 91. The Scotch Catechisms. ≈ 14 min
  1372. § 92. The Puritan Conflict. ≈ 98 min
  1373. § 93. The Westminster Assembly. ≈ 94 min
  1374. § 94. The Westminster Confession. ≈ 27 min
  1375. § 95. Analysis of the Westminster Confession. ≈ 79 min
  1376. § 96. The Westminster Catechisms. ≈ 21 min
  1377. § 97. Criticism of the Westminster System of Doctrine. ≈ 59 min
  1378. § 98. The Westminster Standards in America. ≈ 36 min
  1379. § 99. The Westminster Standards in the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. ≈ 12 min
  1380. EIGHTH CHAPTER. MODERN PROTESTANT CREEDS. ≈ 1 min
  1381. § 100. General Survey. ≈ 10 min
  1382. § 101. The Congregationalists. ≈ 32 min
  1383. § 102. English Congregational Creeds. ≈ 25 min
  1384. § 103. American Congregational Creeds. ≈ 17 min
  1385. § 104. The Anabaptists and Mennonites. ≈ 14 min
  1386. § 105. The Regular or Calvinistic Baptists. ≈ 44 min
  1387. § 106. Aminian or Free-will Baptists. ≈ 6 min
  1388. § 107. The Society of Friends, or Quakers. ≈ 54 min
  1389. § 108. The Moravians. ≈ 29 min
  1390. § 109. Methodism. ≈ 28 min
  1391. § 110. Methodist Creeds. ≈ 15 min
  1392. § 111. Analysis of Arminian Methodism ≈ 28 min
  1393. § 112. Calvinistic Methodism. ≈ 13 min
  1394. § 113. The Catholic Apostolic Church (called Irvingites.) ≈ 48 min
  1395. § 114. The Articles of the Evangelical Alliance. ≈ 10 min
  1396. § 115. The Consensus and Dissensus of Creeds. ≈ 25 min
  1397. § 116. The Disciples of Christ ≈ 9 min
  1398. § 117. The Universalists. ≈ 4 min
  1399. § 118. The Unitarians. ≈ 5 min
  1400. INDEX TO VOL. I. ≈ 38 min
  1401. Index of Scripture References ≈ 16 min
  1402. Index of Citations ≈ 8 min
  1403. Index of Names ≈ 20 min
  1404. Index of Greek Words and Phrases ≈ 12 min
  1405. Index of Latin Words and Phrases ≈ 98 min
  1406. Index of German Words and Phrases ≈ 39 min
  1407. Index of French Words and Phrases ≈ 8 min
  1408. Index of Pages of the Print Edition ≈ 8 min
  1409. Confessiones Ecclesiæ Apostolicæ. ≈ 4 min
  1410. The Confession of Nathanael (Bartholomew). ≈ 2 min
  1411. The Confession of Peter. ≈ 2 min
  1412. The Confession of Thomas. ≈ 4 min
  1413. The Baptismal Formula. ≈ 1 min
  1414. The Confession of the Eunuch. ≈ 1 min
  1415. The Mystery of Godliness. ≈ 2 min
  1416. The Elementary Articles. ≈ 1 min
  1417. Other Allusions to Creeds. ≈ 2 min
  1418. RULES OF FAITH ≈ 1 min
  1419. REGULÆ FIDEI ECCLESIÆ ANTE-NICÆNÆ ET NICÆNÆ ≈ 2 min
  1420. Ignatius of Antioch. A.D. 107. ≈ 3 min
  1421. Irenæus. A.D. 180. ≈ 12 min
  1422. Tertullian. A.D. 200. ≈ 9 min
  1423. Cyprian, of Carthage. A.D. 250. ≈ 2 min
  1424. Novatian, of Rome. A.D. 250. ≈ 2 min
  1425. Origen, of Alexandria. About A.D. 250. ≈ 6 min
  1426. Gregorius Thaumaturgus, of Neo-Cæsarea. About A.D. 270. ≈ 5 min
  1427. Lucian, of Antioch. A.D. 300. ≈ 5 min
  1428. The Private Creed of Arius. A.D. 328. ≈ 3 min
  1429. Eusebius, of Cæsarea. A.D. 325. ≈ 5 min
  1430. Cyril, of Jerusalem. About A.D. 350. ≈ 6 min
  1431. Two Creeds of Epiphanius. A.D. 374. ≈ 19 min
  1432. The Creed of the Apostolical Constitutions. About A.D. 350. ≈ 3 min
  1433. Comparative Table Of The Ante-nicene Rules Of Faith, As Related To The Apostles' Creed And The Nιcene Creed. ≈ 9 min
  1434. Forma Recepta (Received Form). ≈ 8 min
  1435. The Old Roman and African Form of the Apostles' Creed. ≈ 7 min
  1436. Table of Contents ≈ 5 min
  1437. Table of Contents ≈ 3 min
  1438. Table of Contents ≈ 8 min
  1439. Forma Recepta Ecclesiæ Orientalis. A.D. 381. ≈ 5 min
  1440. Forma Recepta, Ecclesiæ Occidentalis. ≈ 4 min
  1441. Symbolum Nicænum. A.D. 325. ≈ 7 min
  1442. III. SYMBOLUM CHALCEDONENSE. ≈ 22 min
  1443. IV. SYMBOLUM QUICUNQUE. ≈ 18 min
  1444. V. SYMBOLUM CONSTANTINOPOLITANUM TERTIUM, ADVERSUS MONOTHELETAS, A.D. 680. ≈ 9 min
  1445. ROMAN SYMBOLS ≈ 1 min
  1446. I. CANONES ET DECRETA DOGMATICA CONCILII TRIDENTINI. ≈ 1 min
  1447. Third Session, held February 4, 1546. ≈ 6 min
  1448. Section 1448 ≈ 10 min
  1449. Fifth Session, held June 17, 1546. ≈ 10 min
  1450. Sixth Session, held January 13, 1547. ≈ 61 min
  1451. Seventh Session, held March 3, 1547. ≈ 19 min
  1452. Thirteenth Session, held October 11, 1551. ≈ 27 min
  1453. Fourteenth Session, held November 25, 1551. ≈ 59 min
  1454. Twenty-first Session, held July 16, 1562. ≈ 12 min
  1455. Twenty-second Session, held Sept. 17, 1562. ≈ 20 min
  1456. Twenty-third Session, held July 15, 1563. ≈ 13 min
  1457. Twenty-fourth Session, held Nov. 11, 1563. ≈ 11 min
  1458. Twenty-fifth Session, December 3–4, 1563. ≈ 15 min
  1459. Section 1459 ≈ 4 min
  1460. II. PROFESSIO FIDEI TRIDENTINÆ. ≈ 9 min
  1461. III. DECRETUM PII IX. DE IMMACULATA CONCEPTIONE BEATÆ VIRGINIS MARIÆ. ≈ 4 min
  1462. IV. SYLLABUS ERRORUM. ≈ 38 min
  1463. V. DECRETA DOGMATICA CONCILII VATICANI DE FIDE CATHOLICA ET DE ECCLESIA CHRISTI. ≈ 76 min
  1464. THE ORTHODOX CONFESSION OF THE EASTERN CHURCH. A.D. 1643. ≈ 319 min
  1465. II. DOSITHEI CONFESSIO, SIVE DECRETA XVIII. SYNODI HIEROSOLYMITANÆ. ≈ 122 min
  1466. III. THE LONGER CATECHISM OF THE ORTHODOX, CATHOLIC, EASTERN CHURCH. ≈ 2 min
  1467. INTRODUCTION TO THE ORTHODOX CATECHISM. ≈ 31 min
  1468. THE FIRST PART OF THE ORTHODOX CATECHISM. ≈ 152 min
  1469. THE SECOND PART OF THE ORTHODOX CATECHISM. ≈ 35 min
  1470. THE THIRD PART OF THE ORTHODOX CATECHISM. ≈ 63 min
  1471. CONCLUSION. ≈ 2 min
  1472. THE FOURTEEN THESES OF THE OLD CATHOLIC UNION CONFERENCE AT BONN. A.D. 1874 ≈ 21 min
  1473. THE OLD CATHOLIC AGREEMENT ON THE FILIOQUE CONTROVERSY. A.D. 1875. ≈ 14 min
  1474. APPENDIX I. ≈ 118 min
  1475. APPENDIX II. ≈ 2 min
  1476. APPENDIX III. ≈ 10 min
  1477. APPENDIX IV. ≈ 6 min
  1478. APPENDIX V. ≈ 7 min
  1479. APPENDIX VI. ≈ 8 min
  1480. APPENDIX VII. ≈ 42 min
  1481. INDEX TO VOL. II. ≈ 24 min
  1482. Index of Scripture References ≈ 19 min
  1483. Index of Citations ≈ 1 min
  1484. Index of Greek Words and Phrases ≈ 252 min
  1485. Index of Latin Words and Phrases ≈ 311 min
  1486. Index of German Words and Phrases ≈ 8 min
  1487. Index of Pages of the Print Edition ≈ 5 min
  1488. CONFESSIO AUGUSTANA. ≈ 193 min
  1489. LUTHER'S SMALL CATECHISM. A.D. 1529. ≈ 47 min
  1490. FORMULA CONCORDIÆ. ≈ 223 min
  1491. ARTICULI VISITATORII. ≈ 29 min
  1492. PART SECOND. THE CREEDS OF THE EVANGELICAL REFORMED CHURCHES. ≈ 1 min
  1493. ARTICULI SIVE CONCLUSIONES LXVII. H. ZWINGLII. A.D. 1523. ≈ 26 min
  1494. THESES BERNENSES. A.D. 1528. ≈ 6 min
  1495. CONFESSIO HELVETICA PRIOR (sive BASILEENSIS POSTERIOR). ≈ 51 min
  1496. CATECHISMUS GENEVENSIS, CONSENSUS TIGURINUS, CONSENSUS GENEVENSIS. ≈ 196 min
  1497. THE HEIDELBERG CATECHISM. A.D. 1563. ≈ 130 min
  1498. CONFESSIO FIDEI GALLICANA. ≈ 66 min
  1499. CONFESSIO BELGICA. ≈ 92 min
  1500. CONFESSIO FIDEI SCOTICANA I. ≈ 71 min
  1501. CONFESSIO FIDEI SCOTICANÆ II. ≈ 16 min
  1502. ARTICULI XXXIX. ECCLESIÆ ANGLICANÆ. A.D. 1562. ≈ 89 min
  1503. THE ANGLICAN CATECHISM. A.D. 1549, 1662. ≈ 19 min
  1504. THE LAMBETH ARTICLES. A.D. 1595. ≈ 8 min
  1505. THE IRISH ARTICLES OF RELIGION. A.D. 1615. ≈ 56 min
  1506. ARTICULI ARMINIANI sive REMONSTRANTIA. ≈ 16 min
  1507. CANONES SYNODI DORDRECHTANÆ. ≈ 143 min
  1508. THE WESTMINSTER CONFESSION OF FAITH. A.D. 1647. ≈ 220 min
  1509. THE WESTMINSTER SHORTER CATECHISM. A.D. 1647. ≈ 73 min
  1510. THE SAVOY DECLARATION OF THE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHES. A.D. 1658. ≈ 95 min
  1511. THE DECLARATION OF THE CONGREGATIONAL UNION OF ENGLAND AND WALES. A.D. 1833. ≈ 16 min
  1512. DECLARATION OF FAITH OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHES, HELD AT BOSTON, MASS., JUNE 14–24, 1865. ≈ 8 min
  1513. THE OBERLIN DECLARATION OF THE NATIONAL CONGREGATIONAL COUNCIL. A.D. 1871. ≈ 2 min
  1514. THE BAPTIST CONFESSION OF 1688. ≈ 14 min
  1515. THE NEW HAMPSHIRE BAPTIST CONFESSION. A.D. 1833. ≈ 28 min
  1516. CONFESSION OF THE FREE-WILL BAPTISTS. A.D. 1834, 1868. ≈ 19 min
  1517. THE CONFESSION OF THE WALDENSES. A.D. 1655. ≈ 43 min
  1518. THE CONFESSION OF THE CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. A.D. 1829 (1813). ≈ 22 min
  1519. THE AUBURN DECLARATION. A.D. 1837. ≈ 10 min
  1520. CONFESSION OF THE EVANGELICAL FREE CHURCH OF GENEVA. A.D. 1848. ≈ 17 min
  1521. CREED OF THE FREE CHRISTIAN CHURCH IN ITALY. ≈ 8 min
  1522. THE CONFESSION OF THE SOCIETY OF FRIENDS, COMMONLY CALLED QUAKERS. A.D. 1675. ≈ 30 min
  1523. EASTER LITANY OF THE MORAVIAN CHURCH. A.D. 1749. ≈ 21 min
  1524. METHODIST ARTICLES OF RELIGION. A.D. 1784. ≈ 18 min
  1525. ARTICLES OF RELIGION OF THE REFORMED EPISCOPAL CHURCH IN AMERICA. A.D. 1875. ≈ 34 min
  1526. THE DOCTRINAL BASIS OF THE EVANGELICAL ALLIANCE, 1846. ≈ 6 min
  1527. APPENDIX. ≈ 264 min
  1528. PART FOURTH. RECENT CONFESSIONAL DECLARATIONS AND TERMS OF CORPORATE CHURCH UNION. ≈ 1 min
  1529. I. RECENT CONFESSIONAL DECLARATIONS. ≈ 2 min
  1530. American Congregational Declarations of Faith. ≈ 12 min
  1531. The Presbyterian Church of England. ≈ 19 min
  1532. The Presbyterian Church in the United States of America. ≈ 12 min
  1533. Brief Statement of the Reformed Faith, 1902. ≈ 12 min
  1534. The Confessional Statement of the United Presbyterian Church of North America. ≈ 7 min
  1535. Protestant and Roman Catholic Catechisms. ≈ 8 min
  1536. II. THE CORPORATE UNION OF CHURCH BODIES: BASES AND TERMS. ≈ 8 min
  1537. The Reunion of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church with the Presbyterian Church, U. S. A., 1906. ≈ 3 min
  1538. The Basis of the United Lutheran Church in the United States. ≈ 4 min
  1539. The Basis of Union of the United Church of Canada. ≈ 25 min
  1540. Church Union in Scotland. ≈ 28 min
  1541. The Congregational and Christian Churches. ≈ 3 min
  1542. Methodist Church Union in England. ≈ 6 min
  1543. The Lambeth Quadrilateral. ≈ 10 min
  1544. The Lambeth Quadrilateral and the Free Churches of England. ≈ 3 min
  1545. Table of Contents ≈ 7 min
  1546. Table of Contents ≈ 5 min
  1547. The Church of England and the Roman Catholic Church. ≈ 1 min
  1548. The Protestant Episcopal Proposals ≈ 9 min
  1549. Congregational Proposals of Union. ≈ 3 min
  1550. Presbyterian Proposals of Union ≈ 6 min
  1551. IV. CHURCH ALLIANCES AND FEDERATIONS OF CHURCHES. ≈ 7 min
  1552. INDEX TO VOL. III. ≈ 16 min
  1553. Index of Scripture References ≈ 131 min
  1554. Index of Latin Words and Phrases ≈ 461 min
  1555. Index of German Words and Phrases ≈ 144 min
  1556. Index of French Words and Phrases ≈ 79 min
  1557. Index of Pages of the Print Edition ≈ 8 min
AuthorPhilip Schaff
LanguageEnglish
Era1800s
CategoriesTheology · Christian Classics
Length1557 chapters · ≈ 497 h 2 min read
FormatsWeb Book · EPUB
Status Public Domain

Public Domain.

You May Also Like

Chosen by shared author, category, subject and Scripture — never by ratings.