Chapter XXIV
RICHARD OF ST. VICTOR
person in this fullness and perfection also belongs to each other person in this fullness and perfection.
Chapter XXIV How incomprehensible supreme coequality is from every viewpoint Certainly one and the same substance is not something greater or lesser, better or worse than itself. Therefore any one person in the Trinity will not be something greater or better than any other person in the Trinity, since one and the same substance is certainly in each. The very same substance is simultaneously in each and in everyone; for this reason any two persons will not be something greater or better than any one person alone; nor will all three taken together be more than any two or any one alone by itself. However, in that trinity of persons where there are many substances, one person alone is something less than two, and all three taken together are something greater than any two. Now observe how incomprehensible is that coequality of greatness from every viewpoint and in every respect in that Trinity where unity does not lack plurality and plurality does not go beyond unity!
Chapter XXV That in that Trinity nothing is dissimilar to itself nor is it unequal to any other in anything But in order that you may admire this equality of the divine persons more, pay attention to the fact that in all other persons there is in one and the same person neither individuality without plurality nor unity without inequality.
I pass in silence over the fact that a person is able to increase or decrease and become unequal in himself.
I pass in silence over the fact that his power is one thing, his wisdom is another, his justice is another, and that he is able to be greater with respect to one thing and lesser with respect to another, and likewise better or worse. Certainly his power alone is
BOOK THREE OF THE TRINITY
dissimilar to itself and his wisdom alone is unequal to itself. The very same thing happens in other cases. Observe his power and you will discover that one thing is easy for him, another is difficult and a third is impossible. And so his power is perceived as dissimilar and unequal to itself. In a similar way one thing is understandable to wisdom, while another is incomprehensible. For what human or angelic intelligence would ever be able to comprehend the very immensity of Divinity (I remain silent concerning other things)?
While one and the same nature is more effective in some things, in other things it is less effective; in one respect it is less, in another it is greater, and is found to be dissimilar and unequal to itself. And so from these things we can gather that where there is no true simplicity, true equality cannot exist. However in that Trinity, nowhere is anything dissimilar to itself nor is it unequal to any other in anything. Surely where there is true eternity, there cannot be an earlier and a later; so also where there is unchangeable immensity, there cannot be a greater and a lesser.
In those who possess the same rational principle of eternity and immensity, no alternation or change of inequality can exist even partially because no "changing or shadow of change" is there (James 1:17). "There nothing is earlier, nothing is later; nothing is greater or lesser; but all three persons are coeternal and coequal with themselves."* Behold now we have proved by open and manifold reasoning how true that is which we are commanded to believe, namely, that we venerate "one God in Trinity and Trinity in unity."** *Athanasian Creed **Ibid.
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Editions and Translations Chatillon, Jean, ed. VEdit cTAlexandre ou les trois processions , in Richard de SaLint-Wictor, Sermons et opuscules spirituels inedits, vol.
I. Bruges, 195 L Kirchberger, Clare, trans. Richard of St. Victor, Selected Writings on Contemplation. London,
1957.
Migne, J.
P., ed. Patrologiae latinae, vol.
196.
Paris, 1855.
Ribaillier, Jean, ed. Richard de Saint-Victor, De Trinitate: texte critique avec introduction, notes et tables.
Paris, 1958.
Salet, Gaston, trans.
Richard de Saint-Victor, La Trinite.
Sources Chretiennes, 63.
Paris, 1969.
Wolff, Paul, trans. Die Viktoriner: Mystische Schriften. Wien, 1936.
Studies Andres, F. "Die Stufen der Contemplatio in Bonaventuras Itinerarium mentis ad Deum und in Benjamin major des Richards von
St. Viktor." Franziskanische Studien 8 (1921): 189-200.
Bonnard, F. Histoire de Vabbaye royale et de I'ordre des channoines reguliers de
Saint-Victor de Paris, 2 vols. Paris, 1904-1907.
Bynum, Caroline W. "The Spirituality of Regular Canons in the Twelfth Century: A New Approach." Medievalia et Humanistica
(1973):
3-24.
Chatillon, Jean. "Autour des Miscellanea attribues a Hugues de SaintVictor." Revue d'ascetique et de mystique IS (1949): 299-305.
. "De Guillaume de Champeaux a Thomas Gallus: chronique d'histoire litteraire et doctrinale de I'Ecole de Saint-Victor." Revue du moyen age latin 8 (1952): 139-162, 247-273.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
. Theologie, spiritualite et metaphysique dans Vowuvre oratoire (TAchard de Saint-Victor. Etudes de Philosophic medievale,
58.
Paris, 1969.
. "Les trois modes de la contemplation scion Richard de SaintVictor." Bulletin de litterature eccUsiastique 41 (1940): 3-26.
Chenu, M.-D.
La theologie au douzteme siecle.
Etudes de philosophic medievale, 45.
Paris, 1957.
Cousins, Ewert. "A Theology of Interpersonal Relations." Thought 45 (1970): 56-82.
Dickinson, J. C. The Origins of the Austin Canons and Their Introduction into England. London, 1950.
Ebner, Joseph. Die Erkenntnislehre Richards von Saint Viktor.
Beitrage zur Geschichte der Philosophic und Theologie des Mittclaltcrs, Band 19, heft 4. Miinster, 1917.
Ethier, A.-M. Le ''De Trinitate'' de Richard de Saint-Victor. Publications de rinstitut d'Etudes medievalcs d'Ottawa, 9. Paris-Ottawa, 1939.
Guimet, Fernand.
''Caritas ordinata et amor discretus dans la theologie trinitaire de Richard de Saint-Victor." Revue du moyen age latin 4 (1948): 225-236.
.'' Archives . "Notes in marge d'un texte de Richard de S^Ant-Wictor d'histoire litteraire et doctrinale du moyen age 14 (1943-1945): 361-394.
McGinn, Bernard. "Ascension and Introversion in the Itinerarium Mentis in Deum,'' S. Bonaventura 1274-1974. Rome: Grottaferrata, 1974, III, pp. 535-552.
Peers, E. Allison. Bernardino de Laredo, The Ascent of Mount Sion. London, 1952.
Robilliard, J. A.
"Les six genres de contemplation chez Richard de Saint-Victor et leur origine platonicienne."
Revue des sciences philosophiques et theologiques 28 (1939): 229-233.
Smalley, Beryl. The Study of the Bible in the Middle Ages, 2nd ed. Oxford, 1952.
Weisweiler, H. ''Sacramentum ftdei: Augustinische und ps.-dionysiche in der Glaubenauffassung Hugos von St. Viktor." Theologie in Geschichte und Gegenwart , hsgb. von J. Auer und H. Volk. Miinchen, 1957, pp.
433-456.
Zinn, Jr., Grover A. "Book and Word. The Background of Bonaventure's Use of Symbols." S. Bonaventura 1274-1974. Rome: Grottaferrata,
1974), II, pp. 143-169.
. "Personification Allegory and Visions of Light in Richard of St.
Victor's Teaching on Contemplation." University of Toronto Quarterly 46 (1977): 190-214.
INDEX TO
PREFACE AND
INTRODUCTION
Butler, Dom Cuthbert, 12.
Bynum, Caroline W., 8.
Aaron, 39, 40, 43.
Abelard, Peter, 8, 10.
Abraham, 17, 23, 33, 36, 39, Canons, 8-9.
40, 42.
Cassian, John, 12-13, 21.
Alain de Lille, 1 1 Celestial Hierarchies, 4.
Chadwick, Owen, 12.
Allegory, 10, 11, 15, 22, 45.
Andres, F., 5, 24.
Anselm of Canterbury, xv.
Charity, and contemplation, xv; in God, 46-48; nature of, 46, Anticlaudianus, 11.
De area Noe morali, 14.
De area Noe mystica, 14.
Ark of the Covenant, 7, 22, 23, 47; presence of, 9.
Chatillon, Jean, 3, 6, 11, 19, 24, 36, 48.
Chenu, M-D., 4.
32, 33, 34, 45; construction Christ, the Bridegroom, 40; and of, 34, 35, 36.
Ascent of Mount Sion, 5. soul, 9; transfiguration of, Asceticism, and contemplation, 10, 11, 20, 21.
Constable, Giles, 2, 5.
1, 11, 13, 48; and discipline, Contemplation, cf. also Ecstasy; 16, 18. and action, 12, 13; affective way of, 5-6; ascent of, xiv, Asher, 16.
Athanasian Creed, 46.
XV, 24-36; and asceticism, 1, Augustine, 1, 5, 12, 34, 38, 46.
Augustinian Canons, 3.
11, 13, 48; definition of, 23-24; degrees of, 24-36, 45; and discipline, 3, 7, 16; and Bala, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16. grace, 7, 30, 39-40; joy of, Battles, Ford Lewis, 16.
The Benedictines, 3, 8, 9.
11, 17, 42; life of, 1, 22; modes of, 36-43, 45; nature Benjamin, 19, 21. of, xiii, 22, 23; object of, 24, Bernard of Clairvaux, 1, 4, 5, 25, 30, 31; preparation for, 7; 10.
Bemadino de Laredo, 5. pursuit of, 16, 17, 44; varieties of, 7, 34.
The Cistercians, 3, 4, 8, 9, 38.
Bezeleel, 23, 33.
Bible, cf. Scripture.
Bonaventure, xi, 1, 4-5, 27.
The Cloud of Unknowing, 5.
Cousins, Ewert, 46.
Bonnard, F., 3.
God, attributes of, 25, 28; fear Dan, 15, 16.
Dante Alighieri, xi, 1.
Denys the Carthusian, 5. of, 11, 13; forgiveness of, 13; image of, 9, 20, 29, 48; kingdom of, 29; knowledge Dickinson, J.C., 3.
Dina, 18, 19. of, 27; life of, 48; love of, 13, Dionysius the 38, 39; perfection of, 9; plurality of persons in, 46-48; and soul, 14; unity of, 32, pseudo'Areopagite, 1, 4, 5, 22, 26, 30, 33, 43.
Dumeige, Gervais, 2, 6, 47.
46; wisdom of, 15, 28, 29.
Grace, 7, 30, 39-40.
Gregory of Nyssa, 20.
Gregory the Great, 1, 12, 34.
Guimet, Femand, 47.
Ebner, Joseph, 24.
Ecclesiastes, 1:5, 29.
Ecstasy, causes of, 37, 40, 41, 42; and contemplation, 13, Harphius, 5.
19, 21, 22, 32, 33, 36, 39, 41; desire for, 40; and God, Hilton, Walter, 5.
Holy of HoUes, 36, 39, 43.
Horeb, Mt., 39.
Hugh of Balma, 5.
Hugh of St. Victor, 3, 4, 10, 39-40; and prophecy, 37; stages of, 21; and "unknowing", 33, 43.
Eliade, Mircea, 22.
Elijah, 23, 39, 42.
14, 23, 27, 30, 44, 46.
Elisha, 42.
Emor, 18.
Imagination, and ark, 35; and Epistemology, 11, 12, 25. contemplation, 24, 25, 26, Emisius, 3, 4.
29, 32; control of, 15, 16, 17; and reason, 12, 14, 16, 19, Ethier, A.-M., 47.
Evagrius, 21.
25, 26, 27, 28.
Experience, of charity, 47; Isaiah, 28:10, 13, 38. contemplative, 23, 41; of Issachar, 17.
Itinerarium mentis in Deum, 5, divine showings, 19, 21; ecstatic, 40, 43; 27. interpretation of, 17; mystical, 22; of sense, 16; and spirituality, 2; understanding of, 8.
Jacob, 6, 7, 10-11, 13, 21.
Joseph, 19, 20.
Judah, 13, 17.
Kirchberger, Clare, xii-xiii, 3, Father, 11.
Franciscan tradition, 5.
4, 5, 20, 41.
Gad, 16.
Leah, 11-12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18.
Gildiun, 2-3, 4.
Levi, 13, 18.
Light, and ecstasy, 21; visions 4-5; life of, 3-4; psychology of, 19-20, 21, 22, 37. of, 14.
Richard of St. Victor, works of, Liturgy, xiv, 4, 39, 43, 46, 48.
Lossky, Vladimir, 22. dating of, 6-7; editions of, 2, 7, 44, 48; and translation, Ladner, G., 20. xii, xiii, xiv, xv, 8, 25, 44, Mamre, 33, 39, 40.
Matthew, 13:44, 29.
McGinn, Bernard, 5, 24.
46, 48-49; Allegories of the Tabernacle of the Covenant, 6; Allegories of the Tabernacle of Moses, 17, 23, 33, 34, 36, 39, Moses, 9, 44-46, 48; Benjamin Major, xiii, 7; Benjamin 42, 43; tabernacle of, 7.
Minor, xiii, 5, l\De Mysticism, 1, 4, 22, 38. exterminatione mali et promotione boni, 6; The Four Naphtali, 15, 16, 17.
Nebo, Mt., 36.
Degrees of Violent Charity, xv, Nebuchadnezzar, 33.
9, 39; The Mystical Ark, xiii, xiv, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 17, 22-24, Otto, Rudolph, 40.
45, 48; The Twelve Patriarchs, xiii, xiv, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10-22, 30, 31, 38, 42, ^%',The Paul, 29.
Trinity, xiv, xv, 6, 9, 46-48, Paris, schools of, 2, 3, 4.
Peter, 17, 41, 42.
49.
Peter Damian, 1.
RobbiUiard, J.A., 24.
Ruben, 13, 17.
Pharaoh, 33.
Rule of St. Augustine, 3,7.
Prudentius, 11.
Psychomachia, 11.
Ruysbroek, 5.
St. Victor, Abbey of, exegesis Rachel, 6, 11-12, 13, 14, 19, of, 11, 22, 28; history of, xii, 21.
2-4; importance of, 3; school Reason, and ark, 35; and of, xiv; spirituality of, 3, 4, contemplation, 24, 25, 28, 16, 26, 31, 45, 46.
29, 32; and faith, 46; and Scale of Perfection, 5. imagination, 12, 14, 16, 19, Scripture, figures of, 39, 41, 42; 25, 26, 27, 28; necessary, xv, senses of, 6, 15, 28; and 46; transcending of, 19, 21, spirituality, 4; and 25, 29, 32. symbolism, 11, 15, 17, 18, Ribaillier, Jean, 49.
Richard of St. Victor, 19, 20, 23, 28, 32, 33.
Self, awareness of, 17; importance of, xi, xii, 1; and discipline of, 13, 16; individuality, 2, 8 9, 13, 31, knowledge of, 19, 20, 29; 46, 48; influence of, xi, 1, 2,
love of, 47; return to, 45; and liturgy, 39; material, 16; and virtue, 17; and world, 12.
Scripture, 11, 15, 17, 18, 19, Seraphim, 7, 23, 32, 33, 34, 35, 20, 23, 28, 32, 33, 42, 44, 45.
36, 45.
Sheba, Queen of, 17, 23, 41, Tabernacle, 5, 23, 39, 43, 44, 42.
Sichem, 18.
45.
Simeon, 13, 18.
Tauler, 5.
Teresa of Avila, 5.
The Transfiguration, 10, 11, Sin, grief for, 13; penalty for, 18; shame for, 10, 18; and virtue, 17.
20, 21, 22, 36.
Sinai, Mt. of, 34, 36, 43.
Trinity, 24, 31, 32, 46-48.
Tropology, 7, 15, 21, 22, 23, Smalley, Beryl, 1 1.
Solomon, 41.
Song of Songs, 23, 38, 40, 41.
37, 40, 45.
Soul, and charity, 9; and Understanding, and ark, 35; and contemplation, 24, 25, contemplation, 7, 28, 29; and devotion, 40; and ecstasy, 41, 29, 31, 32.
43; food for, 45; and harmony, 31; knowledge of, The Victorines, cf.
St. Victor, Abbey of.
29; mirror of, 20, 21; nature of, 30; powers of, 11; Virtue, 6, 17, 18, 19, 31. preparation of, 38; rational, Weisweiler, H., 30.
11, 28, 31; Spirit in, 31; William of Champeaux, 2, 3. spouse of, 14.
William of St. Thierry, 1.
Speculation, 25-30, 34.
Williams, Charles, 47.
Spirituality, cf. also St. Victor, Abbey of; ascent to, 27, 30, Yankowski, S.V., xiii.
43, 45, 46; life of, 17, 43; quest for, 17, 18, 19; of Zabulon, 17.
Richard, xi, 8; of 12th century, 2, 4; works of, xii.
Zelpha, 12, 13, 16.
Symbol, and ecstasy, 40, 43; Zinn, Grover, xi, xii, xv, 4, 10, and knowledge, 26-27; and 44.
INDEX TO TEXT
Anselm, 376.
Aaron, 196, 305-307, 308, 309.
Abraham, 274, 278, 279, 281, Apostles, 78, 318, 329, 331.
Aristotle, 133, 177.
286, 311, 320, 321.
Arius, 296.
Abstinence, 77-86, 90, 97; Ark, building of, 152, 171, excessive, 114-115, 116; love of, 78, 81; and praise, 82-83; works of, 83.
177, 224, 267, 304, 309, 311; carrying of, 310, 311; cherubim of, 171-173, 259, Action, 84; cf. Man, Work.
261, 263, 265-273, 279, 281, Acts, 5:19-20, 331; 5:41, 78; 286, 289, 290, 292, 295-300, 9:17-18, 230; 12:3-10, 329; 302, 304, 348, 360, 361; of 12:6-7, 326; 12:11, 321, 332.
Adam, 200, 202. conscience, 230; corners of, 205-207, 210-214, 355-356, Affection, alien, 284, 287, 288; divine, 287; and Holy Spirit, 368; of the covenant, 153, 154, 345-347; covering of, 82; illicit, 72; and inspiration, 57; and love, 65-66; of mind, 221, 223, 225, 267, 273, 304, 352, 362; crown of, 171, 327; and praise, 82, 83; order190-199, 226-229, 267, 304, ing of, 60, 65, 80, 96, 352, 365-367, 370; 117-118, 127, 254, 255; and dimensions of, 178-182, reason, 58, 82, 83, 240, 254; 193-195, 349-351; gilding of, ruling of, 121-123; and 171, 183-189, 196, 222-226, sensation, 57, 58, 78; of soul, 229, 267, 304, 348, 351, 352, 55, 58, 60, 65, 110, 127, 246, 369; of the Lord, 153, 154, 247, 252, 253, 254, 255, 287, 305, 308, 309; mystical, 151, 318, 339; variety of, 109, 155, 170, 171; oracle of, 269, 117, 252, 253, 255, 257, 284, 271, 300, 306; poles of, 285; and virtue, 55, 59, 82.
214-217, 219, 356-357, 369, Allegory, 56, 283, 344, 370; propitiatory, 171, 197, 364-367.
219-230, 237-239, 241, Anagogy, 283, 364-367.
243-249, 258, 269, 270-273, Angels, 74, 132, 155, 170, 197, 289, 297-300, 304, 352, 219, 225, 231, 237, 239, 240, 357-362; rings of, 206-210, 257, 259, 261, 266, 267, 268, 212, 214-219, 352-356, 270, 326, 330, 331, 332, 335, 367-368, 370; of 377, 397.
sanctification, 151-153, 347; 387; as pleasing, 376, 377, 388, 389; of soul, 326; sides of, 205, 206, 214, 353, 355; of understanding, 194, supreme, 374, 375, 378-380, 393; and three persons, 386, 356, 357; veil of, 305, 309-311; of wisdom, 175-177, 387; true, 374, 379, 389; and 224, 255; wood of, 174, 175, virtues, 318.
Christ, 103; abuse for, 78; and 177, 198, 222, 226, 348, 349, ark, 151; body of, 145, 352, 369.
Asher (Patience), 77-83, 86-91.
294-295; crucifixion of, 177; Athanasian Creed, 381, 394, disciples of, 135, 136, 137, 139, 140, 144, 312; and 397.
Augustine, 127.
Father, 294; following of, 135, 137, 243; glory of, 154; hope in, 242-243; soul of, Baal, 96.
Bala, 58, 59, 80, 120; and 294-295; suffering of, 154, imagination, 66, 67, 68, 120; 294, 295; transfiguration of, 136, 137, 138, 139; and sons of, 67, 70, 72, 77, 84.
Balaam, 374. witness, 138, 139.
Church, 99, 181, 230.
Baruch, 3:11, 241.
Benevolence, 377, 387, 388, Colossians, 2:9, 294; 3:5, 169.
Compassion, 87, 98, 330.
389, 392.
Benjamin (Contemplation), 53, Confession, 63-66, 177.
Conscience, 84, 117, 283; 129-132, 139-147. defiling of, 110; fear for, 81; Bezeleel, 302, 304, 308, 309. gladness of, 78, 89; and Carmel, 77. judgment, 104; purification of, 225, 248; and shame, 117; Catholicism, 159, 177, 188, witness of, 89, 363.
301.
Causes, 183, 186, 188, 213, Consolation, 99, 115, 211, 213, 287, 288, 301, 338; divine, 222, 234, 348, 349, 351.
330; and repentence, 62; Cedar, 313, 314.
Charity, 257; of. also Love; spiritual, 88, 128, 196. concordant, 393; disordered, Contemplation, cf. Ecstasy, 375; divine, 387; and fear, Grace, Speculation; ascent 122; fervor of, 97; fullness of, in, 133-138; 141, 142, 172, 380, 386, 387; of God, 232, 190, 192, 193, 223, 224, 225, 257, 276; and Judah, 98; lack 228, 232, 260, 300, 315, 356, 361; beginning of, 174, 177, of, 374, 376, 386, 387; longing for, 198; and mind, 183; of celestial things, 57, 109; nature of, 374, 380, 389; 80, 142, 162, 164, 169, 170, perfection of, 375, 379, 386, 221, 232, 277, 287, 320, 326,
342; of corporeal things, 156, 153, 154, 206, 324, 335, 336; and understanding, 57, 75, 164, 168, 171, 176, 183, 190, 198; of God, 129, 132, 197, 146, 156, 157, 164-166, 252, 198, 237, 266, 272-274, 276, 270, 323, 357; of visible 289, 297, 298, 303, 304, 306, things, 161-165, 174, 183, 189-193, 217, 220, 347, 348, 321, 332, 335, 345-348, 360; and imagination, 66, 147, 356, 361; and will, 239, 246; and wonder, 156-158, 161, 161, 162, 164-166, 171, 172, 183, 189, 199, 203, 204, 220, 164, 165, 173, 174, 182-186, 222, 226, 252, 260, 263, 348, 198, 208, 214-216, 222, 239, 357, 360; of invisible things, 240, 247, 250, 255, 268, 272, 66, 146, 162-165, 168, 170, 279, 285.
172, 190, 192, 193, 199, 200, Contrition, 61, 266, 268, 318, 219, 306, 323, 331, 347, 348, 346.
356, 361; and joy, 55, 75, 1 Corinthians, 2:9, 227, 360; 2:10, 233; 4:4, 230; 4:7, 107, 134, 135, 143, 144, 158, 163, 173, 198, 212, 215-216, 223, 224; 6:17, 329; 12:3, 244; 227, 247, 250, 289, 316, 317, 12:4, 8-10, 257; 12:11, 244; 340, 356; kinds of, 132, 145, 13:12, 129, 336; 15:32, 243; 160-173, 182-184, 187, 15:40-41, 170.
2 Corinthians, 1:12, 89, 248; 189-204, 217, 219, 221, 242, 244, 249, 259-265, 269-273, 2:16, 381; 3:18, 268, 277, 289, 290, 292, 297, 300, 302, 323; 4:7, 230; 5:7, 129; 10:17, 304, 305, 310, 347-349, 352, 224; 12:2, 131, 272, 343; 357, 360; and meditation, 57, 12:3, 92; 12:6, 224.
146, 155-158; modes of, Covenant, ark of, 153, 154, 345, 346; and perfection, 158-160, 208, 216, 310-312, 314; nature of, 155-157; ray 344; tabernacle of, 152, 305, of, 204-206, 270, 308, 310; and reason, 129, 131-132, 306, 344.
Creation, goods of, 238, 243, 247, 358; love for, 374; of 145, 147, 161-167, 172, 173, 199, 203-204, 222, 252, rational creatures, 239, 358; 260-263, 269-271, 289, 357, of world, 57, 119, 154, 175, 360; and speculation, 190, 198, 250.
335-336; spiritual, 132-135, Damascus, 77.
Dan (Judgment), 70-74, 80, 228, 234, 238, 273, 342; stages of, 178-183, 187, 195, 84-86, 89.
225, 226, 238, 239, 243, 245, Daniel, 2:1, 309.
249, 250, 252, 254, 256, 258, David, 153, 230, 255, 269, 304.
264, 311, 312, 349; and thought, 155-158; and truth.
Delight, cf. Joy.
Deuteronomy, 6:5, 60; 32:11, of, 130, 131, 163; love of, 315; 33:12, 143; 34:1, 311.
154, 213, 266, 282, 288, 319; Dina (Shame), 102-117, 124. mysteries of, 232, 234; Discipline, and abstinence, 116; nature of, 163, 261, 382, 383; of body, 344; exterior, 344, patience of, 282; persons, 347; and Holy Spirit, 72; 373, 375, 377, 378, 379, 380, interior, 344, 347; of mind, 381, 382, 387, 388, 389, 390, 344; of morals, 181, 366; of 392, 396; plurality of, 375, 378, 382; power of, 61, 276; senses, 84, 85-86; of thought, 84, 85-86; and virtue, 53, 84, praise of, 339, 341; promises, 124, 128, 255; of works, 72.
242, 341; providence of, 172, Discretion, 154, 215, 250; 272, 276; secrets of, 151, grace of, 129, 346; and 170, 274, 283, 326, 328, 331, judgment, 71, 84, 124, 232, 383; services of, 181; severity of, 331; showing of, 57, 137, 239; and love, 380; nature of, 139, 141, 145-147, 153, 163, 125-126; perfection of, 124, 126-127; and reason, 216, 241, 260, 262, 267, 273, 124-125, 126, 129, 171, 358; 288, 300, 301, 302, 307, 311, of soul, 126, 127, 243; and 312, 314, 319, 320, 322, 325, thought, 157, 266; and 326-332, 362; speculation of, 260, 264, 298, 299, 345; virtue, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 254.
Spirit of, 132, 231, 237; Divinity, cf. God, Judgment; substance of, 373, 376, 381, and Christ, 294; commands 382; supereminence of, 272, of, 186, 224, 368; example 273; sweetness of, 286, 334; of, 221, 225, 246, 258; teaching of, 153; true, 374, fullness of, 380; gifts of, 180, 375, 376, 380, 386, 387; 238, 239, 336, 339; glory of, unchangeability of, 379; unity of, 296, 373, 381, 382; 93, 116, 376, 386, 394; goodness of, 256, 339, 341, will of, 330; wisdom of, 137, 387, 394; happiness, 375; 207, 209, 217, 218, 356; works of, 184, 185, 208, 215, help of, 172, 201, 244, 327; image of, 300; 216, 310, 346. incomprehensibility of, 267, 278; inspiration of, 57, 136, Ecclesiastes, 1:1, 175; 1:5, 231; 140, 151, 153, 165, 244, 245, 1:5-6, 231; 1:6, 232; 3:11, 256, 273, 301, 303, 304, 309, 176; 4:12, 378; 7:3, 243; 9:12, 314, 318, 329, 342, 359; 170. instruction of, 177, 181, 182, Ecclesiasticus, 10:9, 334; 24:20, 183, 184, 194, 227, 242, 351; 196; 24:27, 196; 31:8, 79. justice, 186, 217, 239; light Ecstasy, of alienation, 317;
61, 68, 70, 80, 247; and contemplative, 288, 289, 302, 322, 335, 340; and desire, good, 68, 94, 95, 232, 287; guard against, 247, 271; and 318, 319, 320; and devotion, 316, 317-318, 320-322, 324; and divine favor, 337-339; guilt, 94, 113; internal, 84; and justice.
111, 118, 208; and patience, 78; reforming and exultation, 316, 332-336, 339, 341; gift of, 305; of of, 206, 210; satisfaction for, mind, 53, 139-141, 142, 143, 242; torments, 70, 71, 73, 144, 228, 241, 268, 272, 276, 80, 86, 94, 113, 209, 211, 213, 233, 355; and will, 73, 277, 278, 289, 301, 302, 304, 305, 306, 309, 312, 316-323, 121, 247.
Exodus, 2:40, 270; 3:14, 304; 325-328, 332, 335-337, 339, 342; modes of, 317-336, 13:21, 336; 15:11, 270; 337-339; and showing, 278, 23:16-18, 311; 25:9, 267; 319-322, 326-332; of soul, 25:18-20, 259; 25:19, 269; 267; and wonder, 316, 25:20, 271, 289; 25:22, 300; 322-326, 327, 328.
25:40, 304; 29:37, 152; 32, Egypt, 145, 146, 147, 202.
97.
Experience, of Christ, 138; and Egyptians, 125, 187. contemplation, 75, 131, 160, Elijah, 96, 136, 138, 139, 274, 287, 306, 310, 315; of joy, 276, 279, 281, 286.
90, 98, 333; and judgment, Elisha, 339.
Emor, 106, 107, 110.
71; and knowledge, 53, 98, Ephesians, 2:20, 196.
136, 162, 163, 166, 179, 191, 200, 202, 241,-242, 245, 261, Equity, cf. Justice.
Essence, difference of, 222, 262, 315, 359, 382; sense, 78; of soul, 75, 130; teaching of, 270; divine, 270, 273, 289, 395; of God, 290, 291, 296; 53, 56, 59, 124, 125, 202, invisible, 219, 222; nature of, 240, 245, 332, 343, 376, 383; and understanding, 248; and 240, 242; of soul, 235, 240, 249, 358; spiritual, 238, 242, will, 241.
243; sublimity of, 239; of Ezechiel, 169, 183.
Trinity, 394, 395.
Ezechiel, 1:6, 169; 1:14, 160; Eve, 200.
1:16, 196; 28:12-13, 269; Evil, 54; bearing of, 54, 77, 80, 40:26, 183.
99, 113; consideration of, 60; and discretion, 128, 254; and Faith, 56, 141, 145, 184, 188, disorder, 60; escape from, 189, 214, 218, 248, 262, 263, 232; external, 84; and fear, 279, 294, 296, 301, 360, 363, 118-121, 122; forgetting of, 365, 367, 373, 378.
Father, and Christ, 294; gifts 95; forgiveness of, 64; future.
of, 55; glorifying of, 116; and Holy Spirit, 140, 292, 293, 127; 37:10, 126; 41:1-8, 309; 49:3, 121; 49:4, 118, 119; 296, 299; and Laban, 154; of 49:5-6, 115; 49:7, 116, 123; lights, 55; Kingdom of, 88; 49:13, 99; 49:14-15, 93; of mercy, 229; secrets of, 49:15, 107; 49:16, 72; 49:19, 136; and Son, 136, 140, 141, 85; 49:20, 88; 49:21, 75, 77; 262, 292, 293, 296, 299; 49:22, 126.
Gethim, 313. voice of, 136, 139, 140; wisdom of, 299.
The Fathers, 373.
Gilead, 77, 311.
Glorification, 248; certitude of, 248; goods of, 238.
God, cf. Contemplation, Fear, 109, 117; efficacy of, 120-123; excessive, 118-120, 123; and grief, 61, 63, 202; Divinity, Lord, Trinity; of Lord, 60, 63, 81, 82, 121, anger of, 97; blessing of, 142; 122, 275; ordering of, 60-61, bride of, 101; care of, 217. command of, 200, 363; as 117, 118-123; and other affections, 121-123; proper, creator, 104, 113, 133, 174, 119; of punishment, 61, 65, 175, 187, 194, 197, 203, 219, 80; of sin, 61; in soul, 252, 224, 238, 240, 243, 244, 250, 276; vain, 90; and wisdom, 270, 298; depths of, 233, 237; disposition of, 205-210, 224; of world, 78, 80, 91.
Forgiveness, of God, 64, 287; 212-215, 217-218, 223, hope for, 62, 65; of injuries, 353-357; foreknowledge of, 206-210, 214-215, 217-218, 87.
Form, and imagination, 219; 353-355, 357; gifts of, 64, and speculation, 179-180, 101, 107, 121, 131, 211, 214, 182, 194, 350.
217, 224, 229, 238, 245, 257, 308, 315, 355; glory of, 83, Fortitude, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 377, 378, 387, 394; goodness 105, 106, 121, 135, 154, 193, 214, 215, 329. of, 64, 154, 211, 212, 218, 291; help of, 244; honor of, Gad (Abstinence), 77-87, 89-91.
64, 387; house of, 202, 203; image of, 129, 141, 219, 240, Galatians, 5:22, 257.
Gehenna, 70, 86, 101, 213.
250, 269, 298, 361, 362; Genesis, 1:26, 129; 1:27, 269; incomprehensibility of, 278, 291, 292; invisible things of, 3:19, 334; 13:14, 312; 13:14-15, 311; 18:1, 274; 57; justice of, 65, 188, 189, 205, 218; Kingdom of, 229; knowledge of, 61, 129, 132, 18:1-2, 320; 18:33, 278; 29:32, 61; 29:34, 63; 30:1, 65:
141, 154, 206-211, 214-215, 30:11, 13, 78; 30:16, 83; 217-218, 224, 265, 266, 30:20, 101; 34, 110; 37:2,
95, 232, 239, 287; and fear, 353-355, 357; love of, 60, 64, 120-121, 122; fullness of, 374, 65, 78, 79, 81, 90, 153, 197, 375, 376, 387;of future, 68, 211, 212, 213, 257, 288, 289, 327, 356, 363; mysteries of, 70, 71, 74, 94, 194, 238; 255; 341; nature of, 74, 296; highest, 95, 162, 192, 219; offenses against, 83, 127, invisible, 71, 191, 192, 197, 210; peace of, 90; persons in, 198, 352; longing for, 74, 114, 223, 240; love of, 65, 141, 260, 292, 296, 301; pleasing of, 152; power of, 122, 142, 143, 256; and moderation, 77; of neighbor, 193, 237, 250, 291, 293, 335, 377, 386; predestination of, 109; perfection of, 374, 392; 206-212, 214-215, 217-218, present, 71, 74, 79, 80, 94, 146, 211, 212, 243, 356; and 353-357; presence of, 81, prosperity, 206, 211, 212; 113, 224, 229, 250, 276, 292; spiritual, 89, 255; supreme, retribution of, 113; revelation of, 228; secrets of, 315; 375, 376, 378, 379, 380, 386, serving of, 255; severity of, 391; true, 90, 146, 211, 223, 211, 266; and shame, 376, 391; uniformity of, 394; variety of, 255; and will, 116-117; simplicity of, 290, 121, 122; and wisdom, 375, 291, 293; soldier of, 96; sons of, 101; and soul, 62, 63; 379.
Grace, 64, 97, 101, 128, 131, Spirit of, 176, 228; substance 225, 265; and ark, 152; and of, 260, 292-297, 301; sweetness of, 63, 317; is Christ, 294; of contemplation, 75, 129, truth, 65; unchangeable, 290, 130-131, 142, 143, 146, 291, 293; unity in, 141, 260, 153-155, 172, 173, 205, 265, 293, 295, 296, 300, 301, 362, 381; union with, 259; vision 267, 273, 274, 275, 277, 305, 307, 308-310, 314, 315, 339, of, 130; will of, 243, 244, 344, 346, 347, 353, 360, 363; 250, 256, 276, 298, 301, 379, 386; wisdom of, 74, 152, cooperation of, 245, 256, 276, 305, 308, 310; desired, 187, 192, 206, 207, 211, 277, 279; of discretion, 129, 217-218, 237, 240, 291, 335, 346; of healing, 257; and 353, 357, 377; works of, 175, knowledge, 337; of 189, 197, 204, 206, 208, 233, meditation, 146; prevenient, 237, 244, 250, 257, 353-355; worship of, 112, 198.
Good, cf. Creation, God; 135; regained, 339-343; of showings, 278, 279, 330; of similitude, 196; in soul, 231, confession of, 64; corporeal, 245, 279-284, 287; and 198; eternal, 74, 94, 101, 211, 212; and evil, 68, 94, teaching of others, 308, 309;
258; and joy, 257; and Son, withdrawn, 232, 245; and 292, 293, 296, 299; and soul, work, 244, 256, 308-310, 319; and virtue, 82; will of, 312.
Grief, 109, 117; bread of, 202; and contrition, 61; and fear, 244, 245, 256, 257; withdrawing of, 72.
Hope, 109, 117, 184, 367; in 61, 63, 121, 122; and joy, Christ, 242-243; delayed, 386, 387; ordering of, 117, 130, 284; of eternal 123; patience in, 113-114; for happiness, 86, 122; false, 90; and fear, 118, 122; of sin, 61, 62, 109, 113, 202; of soul, 121, 130, 131, 253, forgiveness, 62, 65; for improvement, 113-114; joy 276, 284.
Habacuc, 160.
Habacuc, 2:1, 313; 3:11, 160. in, 97, 122; for justice, 248; in Lord, 337; and mind, 276, Happiness, cf. Joy.
Hate, 117; for evil, 122; of God, 127; ordering of, 96, 277, 322: ordering of, 62, 123; of redemption, 363.
Humility, 83, 97, 102, 108, 170, 254, 257.
123; for sin, 102, 117; in soul, 252, 253; for vice, 96, Illumination, 55; by divine 97-98, 101, 102, 117.
Heaven, exterior, 233; first, showing, 57, 312, 330; and contemplation, 156, 204, 132, 233, 234, 236; highest, 216, 312; and grace, 337; from Lord, 241; and light, 235, 236, 237; joy of, 101; Kingdom of, 55, 214, 229, 130, 192; of man, 240; of 230, 237; longing for, 79, mind, 239; of reason, 82; of 316; love for, 153; second, soul, 303, 337; of 132, 233, 234, 236; third, understanding, 216, 303, 131, 132, 170, 227, 233, 234, 343.
Hebrews, 125, 154.
HeU, 70.
314.
Imagination, 250; cf. al so Bala; and contemplation, 66^ 147, Holiness, and ark, 151; of 161, 162, 164, 165, 166, 171, Lord, 175, 187; and love of God, 153; of soul, 318, 172, 183, 189, 199, 203-204, 220, 222, 226, 252, 260, 263, 326-327, 330, 334, 338; and 348, 357, 360; and discretion, 125; and fear, 120; and first virtue, 255.
Holy of Holies, 152, 231, 305, heaven, 233-234; of future, 71; going beyond, 162, 166, 307, 310.
Holy Spirit, and Father, 140, 167, 172, 226; interpretation 292, 293, 296, 299; fruits of, of, 69; kinds of, 67-68, 69; and knowledge, 171; and 257; and grace, 256, 257,
meditation, 71; and memory, Jacob, 54, 75, 83, 111, 115, 59, 66, 67; and mind, 165, 116, 117, 123, 126, 127, 154; children of, 117; and Ruben, 343; ordering of, 68, 69, 70, 80, 120; phantasies of, 219, 118-123; sons of, 53, 59, 62, 251, 263, 360; and reason, 90; wives of, 53, 55, 59, 60, 63, 68.
57, 58, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, James, 135.
161, 162, 165, 166, 171, 172, 189, 190, 199, 203-204, 222, James, 1:12, 79; 1:17, 55, 290, 263, 264, 348-349, 357; and 293, 397. speculation, 69-71; and sense, Jeremiah, 2:10, 313; 17:9, 233; 58, 80, 174; and thinking, 31:21, 313.
156; and understanding, 69, Jerusalem, 55; heavenly, 67, 70.
70, 146, 163, 167; and vice, Jericho, 311.
58-59; and visible things, Job, 126, 189, 240, 333.
203, 204, 233.
Job, 5:6, 189; 19:4, 240; 27:6, Intellect, blindness of, 241; and 230; 30:7, 333.
John, 67, 135, 137, 140, 144, invisible things, 234, 237; limits of, 241, 261; of man, 328, 330.
239; purity of, 219, 220; and John, 1:9, 192, 240; 3:8, 245; reason, 65, 261; and spirit, 3:12, 138; 3:20-21, 321; 14:6, 328; and third heaven, 233, 135; 15:5, 244; 15:15, 288; 235.
17:3, 265; 17:5, 154.
Intention, changing of, 110-113; and discretion, 126, 254; 1 John, 1:8, 101; 2:15, 60; 2:27, 330. enlarged, 276; of mind, 126, Joseph (Discretion), 124-130, 141, 145-147.
127, 318; raising of, 284.
Isaiah, 269, 315.
Joshua, 198, 307.
Joy, 117, 257; cf. Lord; and Isaiah, 1:19, 244; 4:5-6, 272; abstinence, 79; of beatitude, 7:9, 189; 9:7, 255; 22:13, 243; 78-79; birth of, 89-91; of 28:10, 13, 279, 282, 339; conscience, 78, 89; of 38:13, 236; 40:6, 338; 40:17, contemplation, 55, 75, 134, 269; 40:31, 315; 48:22, 333; 135, 143, 144, 158, 163, 173, 55:10, 196; 56:12, 243; 57:21, 198, 212, 215-216, 223, 227, 333; 60:4, 160; 60:8, 312; 247, 250, 289, 316, 317, 340, 64:4, 227; 64:6, 93.
Israel, 142; elders of, 307; God 356; and ecstasy, 332-336; eternal, 80, 86, 91, 96, 101, of, 154; people of, 105, 241, 153, 175, 181, 203, 249, 394; 244; tribes of, 72, 73. exterior, 91, 143, 338; and Israelites, 142. fear, 122; fullness of, 375, Issachar (Reward), 91-98, 107, 376, 377, 379, 386, 390; 117, 122.
243, 254, 355, 367, 368. inner, 91-95, 96, 97, 117, Justification, 243, 248, 347, 143, 249, 333; invisible, 192; 359; goods of, 238, 247; work longing for, 92, 197, 203; of, 244. ordered, 90, 109, 123; sharing of, 387, 388; of soul, 1 Kings (RSV), 10:1-3, 326.
163, 208, 227, 253, 281, 333, 2 Kings (RSV), 3:15, 339.
334, 338, 339, 341, 342, 388; 3 Kings, 10:1-3, 326; 10:4-5, spiritual, 83, 88, 90, 91, 97, 98, 128, 202, 221, 282, 332, 327; 19:4, 275; 19:10, 96; 338, 340; of spirits, 74, 232; 19:13, 274. supreme, 378, 386, 387, 388, 4 Kings, 3:15, 339.
Knowledge, cf. Experience; 389, 390, 393; in tribulation, above, 315; and ark, 153, 214; true, 89-91, 92, 95, 107, 109, 333, 340, 376; of world, 181, 182, 183; certitude of, 101, 197.
123, 179, 241, 245, 350, 362; and contemplation, 132, Judah (Confession), 63-66, 98, 179-181, 252, 264, 313; of 117, 118, 122.
Judgment, and conscience, 104; corporeal things, 57, 70, 75, of discretion, 71, 84, 124, 76, 112, 129, 138, 171, 200, 254; divine, 113, 146, 184, 219, 223, 226, 233, 264; 186, 188, 217, 275, 277, 303, desire for, 65, 66, 237, 274; 364; and experience, 71; of God, 184, 341; and of divine things, 112, 129, 142, 264, 274, 316; exterior, knowledge, 228-229; of the 119, 188, 224; fullness of, 259, 265, 343, 361; of future, people, 71, 72, 73, 85, 255; and reason, 124, 262; of self, 275-276, 277, 316; of God, 72, 73, 104-105, 113, 233; 61, 129, 132, 141, 154, 206-211, 214-215, 217-218, severity of, 73, 113; true, 104, 189; and will, 256.
224, 265, 266, 353-355, 357; and imagination, 162, 171; Justice, 57, 215; cf. also Leah; causes of, 186, 351; crown increase of, 231, 241, 242, of, 214, 243, 352; and 245, 250, 264, 265, 274, 315, 323, 342, 361; of interior discretion, 125, 127; divine, 186, 217; enemies of, 89; things, 224; of invisible exceeding of.
111, 118-119; things, 65, 66-67, 70, 75, 76, of God, 65, 188, 189, 205, 112, 129, 138, 165, 166, 171, 218; hope for, 248; longing 190, 193, 199, 200, 228, 233, 264, 330; key of, 151, 152; for, 53, 55, 87, 89, 93, 101; of Lord, 187; love for, 54, kinds of, 133, 222, 251, 362; 65, 88; persecution for, 87; and truth, 153; works of, 81, limits of, 228, 350, 359; perfection of, 136-137, 168,
172, 202; and reason, 171, 321; of heaven, 314; of Lord, 269; of men, 116, 170; of showing, 330, 337; in soul, 196, 199; search for, 157, 158, 237, 283; of self, 128, 130, 348; spiritual, 74; supreme, 326; of wisdom, 129, 132, 133, 136, 141, 224, 228-234, 239, 272; from showing, 327, 330; of soul, 55, 192, 276; and wonder, 240, 302; spiritual, 192; by 322.
Lord, and ark, 151, 153, 154, teaching, 53, 192; of truth, 256, 354; and virtue, 124, 305, 308, 309; blessing of, 247; and will, 239; and wonder, 161, 323; worldly, 64, 240; boasting in.
111; coming of, 274-277, 279-281, 286, 287, 341; commands of, 363, 364.
170, 185, 215, 216, 229, 230, Laban, 154.
237, 273, 282, 283, 284, 301, Lamentations, 1:7, 154.
Lawrence, 213.
307, 339, 362; confession of, 177; face of, 374; fear of, 60, Leah, 77, 80, 83, 104, 125; and 63, 82, 121, 122, 275; glory of, 224, 248, 323; help of, affection, 57, 58, 65; children 244; holiness of, 175; house of, 53, 117; daughter of, 105; and justice, 53, 54, 55, 56; and sensation, 58; sons of, of, 327; joy of, 90, 91, 182, 285, 287, 331, 341, 342; as judge, 214; kindness of, 268, 59, 63, 64, 65, 72, 78, 80, 333; love of, 64, 285, 287, 82, 84, 90, 98, 101, 109, 110.
Lebanon, 77.
347; mountain of, 134, 135, Levi (Hope), 62, 63, 112, 114, 142, 231, 304, 311; offerings to, 346; oracle of, 301; prayer 115, 122, 123. to, 120; presence of, 342; promise of, 275; seeking of, Leviticus, 11:44, 151.
Life, correction of, 283; future, 56, 277; service of, 277; showing of, 308-310; Spirit 68, 70, 71, 74, 80, 91, 93, 153, 170, 199, 242, 265, 274, of, 268, 277, 323; sweetness 364; present, 74, 153, 169, of, 91, 152, 154, 249, 282, 181, 194, 197, 211, 243, 245, 285, 287; tabernacle of, 134, 248, 249, 255, 333, 338, 342, 135, 142; as teacher, 227; 364; of reason, 377. trust in, 277; vision of, 277, Light, of angel, 326, 330; of 278, 285; voice of, 269, 275, blessed, 74; of Christ, 137, 276, 285, 300, 334; works of, 139; divine, 130, 131, 163, 175, 182, 187; zeal of, 96, 97.
277, 303, 316, 323, 326; Love, 117; for another, 374; eternal, 273, 325, 326; Father consocial, 393; for enemies, of, 55; of God, 74, 135, 192, 54, 87; of everything, 271; 267, 317, 336, 337; hate of.
and fear, 122, 202; of God, Mamre, 320.
Mandrakes, 81-84, 90.
Martha, 153.
Mary, 152.
60, 64, 65, 78, 79, 81, 90, 153, 197, 211, 212, 213, 282, 288, 289, 319, 327; joy of, Matter, and speculation, 391; for justice, 54, 65, 88; and mind, 316; mutual, 376, 179-180, 182, 194, 349, 350.
Matthew, 3:17, 140; 5:4, 92; 380, 381, 389, 391, 392; nature of, 63-65; of neighbor, 5:5, 61; 5:7, 87; 5:8, 266; 109, 119; ordering of, 60, 5:10, 87; 5:16, 116, 225; 62-63, 65, 109, 123; of 5:45, 187; 10:28, 91; 11:29, perishible things, 57; pledge 103; 17:1, 135; 17:1-8, 311; of, 347; of praise, 82; of self, 17:4, 134, 159; 18:16, 378; 109, 272, 273, 374, 375; and 22:37, 39, 60; 23:26, 225; sensation, 58; shared, 387, 25:21, 90.
Meditation, 282; and 388, 389, 391, 392; contemplation, 57, 146, singularity of, 288; in soul, 253, 316, 340; supreme, 375, 155-158, 327; grace of, 146, 339; and imagination, 71; and 380, 386, 390, 391, 393; true, 266, 374; for truth, 321; of joy, 288, 339, 341; and knowledge, 136, 230; and mind, 157, 158; and reason, vainglory, 107, 108, 109; of virtue, 82, 256; for wisdom, 156; and showing, 325-332; and speculation, 75; zeal of, 54, 299; of world, 60, 90, 118-119, 153, 273.
Luke, 1:52, 254; 6:25, 90; 6:37, 346.
Memory, 188, 250, 251, 252; 87; 10:42, 152; 15:7, 88; failure of, 140; of faults, 108, 15:17, 321; 16:8, 146; 24:26, 110; and imagination, 59, 66, 154.
67; and mortification, 168; and mysteries, 301; and Man, activity of, 178, 180, 181, spirit, 328; and vision, 220, 182, 184, 194, 225, 227, 244, 278, 285, 302, 306, 309, 310, 245, 308, 310, 311, 312, 314, 315, 336-337, 345, 350; 312, 340, 342.
Mercy, divine, 266, 276; Father instruction of, 181-182, 194, of, 229; of God, 237, 330, 308, 309, 351, 369; nature of, 331, 337; of Lord, 187, 358; and patience, 87-88; in 76, 314, 315, 335, 338, 339, 382, 383; reformation of, 206, 210, 212, 213, 355; and reproach, 102; works of, 220. sin, 200; Son of, 132; spirit Mercy'Seat, 362.
Michah, 2:1, 72. of, 132, 197, 219, 225, 233; substance of, 382, 383; unity Midianites, 96.
Mind, cf. Ecstasy; above itself, of, 382, 383.
Moab, 311.
Modesty, cf. Shame; and pride, 321, 323, 329, 332; activity of, 315; affliction of, 106; and zeal, 105.
115-116, 329; alienation of, Morality, and ark, 151, 178, 278, 288, 289, 303, 304, 309, 310-312, 316, 320, 321, 327, 179, 349, 351; character of, 332, 334, 335, 342, 343; and 217, 232, 320; and discipline, ark, 177, 329; and 181; sense of, 151; and contemplation, 131, 141, speculation, 178, 182; understanding of, 365, 366, 142, 146, 156, 157, 163, 192, 367; and works, 178-179.
205, 228, 239, 246, 247, 276, Moses, 96, 136, 138, 139, 142, 306, 310-312, 327, 347, 361; and corporeal things, 156, 143, 217; cf. also Ark; ark of, 204; corruption of, 113-115, 151, 153, 155, 170, 173, 177, 174; and discretion, 124, 126, 206, 207, 259, 300, 302, 304, 305, 308; example of, 177, 266; enlarging of, 310, 312-314, 323, 343; and fear, 231, 301, 305, 308; on mountain, 267, 268, 302, 119-120, 276; and future, 72, 113-114, 275-276; going out 303, 304, 306, 307, 308, 309, 311, 312; and tabernacle, from, 320, 322, 332, 342; and higher things, 226, 277, 152.
323; and hope, 113-114; and Mutability, 169, 170, 217-218, imagination, 165; intentions 223, 277. of, 126, 127; and judgment, Mysticism, 70, 71, 172, 194, 104; light of, 192, 273; limits 195, 217, 259, 302, 323, 365, 367; cf. also Ark. of, 227, 228, 232, 249, 273, 302, 323; and meditation, Naphtali (Conversion), 70-71, 157, 158; perfection of, 344; piety of, 109; purification of, 74-77, 80, 86, 89.
Nature, cf. Divinity, God, 266, 323; raising of, 276, Man; of angels, 269; and 277, 303, 304, 306, 310-312, contemplation, 182, 350; 315, 316, 318, 323, 324, 326, 327, 343; and reason, 162, corporeal, 190; hidden, 188; and philosophers, 186; of 163; and shame, 106-109; and similitude, 269; and Spirit, 256; stability of, 92, 95, 175; and Trinity, 299; and understanding, 156, 162, speculation, 179-182, 190, 238, 350, 361; spiritual, 238, 226, 310; unity of, 201; and 272; of soul, 240, 246, 249; transcending of, 334, 338; works of, 180-182, 194, 196, virtue, 97, 109, 124; wanderings of, 142, 143, 266; and wonder, 322, 323, 327.
245, 246, 350.
Nebo, Mt., 311.
Miracles, 262, 263, 329.
Piety, divine, 63; of mind, 109.
Nebuchadnezzar, 255, 309.
Nero, 213.
New Testament, 363.
Numbers, 22:23-31, 374; Pisgah, 311.
Plato, 133.
Praise, of Creator, 175, 236; divine, 339, 341; emptiness 25:1 Iff, 96. of, 107; governing of, 82-84; Obedience, 81, 82, 143, 201.
Old Testament, 363.
OoUa, 55. joy in, 90, 108; of Lord, 64, 257; and love, 63; and salvation, 209.
Oolibamba, 55.
Prayer, 59, 61, 72, 120, 136, 137, 220, 229, 244, 282, 327, The Paraclete, 62.
346.
Pride, 106, 170, 231, 254.
Patience, 80, 86; in affliction, 79, 242; divine, 282; and Priscian, 103.
Prophecy, 257, 262, 316, 339, evil, 77; and grief, 113; and 340, 342.
The Prophet, 53, 90, 91, 94, joy, 90; life of, 274; love for, 81; and mercy, 87; merit of, 214; perfection of, 81, 88-89, 96, 101, 134, 144, 182, 184, 97; vigor of, 77-79; works of, 234, 289, 313, 315, 333, 334, 339, 341.
83.
Proverbs, 7:4, 144, 224; 13:12, Paul, 50, 90, 100, 101, 107, 130; 16:32, 124; 18:17, 65.
Prudence, 89, 119, 124, 125, 131, 168, 170, 196, 214, 227, 229, 230, 257, 272, 277, 318.
Peace, of God, 90, 201, 202, 137, 144, 146, 171, 187, 215, 203; as good, 95; of heart, 221, 224, 266, 336, 338.
78, 88; hoped for, 107, 275; Psalms, 4:5, 96; 4:6, 90; 4:7, joy of, 135; of soul, 78, 88, 90, 130, 269; 4:9, 303; 5:5, 203, 223, 227, 276, 284, 303, 236; 8:2, 175; 8:4, 236; 10:5, 187; 12:4, 241; 13:5, 60; 14:1, 304, 326; true, 95.
Penance, 65, 88, 282.
134, 135; 15:7, 240; 17:29, Peter, 91, 134, 135, 184, 321, 337; 18:10, 60, 189; 23:3, 326, 329, 331, 332.
134, 135; 30:20, 90; 31:11, 1 Peter, 1:12, 155; 2:3, 91; 90, 341; 33:2, 64; 33:9, 91, 152, 282; 35:7, 184; 35:9, 3:15, 184.
Pharoah, 255, 309.
289; 36:3, 92; 36:11, 94; 38:6, Philippians, 1:23, 169; 2:7-9, 270; 38:7, 270; 39:18, 333; 40:10, 201, 202; 41:4, 202; 154; 2:13, 244; 3:20, 170, 42:3, 135; 43:22, 93; 45:11, 193; 4:4, 90; 4:7, 90.
Philosophy, 159, 176, 177, 154; 48:11-12, 177; 49:23, 186-188, 224-226.
Phinehas, 96.
341; 50:9, 155; 50:19, 61; 54:7, 168, 315; 54:14, 199,
mandrakes, 82-83; and 200; 54:14-15, 203; 54:15, reason, 66, 68, 69, 125, 130, 202; 54:16, 203; 56:4, 330; 131; sons of, 72, 125; and wisdom, 53-56, 65, 66.
Ramathaim, 152.
Reason, 69; cf. Showing; 56:4-5, 330; 57:9, 236; 63:3, 229; 63:7, 176; 63:7, 8, 133, 315; 64:10, 92; 67:5, 341; 67:27, 142; 67:27-28, 142; above, 131, 132, 141, 145, 67:28, 53, 142; 68:6, 240; 147, 161, 163, 166, 167, 173, 68:10, 96; 69:6, 244; 72:1, 260-263, 270, 271, 278, 289, 154; 72:22, 93; 72:25, 240; 290, 292, 343, 360; against, 75:6, 177; 76:3, 338; 76:7, 230; 78:9, 244; 80:14-15, 244; 163, 164, 172, 173, 261, 262, 271, 278, 290, 292, 293, 360, 82:2, 269; 85:1, 333; 85:8, 366; agree with, 132, 172, 269; 91:5, 182; 93:19, 62; 173, 263, 292, 360, 366; below, 132; beyond, 145, 103:24, 182, 185; 106:26, 160; 108:30, 64; 110:10, 60; 161, 163, 167, 172, 173, 260, 111:3, 89; 112:3, 175; 113:4, 261, 263, 270, 271, 278, 289, 334; 115:11, 312; 118:14, 88; 295, 343, 360, 366, 370; and 118:18, 234; 118:62, 236; contemplation, 55, 57, 129, 118:81, 329; 118:99-100, 229; 132, 162-165, 167, 171-173, 118:128, 96, 101; 118:139, 189, 190, 203, 204, 221, 222, 96; 126:2, 202; 131:8, 151; 227, 233, 261, 270, 271; and 132:2, 196; 138:9, 169; discretion, 124-126, 129, 171; 138:22, 96; 142:5, 182; divine, 261; and faith, 263, 142:10, 95; 144:3, 290; 144:9, 294; habitus of, 345; and 187; 144:13, 175.
Punishment, of body, 113; as imagination, 57, 67-70, 161, evil, 94; fear of, 61, 65, 74; and love, 97, 98; of mind, 162, 165, 166, 171, 172, 174, 189, 190, 199, 200, 357; and 114; and shame, 104; and knowledge, 65, 66, 129, 132, sin, 72, 86, 114, 211, 213, 136, 163, 199; limits of, 131, 247.
140, 141, 163, 179, 248, 262-264, 278, 290; of man, Purification, of conscience, 225, 131, 140, 382; and 230, 248; of man, 188, 213; and sanctification, 152, 153; of soul, 56, 175, 220, 221, meditation, 156; ordering of, 69, 70, 82, 83, 203, 204, 222; perfection of, 238; principles 241, 266, 286. of, 165, 166, 183, 184, 186, Rachel, 58, 59, 77, 120, 154; 188, 189, 193-198, 209, 213, children of, 53, 80; and 216, 222, 234, 269, 271, 298, 348, 351; and sense, 57, 58, contemplation, 57; death of, 179, 180, 260, 261; and 139, 140, 144, 145, 147; and
speculation, 67; teaching of, understanding, 69, 70, 125, 62, 65, 74, 130, 145; and wisdom, 56; witness of, 165-167, 179, 234, 263, 278; witness of, 146, 165, 242, 138-139, 144, 242, 262, 369, 276, 374, 391.
Redemption, 242, 363.
370, 373.
Self, cf. Knowledge; Repentence, and hope, 62; and consideration of, 233-234; salvation, 61. despising of, 272, 307; Rest, cf. Peace.
Revelations, 1:10, 328; 3:20, forgetting of, 303; invisible 277; 14:2, 196, 257.
Reward, eternal, 80, 96, 214, things of, 234, 235; love of, 109, 271, 272; recovery of, 217; for good, 86; hope for, 282; returns to, 345; 74, 256-257, 367; joy of, 96; speculation of, 231-233, 358; transcending of, 144, 260, of merit, 232, 238, 247, 256; seeking of, 91.
275, 277, 305, 306, 320, 321, Richard, 341, 376, 381, 389.
Romans, 1:20, 57, 119, 129, 342.
Sensation, and affection, 57, 58; guidance of, 58, 80; and 190, 198; 1:21, 176; 8:18, 93; imagination, 80; vice of, 9:16, 244, 337; 12:12, 78.
Ruben (Fear of God), 61, 58-59; and virtue, 77-78.
Sense, corporeal, 161, 164, 171, 81-83, 117-123.
174, 176, 179, 196, 199, 200, Sabaoth, Lord, 257, 275, 283.
201, 234, 251, 260, 261, 343; and discernment, 125; Sabbath, 154. discipline of, 85; and Sacraments, 181, 184, 242, 351, knowledge, 189, 200, 290; 365, 366.
Salvation, and contrition, 61; of limits to, 137, 139, 248, 251; elect, 209; and God, 244, rational, 345; and reason, 57, 329, 341, 355; and 58, 179, 180, 260, 261; and sacraments, 181; and will, 121 spirit, 191; and temptation, Samaria, 55.
84.
Shame, birth of, 101-102; Sanctification, ark of, 151, 152, disgrace of, 124; before God, 154, 347; and grace, 154; and 116-117, 275; human.
111, holiness, 151; power of, 152, 115, 116, 386; of mind, 108; 295; striving for, 283; and ordering of, 60, 102-103, tabernacle, 345.
104, 106, 116, 117, 276; for Scripture, 58, 63, 70, 77, 79, sin, 61, 102-103, 240; of 91, 96, 104, 111, 112, 113, soul, 279; true, 103-104; and 127, 203, 368, 391; and allegory, 56, 367; and zeal, 105.
Sheba, Queen of, 326-328. anagogy, 367; and
Showing, cf. Divinity; fear of, 61; free of, 101, 102; consolation of, 330; and grief for, 202; hate for, 117; and penance, 88, 282; punishment of, 72, 86, 114, ecstasy, 139, 267, 278, 319, 320, 321, 329; end of, 216; and grace, 153, 278, 279, 211, 213, 247; shame for, 61, 305, 307, 308, 309, 310, 318; and knowing, 145, 157, 241, 102-103; state of, 225, 234, 331.
262, 267, 268, 275, 278, 279, Sinai, 255.
Solomon, 231, 255, 326, 327.
285, 303, 304, 309, 312, 314, 315, 325, 329; and love, 288, Son, and Arius, 296; and 325; and mind, 141; of Father, 140, 141, 262, 292, 293, 299; and Holy Spirit, mysteries, 341; and reason, 57, 146, 147, 260, 278; and 292, 293, 299; incarnation of, 297, 299; of man, 132.
Song of Songs, 1:1, 76; 1:6, similitude, 325; and speculation, 300-301; and truth, 324; and witness, 236; 2:5, 76; 2:10, 281; 138-139, 262; and work, 137.
2:13-14, 281; 3:6, 317; 4:1-2, Sichem, 106-111.
77; 4:11, 76; 5:1, 288; 5:2, Sidon, 99, 100.
Simeon (Grief), 61, 113-115, 280; 5:3, 280; 5:6, 280, 374; 5:10, 195; 5:15, 195; 6:9, 317, 322, 323, 324; 7:4-5, 77; 117, 122.
Similitude, 226, 316, 322, 324, 8:5, 317, 332, 333, 337.
Soul, cf. Essence, Grief, Joy; 332, 334, 336; angelic, 260, 261, 267, 335; and activity of, 155, 157, 246, contemplation, 159, 162, 247, 303, 305, 308; affections 270, 298; corporeal, 190, of, 55, 58, 60, 65, 82, 110, 117, 127, 160, 246, 252-255, 196, 198, 199, 200, 233, 234; divine, 379-380, 383; and God, 269, 270, 277, 298, 287, 288, 318, 340; afflictions of, 115, 119, 130, 252, 253, 299; grace of, 196; and 279; alienation of, 272, 302, 310; ascent of, 128, 129, 132, invisible things, 193, 194, 133, 182, 222, 223, 240, 252, 198, 260; principle of, 193, 257, 303, 304, 315, 318, 324, 194, 195, 196, 269, 271, 298; and reason, 262, 271, 297; and showing, 325; testimony 326, 329, 333, 336, 351; and body, 113, 174, 199-201, of, 276; of visible things, 222, 240, 249, 382; contemplative, 75, 156-158, 162, 193, 198, 199, 204, 228, 352; and will, 205.
163, 191, 192, 220, 255, 274, Sin, 73, 107, 179; and anger, 279, 300, 310, 315, 326, 342; 96; condemned, 62; denouncing of, 97, 102, 114; enemies of, 87, 100, 331; eternal, 101, 249; and God,
299, 345; and imagination, 62, 63, 237, 240; and grace, 69-77, 263; and invisible 231-232, 279-284, 339; things, 67, 162, 171, 193, holiness of, 257, 279, 318, 199, 225, 242, 268, 352, 356, 326-327, 330, 338; 361; and joy, 211-214, 356; illumination of, 303; immortality of, 242, 243; and kinds of, 222, 278, 300; and knowledge, 162, 201, 202, nature, 179-182, 190, 238, 350, 361; and reason, 162, 223, 234, 251, 327; love in, 189, 196, 199, 260, 361; of 63, 74, 81, 130, 192, 216, self, 231-233; of soul, 242, 226, 253, 274, 279, 280, 286, 288, 319, 320, 336, 374; as 243, 247, 257, 258; stages of, mirror, 129, 130; nature of, 178-183, 192, 197, 237, 241; of Trinity, 292, 297; and 240, 246, 249; peace of, 78, understanding, 221, 232, 88, 203, 223, 227, 276, 284, 235, 244; and visible things, 303, 304, 326; perfection of, 344; powers of, 69, 246; 67, 193, 199; and wisdom, 137; and wonder, 184, 210, preparation of, 279-289; purification of, 56, 175, 220, 211, 216.
Substance, kinds of, 252; 221, 241, 266, 286; qualities of, 247, 249; rational, 129, invisible, 197, 225, 352; plurality of, 382-386; 130, 162, 163, 182, 190, 192, 252; refreshment of, 345, spiritual, 241; of Son, 297; of 363; and shame, 105, 106, soul, 241, 359; of Trinity, 141, 260, 292, 293, 295, 296, 111, 115, 240; state of, 108, 297, 373, 380, 393; unity of, 278, 302, 306, 309-311; strengthening of, 81, 93, 96, 141, 260, 292, 295, 296, 297, 229, 240, 257; substance of, 301, 373, 376, 380, 382, 383, 241; transcending of, 393, 395, 396.
286-289, 303, 318, 319, 332, 334; transformation of, Trinity, 300; affirmation of, 266-267; and virtues, 246, 391, 393; attributes of, 373; and charity, 374-380, 387, 247, 254, 255; and will, 246, 252, 276; and wonder, 75, 389, 393; completion of, 391; equality in, 375, 379-381, 104, 160, 208, 216, 223, 240, 247, 255, 279, 304, 316, 348; 383, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397; zeal of, 97-101, 105, 190, essence of, 141, 395; faith in, 296; image of, 299; persons 273.
Speculation, 160, 190, 282, 295, of, 141, 389, 390, 393, 394; 350; cf. Nature; ark of, 353; and contemplation, 335-336; of persons, 141, 164, 289, 290, 292, 293, 295, 296, 299, divine, 260, 264, 265, 298, 301, 386, 387, 388, 392, 393,
72, 85, 154; and knowledge, 395, 396; plurality of persons 228, 251; limits of, 260; and in, 373-388, 390, 391; meditation, 158; and reason, processions in, 292, 293, 299, 143; and temptation, 84; wandering of, 120, 156, 157, 373; substance of, 141, 292, 295-297, 373, 376, 380, 381, 395, 396; traces of, 299; 216, 254, 266.
1 Timothy, 6:16, 74. unity of, 292, 295-297, 362, 2 Timothy, 2:17, 100; 4:8, 214.
380, 382, 383, 394, 395, 396, 397; wisdom of, 378, 380.
Tropology, 364-366.
Understanding, ark of, 194, Truth, contemplation of, 153, 356, 357; and contemplation, 154, 206, 324, 335; highest, 75, 146, 156, 158, 162, 164, 153; instruction in, 369; joy 171, 183, 220, 221, 252, 264, in, 90, 289, 357; of Lord, 267, 270, 274, 277, 303, 311; and ecstasy, 228, 277; 135, 187, 336; love of, 321; in man, 137; proof of, 367, enlarged, 231, 323; and faith, 368, 369, 393; search for, 188, 189; illumination of, 157, 158, 250, 324; and 216, 303, 323; and similitude, 228; supreme, imagination, 70, 71, 146; of 298; teaching of, 53; understanding of, 231, 256, invisible things, 119, 191, 234, 235, 264; lack of, 72, 391; way of, 137, 187, 330, 188, 189; limits of, 245, 248, 331, 337; works of, 321.
262, 301, 341, 366, 383; Tabernacle, altar of, 345, 346, liveliness of, 250, 252, 310; 347; atrium of, 344, 345, mystical, 365; pure, 65, 75, 146, 163, 165-167, 171, 220, 347; building of, 152; candelabrum of, 345; of the 245, 266, 357; raising of, covenant, 142, 152, 305, 306, 191, 216, 267, 270, 274, 314, 325, 326, 342, 367; rays of, 344; exterior, 345; first, 231, 221; and reason, 69, 70, 125, 306, 345; interior, 306, 307, 165-167, 179, 234, 263, 278; 345; of Lord, 134, 135; and showing, 278; and soul, second, 306, 345; table of, 231; Spirit of, 128; spiritual, 345, 363, 364, 368.
Temptation, 72, 73, 84, 96, 70, 71, 75, 77, 119, 139, 231, 234, 367, 369; transforming 100, 125, 126, 128, 203, 314, of, 145, 278.
329.
Thaneos, 177.
Theology, 188, 226, 279.
Thought, 84; and affections, Vice, 58, 85, 86, 96, 101, 103, 117, 123, 127, 128, 154, 218, 110, 254; and contemplation, 232, 240, 254, 255.
Virtues, and affection, 55, 155, 157, 285; governing of.
59-60, 118, 254, 255; and hidden, 185, 186, 229; ascent, 134; consummation highest, 56, 237, 276; of, 318; and contemplation, increased, 231, 256; joy of, 271, 315; and discipline, 53, 54, 196; lacking, 229, 240; 84, 124, 255; and discretion, light of, 55, 276; love for, 54, 118, 123, 125-127, 232, 254, 144, 224, 237, 299; 255; and ecstasy, 305; and manifestations of, 157, 347; elect, 218; exhortation to, praise of, 53; pursuit of, 53, 369; first of, 60; merits of, 55, 65, 157, 228, 237; spirit 128, 307; and mind, 109; of, 128; treasure of, 153, 227, 228, 237, 252, 346; and practice in, 124, 276, 336; and sensation, 77-78; of soul, Trinity, 378, 380, 383, 246, 247, 254, 255; and 388-390, 394, 395; of world, Spirit, 82; strength of, 331, 56, 177, 224.
Wisdom, 1:1, 56; 1:5, 72; 2:6, 334, 336; and works, 83, 105, 246, 247; and zeal, 97, 243; 3:7, 160; 6:1, 124; 7:10, 99, 100.
54; 7:17-20, 184; 7:21, 184; Vision, beginning of, 55; 7:29, 54; 7:30, 152; 8:1, 152, bodily, 179; and 185; 8:1-2,54; 8:16, 18, 144; contemplation, 156, 322; 9:19, 152.
Word, Incarnation of, 294.
Works, of another, 308; exterior, 278, 321; joy of, 130, 198; light of, 322; of Lord, 278, 285; mutual, 198; and memory, 306; of soul, contemplation of, 349-350; of contemplation, 245, 249, 130; and understanding, 278; and wonder, 322, 323.
259, 265, 266, 267, 286, 303, 304, 308, 310; of creation, 243; dignity of, 188, 221, Will, 69, 84, 143; and 266, 267; discipline of, 72, 178; evil, 154; of God in man, 257, 258; good, 84, affections, 246, 252; bad, 205, 208; freedom of, 239, 244, 358; and grace, 245; and 112, 116, 225, 256, 347; and grace, 256, 308; of human justice, 244; and limits, 241; and nature, 239; right, 83, activity, 180, 181, 182, 194, 84, 121, 122, 205, 244; and 196, 241, 246, 350; of justice, Spirit, 256.
Wisdom, cf. Divinity, God; of 81, 243, 367, 368; of kindness, 220; and knowledge, 136, 137; of the angels, 269; ark of, 175, 176; contemplation of, 55, 185; and creation, 182, 185, 186; Lord, 175, 182, 185; mystical, 302; of nature, 180, eternal, 354; and evil, 152; 181, 182, 194, 196, 245, 246, 350; pleasing, 228; and gift of, 217, 256, 257;
298; wisdom of, 56, 177, 224. speculation, 178-181; of virtue, 83, 105; of wisdom, 243.
World, cf. Creation; children Zabulon (Fortitude), 96-102, 105, 117, 122. of, 146; despising of, 80, Zeal, excessive, 102; for 153, 175; end of, 169; purification, 225, 266; of forgetting of, 92; love of, 79, souls, 97, 100-101, 105, 190, 118-119, 273; pleasures of, 273; true, 98, 101; for 78, 79, 101, 197, 338; uprightness, 97, 98. prosperity of, 80, 86; Zelpha, 58, 59, 78, 80, 81; and tribulations of, 79, 80, 86, senses, 77; sons of, 72, 77, 84.
Zion, 240.
92, 99, 120, 212; variety in,
TVEClASSICSOFWESraW SPIRITUAUTY
71 UBR7IPY0FTH€ GREJrSPIRITUTILMTISTeRS
. ''The Classics of Western Spirituality Seriespromises to be one of the most important and valuable tools for the teaching of western spiritual traditions in coming years.''
Bernard McGinn Professor of Historical Theology and History of Christianity, The University of Chicago Divinity School, Chicago, Illinois
RICHARD OF ST VICTOR-THE TWED/E
PATRIARCHS, THE MYSTICAL ARK, BOOK
THREE OF THE TRINITY
translation and introduction by Grover A. Zinn, preface by Jean Chatillon ''Contemplation is a free and clear vision ofthe mind fixed upon the manifestation ofwisdom in suspended wonder. ..."
Richard of St. Victor (P-1173) One of the great mystics of the Christian Tradition, Richard is the Hnk between the early tradition of Pseudo-Dionysius and the great mystical awakening in Medieval Europe. For his genius in bringing together both the Latin and Greek Traditions all contemplatives owe him a great debt. Born in twelfth century Scotland, he joined the Abbey of St. Victor in Paris where he became Superior and Prior.
The Twelve Patriarchs (or Benjamin Minor) is his preparation of the soul for contemplation." The framework is a scriptural allegory based on the story of Jacob. Richard uses the meaning of the names and the elements of the story to illustrate a unified view of the person and the relationship between contemplation and action. His Mystical Ark (or Benjamin Major) completes this study In his Book Three of the Trinity we see Richard's doctrinal basis for the spiritual conclusions of his earlier work. Richard can teach us about the discipline and the dangers of the mystical quest. He can enlighten us concerning the relevance of symbols and symbolic structures as modes of communication.
Jean Chatillon, of the University of Paris, who wrote the preface, is the world's major Victorine scholar.
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