Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans John Calvin
John Calvin
Romans 12:17-19
Romans 12:17-19
17. Recompense to no man evil for evil. Provide things honest in the sight of all men.
17. Nemini malum pro malo rependentes, providentes bona coram omnibus hominibus.
18. If it be possible, as much as lieth in you, live peaceably with all men. 18. Si fieri potest, quantum est in vobis, cum omnibus hominibus pacem habentes;
19. Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but rather give place unto wrath: for it is written, Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord.
19. Non vosmetipsos ulciscentes, dilecti; sed date locum irae; scriptum est enim, Mihi vindictam, et ego rependam, dicit Dominus.
17. Repaying to no one, etc. This differs but little from what shortly after follows, except that revenge is more than the kind of repaying of which he speaks here; for we render evil for evil sometimes, even when we exact not the requiting of an injury, as when we treat unkindly those who do us no good. We are indeed wont to form an estimate of the deserts of each, or of what they merit at our hands, so that we may confer our benefits on those, by whom we have been already obliged, or from whom we expect something: and again, when any one denies help to us when we need it, we, by returning like for like, as they say, do not help him in time of need, any more than he assisted us. There are also other instances of the same kind, in which evil is rendered for evil, when there is no open revenge.
Providing good things, etc. I no not disapprove of the rendering of Erasmus, "Providently preparing," (Provide parantes;) but I prefer a literal rendering. As every one is more than justly devoted to his own advantage, and provident in avoiding losses, Paul seems to require a care and an attention of another kind. What is meant is, that we ought diligently to labor, that all may be edified by our honest dealings. For as purity of conscience is necessary for us before God, so uprightness of character before men is not to be neglected: for since it is meet that God should be glorified by our good deeds, even so much is wanting to his glory, as there is a deficiency of what is praiseworthy in us; and not only the glory of God is thus obscured, but he is branded with reproach; for whatever sin we commit, the ignorant employ it for the purpose of calumniating the gospel.
But when we are bidden to prepare good things before men, 396 we must at the same time notice for what purpose: it is not indeed that men may admire and praise us, as this is a desire which Christ carefully forbids us to indulge, since he bids us to admit God alone as the witness of our good deeds, to the 396"Providentes bona;" {προνοούμενοι} {καλὰ}; "procurantes honesta — providing honest things," Beza; "providing things reputable," Doddridge; "premeditating things comely," Macknight. The participle means to mind beforehand, to prepare, to provide, and also to take care of or to attend to a thing. "Attending to things honorable" may be the rendering here. The adjective {καλὸς}, means fair, good; and good in conduct as here is not "comely," but just, right, or reputable, as Doddridge renders it. The word "honest" does not now retain its original idea of honorable. — Ed.