Section 8

Industry.	Census year.	Number of estab- lish- ments.	Capital.	Wage-earners.		Value of products, including custom work and repairing.
Industry.	Census year.	Number of estab- lish- ments.	Capital.	Average number	Total wages.
			Dollars.		Dollars.	Dollars.
Agricultural	1880	1,943	62,109,668	39,580	15,359,610	68,640,486
implements	1890	910	145,313,997	38,827	18,107,094	81,271,651
	1900	715	157,707,951	46,582	22,450,880	101,207,428
	1905	648	196,740,700	47,394	25,002,650	112,007,344
Boots and shoes	1880	1,959	42,994,028	111,152	43,001,438	166,050,354
	1890	2,082	95,282,311	133,690	60,667,145	220,649,358
	1900	1,599	99,819,233	141,830	58,440,883	258,969,580
	1905	1,316	122,526,093	149,924	69,059,680	320,107,458
Bread and other	1880	6,396	19,155,286	22,488	9,411,328	65,824,806
bakery products	1890	10,484	45,758,489	38,841	19,120,529	128,421,535
	1900	14,836	80,901,926	60,192	27,864,024	175,368,682
	1905	18,227	122,363,327	81,284	43,179,822	269,609,061
Carriages and	1880	3,841	37,973,493	45,394	18,988,615	64,951,617
wagons	1890	4,572	93,455,257	56,525	28,972,401	102,680,341
	1900	6,204	109,875,885	58,425	27,578,046	113,234,590
	1905	4,956	126,320,604	60,722	30,878,229	125,332,976
Cars, shop construction	1890	716	76,192,477	106,632	60,213,433	129,461,698
and repairs by	1900	1,293	119,580,273	173,652	96,062,329	218,238,277
steam railroad companies	1905	1,141	146,943,729	236,900	142,188,336	309,863,499
Cars, shop construction	1890	78	2,351,162	2,009	1,411,205	2,966,347
and repairs by steam	1900	108	10,781,939	7,025	4,404,593	9,370,811
street railway companies	1905	86	12,905,853	11,052	7,012,798	13,437,121
Cars, steam and	1880	130	9,272,680	14,232	6,507,753	27,997,591
street railroad, not	1890	88	46,109,625	33,139	17,168,099	73,385,852
including operations	1900	85	95,939,249	37,038	18,938,170	97,815,648
of railway companies	1905	87	101,154,750	38,788	23,087,400	122,019,506
Cheese, butter and	1880	3,932	9,604,803	7,903	1,548,495	25,742,510
condensed milk	1890	4,552	16,016,573	12,219	4,248,854	60,635,705
	1900	9,242	36,303,164	12,799	6,145,561	130,783,349
	1905	8,926	47,255,556	15,557	8,412,937	168,182,789
Chemicals	1880	595	28,983,458	9,724	4,222,663	38,640,458
	1890	563	55,032,452	15,038	7,308,411	59,352,548
	1900	433	89,069,450	19,020	9,393,236	62,637,008
	1905	448	119,890,193	24,525	13,361,972	92,088,378
Clothing, men’s	1880	6,166	79,861,696	160,813	45,940,353	209,548,460
	1890	4,867	128,253,547	144,926	51,075,837	251,019,609
	1900	5,729	120,547,851	120,927	45,496,728	276,717,357
	1905	4,504	153,177,500	137,190	57,225,506	355,796,571
Clothing, women’s	1880	562	8,207,273	25,192	6,661,005	32,004,794
	1890	1,224	21,259,528	39,149	15,428,272	68,164,019
	1900	2,701	48,431,544	83,739	32,586,101	159,339,539
	1905	3,351	73,947,823	115,705	51,180,193	247,661,560
Confectionery	1880	1,450	8,486,874	9,801	3,242,852	25,637,033
	1890	2,921	23,326,799	21,724	7,783,007	55,997,101
	1900	962	26,319,195	26,866	8,020,453	60,643,946
	1905	1,348	43,125,408	36,239	11,699,257	87,087,253
Cooperage	1880	3,898	12,178,726	25,973	8,992,603	33,714,770
	1890	2,652	17,806,554	22,555	10,056,249	38,617,956
	1900	1,694	21,777,636	22,117	8,786,428	38,439,745
	1905	1,517	29,532,614	21,149	9,485,455	49,424,394
Cordage and twine	1880	165	7,140,475	5,435	1,558,676	12,492,171
	1890	150	23,351,883	12,385	3,976,232	38,812,559
	1900	105	29,275,470	13,114	4,113,112	37,849,651
	1905	102	37,110,521	14,614	5,338,178	48,017,139
Cotton goods	1880	1,005	219,504,794	185,472	45,614,419	210,950,383
	1890	905	354,020,843	218,876	66,024,538	267,981,724
	1900	1,055	467,240,157	302,861	86,689,752	339,200,820
	1905	1,154	613,110,655	315,874	96,205,796	450,467,704
Electrical	1880	76	1,509,758	1,271	683,164	2,655,036
machinery,	1890	189	18,997,337	8,802	4,517,050	19,114,714
apparatus	1900	581	83,659,924	42,013	20,579,194	92,434,435
and supplies	1905	784	174,066,026	60,466	31,841,521	140,809,369
Flour and gristmill	1880	24,338	177,361,878	58,407	17,422,316	505,185,712
products	1890	18,470	208,473,500	47,403	18,138,402	513,971,474
	1900	9,476	189,281,330	32,226	16,285,163	501,896,304
	1905	10,051	265,117,434	39,110	19,822,196	713,033,395
Foundry and	1880	4,984	155,021,734	145,650	66,093,920	215,442,011
machine shop	1890	6,500	383,257,473	231,331	129,282,263	413,197,118
products	1900	9,316	663,414,323	350,103	182,096,007	644,456,216
	1905	9,428	936,416,978	402,914	229,869,297	799,862,588
Furnishing goods,	1880	161	3,724,664	11,174	2,644,155	11,506,357
men’s	1890	586	12,299,011	20,773	6,078,036	29,870,946
	1900	457	20,575,961	30,322	9,730,066	44,346,482
	1905	547	28,043,584	27,185	8,760,108	49,031,582
Furniture	1880	5,227	44,946,128	59,304	23,695,080	77,845,725
	1890	1,919	80,780,939	72,869	35,068,979	111,743,080
	1900	1,814	104,484,394	87,262	35,632,523	125,315,986
	1905	2,482	152,712,732	110,133	49,883,235	170,446,825
Glass	1880	169	18,804,599	24,177	9,144,100	21,154,571
	1890	294	40,966,850	44,892	20,885,961	41,051,004
	1900	355	61,423,903	52,818	27,084,710	56,539,712
	1905	399	89,389,151	63,969	37,288,148	79,607,998
Hardware	1880	492	15,363,551	16,801	6,846,913	22,653,693
	1890	350	26,271,840	18,495	8,656,067	26,726,463
	1900	381	39,311,745	26,463	11,422,758	35,846,656
	1905	445	52,884,078	31,713	14,580,589	45,770,171
Jewelry	1880	739	11,431,164	12,697	6,441,688	22,201,621
	1890	783	22,246,508	13,880	8,038,327	34,761,458
	1900	851	27,871,924	20,468	10,643,887	46,128,659
	1905	1,023	39,678,956	22,080	12,592,846	53,225,681
Leather, tanned,	1880	5,628	73,383,911	40,282	16,503,828	200,264,944
curried,	1890	1,787	98,088,698	42,392	21,249,989	172,136,092
and finished	1900	1,306	173,977,421	52,109	22,591,091	204,038,127
	1905	1,049	242,584,254	57,239	27,049,152	252,620,986
Liquors, malt	1880	2,191	91,208,224	26,220	12,198,053	101,058,385
	1890	1,248	232,471,290	30,257	20,713,383	182,731,622
	1900	1,507	413,767,233	39,459	25,776,468	236,914,914
	1905	1,531	515,636,792	48,139	34,542,897	298,358,732
Lumber and	1880	25,758	181,465,392	148,290	31,893,098	233,608,886
timber products	1890	22,617	557,881,054	311,964	87,934,284	437,957,382
	1900	23,053	400,857,337	413,335	148,007,845	555,197,271
	1905	19,127	517,224,128	404,626	183,021,519	580,022,690
Lumber, planing-	1880	2,491	38,070,593	37,187	14,431,654	73,424,681
mill products,	1890	3,670	120,271,440	79,923	42,221,856	183,681,552
including sash, doors,	1900	4,198	118,948,556	73,510	32,621,704	167,786,122
and blinds	1905	5,009	177,145,734	97,674	50,713,607	247,441,956
Marble and	1880	2,846	16,498,221	21,471	10,238,885	31,415,150
stone work	1890	1,321	24,041,961	21,950	15,314,598	41,924,264
	1900	1,655	39,559,146	30,641	16,328,174	42,230,457
	1905	1,642	66,526,724	40,905	25,032,725	63,059,842
Paper and wood	1880	742	48,139,652	25,631	8,970,133	57,366,860
pulp	1890	649	89,829,548	31,050	13,204,828	78,937,184
	1900	763	167,507,713	49,646	20,746,426	127,326,162
	1905	761	277,444,471	65,964	32,019,212	188,715,189
Petroleum, refining	1890	94	77,416,296	11,403	5,872,467	85,001,198
	1900	67	95,327,892	12,199	6,717,087	123,929,384
	1905	98	136,280,541	16,770	9,989,367	175,005,320
Silk and silk goods	1880	382	19,125,300	31,337	9,146,705	41,033,045
	1890	472	51,007,537	49,382	17,762,441	87,298,454
	1900	483	81,082,201	65,416	20,982,194	107,256,258
	1905	624	109,556,621	79,601	26,767,943	133,288,072
Slaughtering and	1880	872	49,419,213	27,297	10,508,530	303,562,413
meat packing,	1890	611	98,190,766	37,502	20,304,029	433,252,315
wholesale	1900	557	173,866,377	64,681	31,033,850	697,056,065
	1905	559	219,818,627	69,593	37,090,399	801,757,137
Slaughtering, wholesale,	1890	507	18,696,738	6,473	4,000,947	128,359,353
not including	1900	325	14,933,804	3,705	2,358,403	86,723,126
meat packing	1905	370	17,896,063	4,541	3,236,573	112,157,487
Smelting and	1900	47	53,063,395	11,324	8,529,021	165,131,670
refining, copper	1905	40	76,824,640	12,752	10,827,043	240,780,216
Smelting and	1900	39	72,148,933	8,319	5,088,684	175,466,304
refining, lead	1905	32	63,822,810	7,573	5,374,691	185,826,839
Structural	1880	220	1,400,197	1,934	844,614	3,410,086
ironwork	1890	724	21,968,172	17,158	10,235,701	37,745,294
	1900	697	43,442,877	24,903	13,588,779	66,927,305
	1905	775	76,598,507	34,276	19,760,210	90,944,697
Sugar and	1880	49	27,432,500	5,857	2,875,032	155,484,915
molasses,	1890	393	24,013,008	7,043	2,385,654	123,118,259
refining	1900	657	184,033,304	14,129	6,917,829	239,711,011
	1905	344	165,468,320	13,549	7,575,650	277,285,449
Tinware, copper-	1880	7,693	23,167,392	27,116	11,243,276	50,183,811
smithing, and	1890	7,002	38,434,900	31,377	15,610,265	66,653,746
sheet iron	1900	1,846	35,724,739	28,315	13,193,307	63,812,787
working	1905	2,366	124,500,133	39,475	20,608,179	97,974,838
Tobacco, chewing	1880	477	17,207,401	32,756	6,419,024	52,793,056
and smoking,	1890	395	30,841,316	29,790	6,947,158	65,843,587
and snuff	1900	437	43,856,570	29,161	7,109,821	103,754,362
	1905	433	178,847,556	23,990	6,775,325	116,767,630
Tobacco, cigars	1880	7,145	21,698,549	63,297	18,464,562	63,979,575
and cigarettes	1890	10,956	59,517,827	87,000	36,475,060	129,693,275
	1900	14,522	67,660,748	103,365	40,865,510	159,958,811
	1905	16,395	145,135,945	135,418	55,864,978	214,350,051
Woolen goods	1880	1,990	96,095,564	86,504	25,836,392	160,606,721
	1890	1,811	130,989,940	76,915	26,139,194	133,577,977
	1900	1,035	124,386,262	68,893	24,757,006	118,430,158
	1905	792	140,302,488	72,747	28,827,556	142,196,658
Worsted goods	1880	76	20,374,043	18,803	5,683,027	33,549,942
	1890	143	68,085,116	42,978	14,944,966	79,194,652
	1900	186	132,168,110	57,008	20,092,738	120,314,344
	1905	226	162,464,929	69,251	26,269,787	165,745,052

Industry.	Census year.	Number of establish- ments.	Capital.
			Dollars.
Agricultural implements	1880	1,943	62,109,668
	1890	910	145,313,997
	1900	715	157,707,951
	1905	648	196,740,700
Boots and shoes	1880	1,959	42,994,028
	1890	2,082	95,282,311
	1900	1,599	99,819,233
	1905	1,316	122,526,093
Bread and other bakery products	1880	6,396	19,155,286
	1890	10,484	45,758,489
	1900	14,836	80,901,926
	1905	18,227	122,363,327
Carriages and wagons	1880	3,841	37,973,493
	1890	4,572	93,455,257
	1900	6,204	109,875,885
	1905	4,956	126,320,604
Cars, shop construction and repairs	1890	716	76,192,477
by steam railroad companies	1900	1,293	119,580,273
	1905	1,141	146,943,729
Cars, shop construction and repairs	1890	78	2,351,162
by street railway companies	1900	108	10,781,939
	1905	86	12,905,853
Cars, steam and street railroad, not	1880	130	9,272,680
including operations of railway	1890	88	46,109,625
companies	1900	85	95,939,249
	1905	87	101,154,750
Cheese, butter and condensed milk	1880	3,932	9,604,803
	1890	4,552	16,016,573
	1900	9,242	36,303,164
	1905	8,926	47,255,556
Chemicals	1880	595	28,983,458
	1890	563	55,032,452
	1900	433	89,069,450
	1905	448	119,890,193
Clothing, men’s	1880	6,166	79,861,696
	1890	4,867	128,253,547
	1900	5,729	120,547,851
	1905	4,504	153,177,500
Clothing, women’s	1880	562	8,207,273
	1890	1,224	21,259,528
	1900	2,701	48,431,544
	1905	3,351	73,947,823
Confectionery	1880	1,450	8,486,874
	1890	2,921	23,326,799
	1900	962	26,319,195
	1905	1,348	43,125,408
Cooperage	1880	3,898	12,178,726
	1890	2,652	17,806,554
	1900	1,694	21,777,636
	1905	1,517	29,532,614
Cordage and twine	1880	165	7,140,475
	1890	150	23,351,883
	1900	105	29,275,470
	1905	102	37,110,521
Cotton goods	1880	1,005	219,504,794
	1890	905	354,020,843
	1900	1,055	467,240,157
	1905	1,154	613,110,655
Electrical machinery, apparatus	1880	76	1,509,758
and supplies	1890	189	18,997,337
	1900	581	83,659,924
	1905	784	174,066,026
Flour and gristmill products	1880	24,338	177,361,878
	1890	18,470	208,473,500
	1900	9,476	189,281,330
	1905	10,051	265,117,434
Foundry and machine shop products	1880	4,984	155,021,734
	1890	6,500	383,257,473
	1900	9,316	663,414,323
	1905	9,428	936,416,978
Furnishing goods, men’s	1880	161	3,724,664
	1890	586	12,299,011
	1900	457	20,575,961
	1905	547	28,043,584
Furniture	1880	5,227	44,946,128
	1890	1,919	80,780,939
	1900	1,814	104,484,394
	1905	2,482	152,712,732
Glass	1880	169	18,804,599
	1890	294	40,966,850
	1900	355	61,423,903
	1905	399	89,389,151
Hardware	1880	492	15,363,551
	1890	350	26,271,840
	1900	381	39,311,745
	1905	445	52,884,078
Jewelry	1880	739	11,431,164
	1890	783	22,246,508
	1900	851	27,871,924
	1905	1,023	39,678,956
Leather, tanned, curried,	1880	5,628	73,383,911
and finished	1890	1,787	98,088,698
	1900	1,306	173,977,421
	1905	1,049	242,584,254
Liquors, malt	1880	2,191	91,208,224
	1890	1,248	232,471,290
	1900	1,507	413,767,233
	1905	1,531	515,636,792
Lumber and timber products	1880	25,758	181,465,392
	1890	22,617	557,881,054
	1900	23,053	400,857,337
	1905	19,127	517,224,128
Lumber, planing-mill products,	1880	2,491	38,070,593
including sash, doors, and blinds	1890	3,670	120,271,440
	1900	4,198	118,948,556
	1905	5,009	177,145,734
Marble and stone work	1880	2,846	16,498,221
	1890	1,321	24,041,961
	1900	1,655	39,559,146
	1905	1,642	66,526,724
Paper and wood pulp	1880	742	48,139,652
	1890	649	89,829,548
	1900	763	167,507,713
	1905	761	277,444,471
Petroleum, refining	1890	94	77,416,296
	1900	67	95,327,892
	1905	98	136,280,541
Silk and silk goods	1880	382	19,125,300
	1890	472	51,007,537
	1900	483	81,082,201
	1905	624	109,556,621
Slaughtering and meat packing,	1880	872	49,419,213
wholesale	1890	611	98,190,766
	1900	557	173,866,377
	1905	559	219,818,627
Slaughtering, wholesale, not	1890	507	18,696,738
including meat packing	1900	325	14,933,804
	1905	370	17,896,063
Smelting and refining, copper	1900	47	53,063,395
	1905	40	76,824,640
Smelting and refining, lead	1900	39	72,148,933
	1905	32	63,822,810
Structural ironwork	1880	220	1,400,197
	1890	724	21,968,172
	1900	697	43,442,877
	1905	775	76,598,507
Sugar and molasses, refining	1880	49	27,432,500
	1890	393	24,013,008
	1900	657	184,033,304
	1905	344	165,468,320
Tinware, copper-smithing,	1880	7,693	23,167,392
and sheet iron working	1890	7,002	38,434,900
	1900	1,846	35,724,739
	1905	2,366	124,500,133
Tobacco, chewing and smoking,	1880	477	17,207,401
and snuff	1890	395	30,841,316
	1900	437	43,856,570
	1905	433	178,847,556
Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes	1880	7,145	21,698,549
	1890	10,956	59,517,827
	1900	14,522	67,660,748
	1905	16,395	145,135,945
Woolen goods	1880	1,990	96,095,564
	1890	1,811	130,989,940
	1900	1,035	124,386,262
	1905	792	140,302,488
Worsted goods	1880	76	20,374,043
	1890	143	68,085,116
	1900	186	132,168,110
	1905	226	162,464,929

Industry.	Census year.	Wage-earners.
Industry.	Census year.	Average number.	Total wages.
			Dollars.
Agricultural implements	1880	39,580	15,359,610
	1890	38,827	18,107,094
	1900	46,582	22,450,880
	1905	47,394	25,002,650
Boots and shoes	1880	111,152	43,001,438
	1890	133,690	60,667,145
	1900	141,830	58,440,883
	1905	149,924	69,059,680
Bread and other	1880	22,488	9,411,328
bakery products	1890	38,841	19,120,529
	1900	60,192	27,864,024
	1905	81,284	43,179,822
Carriages and wagons	1880	45,394	18,988,615
	1890	56,525	28,972,401
	1900	58,425	27,578,046
	1905	60,722	30,878,229
Cars, shop construction	1890	106,632	60,213,433
and repairs by steam	1900	173,652	96,062,329
railroad companies	1905	236,900	142,188,336
Cars, shop construction	1890	2,009	1,411,205
and repairs by street	1900	7,025	4,404,593
railway companies	1905	11,052	7,012,798
Cars, steam and street	1880	14,232	6,507,753
railroad, not including	1890	33,139	17,168,099
operations of	1900	37,038	18,938,170
railway companies	1905	38,788	23,087,400
Cheese, butter	1880	7,903	1,548,495
and condensed milk	1890	12,219	4,248,854
	1900	12,799	6,145,561
	1905	15,557	8,412,937
Chemicals	1880	9,724	4,222,663
	1890	15,038	7,308,411
	1900	19,020	9,393,236
	1905	24,525	13,361,972
Clothing, men’s	1880	160,813	45,940,353
	1890	144,926	51,075,837
	1900	120,927	45,496,728
	1905	137,190	57,225,506
Clothing, women’s	1880	25,192	6,661,005
	1890	39,149	15,428,272
	1900	83,739	32,586,101
	1905	115,705	51,180,193
Confectionery	1880	9,801	3,242,852
	1890	21,724	7,783,007
	1900	26,866	8,020,453
	1905	36,239	11,699,257
Cooperage	1880	25,973	8,992,603
	1890	22,555	10,056,249
	1900	22,117	8,786,428
	1905	21,149	9,485,455
Cordage and twine	1880	5,435	1,558,676
	1890	12,385	3,976,232
	1900	13,114	4,113,112
	1905	14,614	5,338,178
Cotton goods	1880	185,472	45,614,419
	1890	218,876	66,024,538
	1900	302,861	86,689,752
	1905	315,874	96,205,796
Electrical machinery,	1880	1,271	683,164
apparatus and supplies	1890	8,802	4,517,050
	1900	42,013	20,579,194
	1905	60,466	31,841,521
Flour and gristmill	1880	58,407	17,422,316
products	1890	47,403	18,138,402
	1900	32,226	16,285,163
	1905	39,110	19,822,196
Foundry and machine	1880	145,650	66,093,920
shop products	1890	231,331	129,282,263
	1900	350,103	182,096,007
	1905	402,914	229,869,297
Furnishing goods, men’s	1880	11,174	2,644,155
	1890	20,773	6,078,036
	1900	30,322	9,730,066
	1905	27,185	8,760,108
Furniture	1880	59,304	23,695,080
	1890	72,869	35,068,979
	1900	87,262	35,632,523
	1905	110,133	49,883,235
Glass	1880	24,177	9,144,100
	1890	44,892	20,885,961
	1900	52,818	27,084,710
	1905	63,969	37,288,148
Hardware	1880	16,801	6,846,913
	1890	18,495	8,656,067
	1900	26,463	11,422,758
	1905	31,713	14,580,589
Jewelry	1880	12,697	6,441,688
	1890	13,880	8,038,327
	1900	20,468	10,643,887
	1905	22,080	12,592,846
Leather, tanned,	1880	40,282	16,503,828
curried, and finished	1890	42,392	21,249,989
	1900	52,109	22,591,091
	1905	57,239	27,049,152
Liquors, malt	1880	26,220	12,198,053
	1890	30,257	20,713,383
	1900	39,459	25,776,468
	1905	48,139	34,542,897
Lumber and	1880	148,290	31,893,098
timber products	1890	311,964	87,934,284
	1900	413,335	148,007,845
	1905	404,626	183,021,519
Lumber, planing-	1880	37,187	14,431,654
mill products,	1890	79,923	42,221,856
including sash,	1900	73,510	32,621,704
doors, and blinds	1905	97,674	50,713,607
Marble and stone work	1880	21,471	10,238,885
	1890	21,950	15,314,598
	1900	30,641	16,328,174
	1905	40,905	25,032,725
Paper and wood pulp	1880	25,631	8,970,133
	1890	31,050	13,204,828
	1900	49,646	20,746,426
	1905	65,964	32,019,212
Petroleum, refining	1890	11,403	5,872,467
	1900	12,199	6,717,087
	1905	16,770	9,989,367
Silk and silk goods	1880	31,337	9,146,705
	1890	49,382	17,762,441
	1900	65,416	20,982,194
	1905	79,601	26,767,943
Slaughtering and	1880	27,297	10,508,530
meat packing,	1890	37,502	20,304,029
wholesale	1900	64,681	31,033,850
	1905	69,593	37,090,399
Slaughtering, wholesale,	1890	6,473	4,000,947
not including	1900	3,705	2,358,403
meat packing	1905	4,541	3,236,573
Smelting and	1900	11,324	8,529,021
refining, copper	1905	12,752	10,827,043
Smelting and	1900	8,319	5,088,684
refining, lead	1905	7,573	5,374,691
Structural ironwork	1880	1,934	844,614
	1890	17,158	10,235,701
	1900	24,903	13,588,779
	1905	34,276	19,760,210
Sugar and molasses,	1880	5,857	2,875,032
refining	1890	7,043	2,385,654
	1900	14,129	6,917,829
	1905	13,549	7,575,650
Tinware,	1880	27,116	11,243,276
copper-smithing,	1890	31,377	15,610,265
and sheet	1900	28,315	13,193,307
iron working	1905	39,475	20,608,179
Tobacco, chewing	1880	32,756	6,419,024
and smoking,	1890	29,790	6,947,158
and snuff	1900	29,161	7,109,821
	1905	23,990	6,775,325
Tobacco, cigars	1880	63,297	18,464,562
and cigarettes	1890	87,000	36,475,060
	1900	103,365	40,865,510
	1905	135,418	55,864,978
Woolen goods	1880	86,504	25,836,392
	1890	76,915	26,139,194
	1900	68,893	24,757,006
	1905	72,747	28,827,556
Worsted goods	1880	18,803	5,683,027
	1890	42,978	14,944,966
	1900	57,008	20,092,738
	1905	69,251	26,269,787

Industry.	Census year.	Value of products, including custom work and repairing.
		Dollars.
Agricultural implements	1880	68,640,486
	1890	81,271,651
	1900	101,207,428
	1905	112,007,344
Boots and shoes	1880	166,050,354
	1890	220,649,358
	1900	258,969,580
	1905	320,107,458
Bread and other	1880	65,824,806
bakery products	1890	128,421,535
	1900	175,368,682
	1905	269,609,061
Carriages and wagons	1880	64,951,617
	1890	102,680,341
	1900	113,234,590
	1905	125,332,976
Cars, shop construction	1890	129,461,698
and repairs by steam	1900	218,238,277
railroad companies	1905	309,863,499
Cars, shop construction	1890	2,966,347
and repairs by street	1900	9,370,811
railway companies	1905	13,437,121
Cars, steam and street	1880	27,997,591
railroad, not including	1890	73,385,852
operations of	1900	97,815,648
railway companies	1905	122,019,506
Cheese, butter	1880	25,742,510
and condensed milk	1890	60,635,705
	1900	130,783,349
	1905	168,182,789
Chemicals	1880	38,640,458
	1890	59,352,548
	1900	62,637,008
	1905	92,088,378
Clothing, men’s	1880	209,548,460
	1890	251,019,609
	1900	276,717,357
	1905	355,796,571
Clothing, women’s	1880	32,004,794
	1890	68,164,019
	1900	159,339,539
	1905	247,661,560
Confectionery	1880	25,637,033
	1890	55,997,101
	1900	60,643,946
	1905	87,087,253
Cooperage	1880	33,714,770
	1890	38,617,956
	1900	38,439,745
	1905	49,424,394
Cordage and twine	1880	12,492,171
	1890	38,812,559
	1900	37,849,651
	1905	48,017,139
Cotton goods	1880	210,950,383
	1890	267,981,724
	1900	339,200,820
	1905	450,467,704
Electrical machinery,	1880	2,655,036
apparatus and supplies	1890	19,114,714
	1900	92,434,435
	1905	140,809,369
Flour and gristmill	1880	505,185,712
products	1890	513,971,474
	1900	501,896,304
	1905	713,033,395
Foundry and machine	1880	215,442,011
shop products	1890	413,197,118
	1900	644,456,216
	1905	799,862,588
Furnishing goods, men’s	1880	11,506,357
	1890	29,870,946
	1900	44,346,482
	1905	49,031,582
Furniture	1880	77,845,725
	1890	111,743,080
	1900	125,315,986
	1905	170,446,825
Glass	1880	21,154,571
	1890	41,051,004
	1900	56,539,712
	1905	79,607,998
Hardware	1880	22,653,693
	1890	26,726,463
	1900	35,846,656
	1905	45,770,171
Jewelry	1880	22,201,621
	1890	34,761,458
	1900	46,128,659
	1905	53,225,681
Leather, tanned,	1880	200,264,944
curried, and finished	1890	172,136,092
	1900	204,038,127
	1905	252,620,986
Liquors, malt	1880	101,058,385
	1890	182,731,622
	1900	236,914,914
	1905	298,358,732
Lumber and	1880	233,608,886
timber products	1890	437,957,382
	1900	555,197,271
	1905	580,022,690
Lumber, planing-	1880	73,424,681
mill products,	1890	183,681,552
including sash,	1900	167,786,122
doors, and blinds	1905	247,441,956
Marble and stone work	1880	31,415,150
	1890	41,924,264
	1900	42,230,457
	1905	63,059,842
Paper and wood pulp	1880	57,366,860
	1890	78,937,184
	1900	127,326,162
	1905	188,715,189
Petroleum, refining	1890	85,001,198
	1900	123,929,384
	1905	175,005,320
Silk and silk goods	1880	41,033,045
	1890	87,298,454
	1900	107,256,258
	1905	133,288,072
Slaughtering and	1880	303,562,413
meat packing,	1890	433,252,315
wholesale	1900	697,056,065
	1905	801,757,137
Slaughtering, wholesale,	1890	128,359,353
not including	1900	86,723,126
meat packing	1905	112,157,487
Smelting and	1900	165,131,670
refining, copper	1905	240,780,216
Smelting and	1900	175,466,304
refining, lead	1905	185,826,839
Structural ironwork	1880	3,410,086
	1890	37,745,294
	1900	66,927,305
	1905	90,944,697
Sugar and molasses,	1880	155,484,915
refining	1890	123,118,259
	1900	239,711,011
	1905	277,285,449
Tinware,	1880	50,183,811
copper-smithing,	1890	66,653,746
and sheet	1900	63,812,787
iron working	1905	97,974,838
Tobacco, chewing	1880	52,793,056
and smoking,	1890	65,843,587
and snuff	1900	103,754,362
	1905	116,767,630
Tobacco, cigars	1880	63,979,575
and cigarettes	1890	129,693,275
	1900	159,958,811
	1905	214,350,051
Woolen goods	1880	160,606,721
	1890	133,577,977
	1900	118,430,158
	1905	142,196,658
Worsted goods	1880	33,549,942
	1890	79,194,652
	1900	120,314,344
	1905	165,745,052

The Textile Industries of the United States at Decennial Periods, 1850 to 1900.

[Compiled from Census Reports.]

	Year.	Number of establish-ments.	Capital.	Number of wage-earners.	Wages.	Cost of materials.	Value of products.
Wool	1850	1,760	$ 32,516,366	47,763	…	$29,246,696	$ 49,636,881
manufacture	1860	1,673	42,849,932	59,522	$13,361,602	46,649,365	80,734,606
	1870	3,456	132,382,319	119,859	40,357,235	134,154,615	217,668,826
	1880	2,689	159,091,869	161,557	47,389,087	164,371,551	267,252,913
	1890	2,489	296,494,481	213,859	70,917,894	203,095,572	337,768,524
	1900	2,335	392,040,353	242,495	82,292,444	232,230,986	392,473,050
	1905	2,292	477,525,222	283,691	102,333,548	319,154,878	517,492,142
Cotton	1850	1,094	74,500,931	92,286	…	34,835,056	61,869,184
manufacture	1860	1,091	98,585,269	122,028	23,940,108	57,285,534	115,681,774
	1870	956	140,706,291	135,369	39,044,132	111,736,936	177,489,789
	1880	756	208,280,346	174,659	42,040,510	102,206,347	192,090,110
	1890	905	354,020,842	218,876	66,024,538	154,912,979	267,981,724
	1900	1,055	467,240,157	802,861	86,689,752	176,551,527	339,200,320
	1905	1,154	613,110,655	315,874	96,205,796	286,255,303	450,467,704
Silk manufacture	1850	67	678,300	1,743	…	1,093,866	1,809,476
	1860	139	2,926,980	5,435	1,050,224	3,901,777	6,607,771
	1870	86	6,231,130	6,649	1,942,286	7,817,559	12,210,662
	1880	382	19,125,300	31,337	9,146,705	22,467,701	41,033,045
	1890	472	51,007,537	49,382	17,762,441	51,004,425	87,298,454
	1900	483	81,082,201	65,416	20,982,194	62,406,665	107,256,258
	1905	624	109,556,621	79,601	26,767,943	75,861,188	188,288,072
Dyeing and	1850	104	4,818,350	5,105	…	11,540,347	15,454,430
finishing textiles	1860	124	5,718,671	7,097	2,001,528	5,005,435	11,716,463
	1870	292	18,374,503	13,066	5,221,538	99,539,992	113,017,537
	1880	191	26,223,981	16,698	6,474,364	13,664,295	32,297,420
	1890	248	38,450,800	19,601	8,911,720	12,385,220	28,900,460
	1900	298	60,643,104	29,776	12,726,316	17,958,137	44,963,331
	1905	360	88,708,576	35,563	15,469,205	19,621,253	50,849,545
Flax, hemp and jute	1890	162	27,731,649	15,519	4,872,389	26,148,344	37,313,021
	1900	141	41,991,762	20,903	6,331,741	32,197,885	47,601,607
	1905	133	54,423,531	24,508	8,580,785	44,890,546	62,939,329
Combined textiles	1850	3,025	112,513,947	146,877	…	76,715,959	128,769,971
	1860	3,027	150,080,852	194,082	40,353,462	112,842,111	214,740,614
	1870	4,790	297,694,243	274,943	86,565,191	353,249,102	520,386,764
	1880	4,018	412,721,496	384,251	105,050,666	302,709,894	532,673,488
	1890	4,276	767,705,310	517,237	168,488,982	447,546,540	759,262,283
	1900	4,312	1,042,997,577	661,451	209,022,447	521,345,200	931,494,566
	1905	4,563	1,343,324,605	739,239	249,357,277	745,783,168	1,215,036,792

	Year.	Number of establish -ments.	Capital.
Wool	1850	1,760	$ 32,516,366
manu-	1860	1,673	42,849,932
facture	1870	3,456	132,382
	1880	2,689	159,091
	1890	2,489	296,494
	1900	2,335	392,040
	1905	2,292	477,525
Cotton	1850	1,094	74,500,931
manu-	1860	1,091	98,585,269
facture	1870	956	140,706
	1880	756	208,280
	1890	905	354,020
	1900	1,055	467,240
	1905	1,154	613,110
Silk manu-	1850	67	678,300
-facture	1860	139	2,926,980
	1870	86	6,231,130
	1880	382	19,125,300
	1890	472	51,007,537
	1900	483	81,082,201
	1905	624	109,556
Dyeing and	1850	104	4,818,350
finishing	1860	124	5,718,671
textiles	1870	292	18,374,503
	1880	191	26,223,981
	1890	248	38,450,800
	1900	298	60,643,104
	1905	360	88,708,576
Flax, hemp	1890	162	27,731,649
and jute	1900	141	41,991,762
	1905	133	54,423,531
Combined	1850	3,025	112,513
textiles	1860	3,027	150,080
	1870	4,790	297,694
	1880	4,018	412,721
	1890	4,276	767,705
	1900	4,312	1,042,997,577
	1905	4,563	1,343,324,605

	Year.	Number of wage- earners.	Wages.
Wool	1850	47,763	…
manu-	1860	59,522	$ 13,361,602
facture	1870	119,859	40,357
	1880	161,557	47,389
	1890	213,859	70,917
	1900	242,495	82,292
	1905	283,691	102,333,548
Cotton	1850	92,286	…
manu-	1860	122,028	23,940
facture	1870	135,369	39,044
	1880	174,659	42,040
	1890	218,876	66,024
	1900	802,861	86,689
	1905	315,874	96,205
Silk	1850	1,743	…
manufacture	1860	5,435	1,050
	1870	6,649	1,942
	1880	31,337	9,146
	1890	49,382	17,762
	1900	65,416	20,982
	1905	79,601	26,767
Dyeing and	1850	5,105	…
finishing	1860	7,097	2,001
textiles	1870	13,066	5,221
	1880	16,698	6,474
	1890	19,601	8,911
	1900	29,776	12,726
	1905	35,563	15,469
Flax, hemp	1890	15,519	4,872
and jute	1900	20,903	6,331
	1905	24,508	8,580
Combined	1850	146,877	…
textiles	1860	194,082	40,353
	1870	274,943	86,565
	1880	384,251	105,050,666
	1890	517,237	168,488,982
	1900	661,451	209,022,447
	1905	739,239	249,357,277

	Year.	Cost of materials.	Value of products.
Wool	1850	$29,246,696	$ 49,636,881
manu-	1860	46,649,365	80,734,606
facture	1870	134,154,615	217,668,826
	1880	164,371,551	267,252,913
	1890	203,095,572	337,768,524
	1900	232,230,986	392,473,050
	1905	319,154,878	517,492,142
Cotton	1850	34,835,056	61,869,184
manu-	1860	57,285,534	115,681,774
facture	1870	111,736,936	177,489,789
	1880	102,206,347	192,090,110
	1890	154,912,979	267,981,724
	1900	176,551,527	339,200,320
	1905	286,255,303	450,467,704
Silk	1850	1,093,866	1,809,476
manufacture	1860	3,901,777	6,607,771
	1870	7,817,559	12,210,662
	1880	22,467,701	41,033,045
	1890	51,004,425	87,298,454
	1900	62,406,665	107,256,258
	1905	75,861,188	188,288,072
Dyeing and	1850	11,540,347	15,454,430
finishing	1860	5,005,435	11,716,463
textiles	1870	99,539,992	113,017,537
	1880	13,664,295	32,297,420
	1890	12,385,220	28,900,460
	1900	17,958,137	44,963,331
	1905	19,621,253	50,849,545
Flax, hemp	1890	26,148,344	37,313,021
and jute	1900	32,197,885	47,601,607
	1905	44,890,546	62,939,329
Combined	1850	76,715,959	128,769,971
textiles	1860	112,842,111	214,740,614
	1870	353,249,102	520,386,764
	1880	302,709,894	532,673,488
	1890	447,546,540	759,262,283
	1900	521,345,200	931,494,566
	1905	745,783,168	1,215,036,792

[Z] Includes hosiery and knit goods.

[AA] Includes cotton small wares.

Cotton Manufactures in the United States, 1870 to 1905.

[From official reports of the United States Census Office.]

	1870.	1880.	1890.	1900.	1905.
Number of establishments	956	756	905	973	1,077
Capital	$140,706,291	$208,280,346	$354,020,843	$460,842,772	$605,100,164
Wage-earners, average number	135,369	174,659	218,876	297,929	310,458
Total wages	$39,044,132	$42,040,510	$66,024,538	$85,126,310	$94,377,696
Cost of materials used	$111,736,936	$102,206,347	$154,912,979	$178,441,390	$282,047,648
Value of products	$177,489,739	$192,090,110	$267,981,724	$332,806,156	$442,451,218
Active spindles, number	7,132,415	10,653,435	14,188,103	19,008,352	23,155,613
Looms, number	157,310	225,759	324,866	450,682	640,910
Cotton consumed, bales	…	1,570,344	2,261,600	3,639,495	3,743,089
Cotton consumed, pounds	398,308,257	759,343,981	1,117,945,776	1,814,002,512	1,873,074,716

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