UECF logoUnited Evangelical Christian Fellowship Church (UECF)130 Ferris Pl, Westfield, NJ
Chapter 10 of 12

Section 10

Section 10

Year ending June 30— Foodstuffs in crude condition and food animals. Foodstuffs partly or wholly prepared. Crude materials for use in manufacturing. Manufactures for further use in manufacturing.
Dollars. Percent of Total Dollars. Percent of Total Dollars. Percent of Total Dollars. Percent of Total
1820 2,474,822
4.79
 10,085,366
19.51
 31,246,382
60.46
 4,867,379
9.42
1830 2,724,181
4.65
 9,556,992
16.32
 36,482,266
62.34
 4,117,606
7.04
1840 4,564,532
4.09
 15,936,108
14.27
 75,488,421
67.61
 4,841,101
4.34
1850 7,535,764
5.59
 20,017,162
14.84
 83,984,707
62.26
 6,060,900
4.49
1860 12,166,447
3.85
 38,624,949
12.21
 216,009,648
68.31
 12,641,625
3.99
1870 41,852,630
11.12
 50,919,666
13.53
 213,439,991
56.64
 13,711,708
3.66
1875 79,077,679
15.84
 110,292,780
22.09
 206,271,795
41.31
 27,458,054
5.50
1880 266,108,950
32.30
 193,352,723
23.47
 238,787,934
28.98
 29,044,159
3.52
1881 241,641,847
27.34
 226,386,821
25.62
 278,918,722
31.55
 32,820,713
3.71
1882 155,008,497
21.14
 178,002,738
24.28
 233,294,072
31.82
 37,164,800
5.07
1883 163,196,443
20.29
 186,392,822
23.18
 288,841,684
35.92
 37,996,198
4.72
1884 130,395,872
17.99
 194,703,245
26.86
 239,510,224
33.04
 37,800,437
5.21
1885 123,326,867
16.97
 201,800,801
27.77
 248,611,181
34.22
 39,437,313
5.42
1886 100,799,692
15.13
 162,689,021
24.43
 254,409,407
38.21
 34,037,715
5.11
1887 125,453,686
17.85
 175,784,781
25.00
 250,236,436
35.60
 36,732,490
5.22
1888 86,368,408
12.63
 169,872,314
24.84
 271,275,629
39.67
 40,176,023
5.88
1889 98,847,455
13.54
 174,504,227
23.90
 286,235,227
39.19
 42,712,932
5.85
1890 132,073,183
15.62
 224,756,580
26.59
 304,566,922
36.03
 46,454,992
5.50
1891 106,155,721
12.17
 226,448,303
25.96
 346,848,321
39.77
 47,961,372
5.49
1892 262,455,846
25.84
 250,438,545
24.66
 315,096,548
31.02
 50,284,241
4.95
1893 153,277,859
18.43
 247,075,061
29.73
 247,289,240
29.75
 49,070,703
5.94
1894 133,196,928
15.30
 249,846,142
28.77
 276,068,989
31.70
 67,145,189
7.72
1895 99,051,108
12.49
 219,125,531
27.62
 264,194,679
33.30
 61,812,896
7.78
1896 128,550,669
14.90
 219,413,574
25.41
 251,817,571
29.17
 76,219,728
8.85
1897 181,420,814
17.58
 235,051,930
22.79
 296,834,858
28.76
 98,284,243
9.52
1898 305,108,915
25.21
 284,879,827
23.54
 286,311,334
23.66
 101,990,563
8.43
1899 232,903,066
19.35
 304,754,736
25.31
 277,723,374
23.07
 117,730,260
9.78
1900 227,347,193
16.59
 318,126,502
23.28
 325,589,000
23.75
 152,890,591
11.15
1901 246,394,140
16.88
 336,605,378
23.05
 397,767,463
27.24
 148,013,625
10.12
1902 184,786,389
13.63
 328,831,350
24.27
 373,595,243
27.56
 131,918,311
9.73
1903 185,308,064
13.31
 323,244,251
23.22
 408,679,699
29.35
 140,415,620
10.09
1904 135,747,224
9.46
 308,835,694
21.52
 461,716,328
32.17
 174,574,136
12.17
1905 118,185,098
7.92
 283,064,680
18.98
 472,665,309
31.69
 209,361,544
14.03
1906 177,216,467
10.32
 347,385,462
20.22
 500,536,700
29.13
 226,210,513
13.17
1907 167,348,227
9.03
 345,706,609
18.65
 593,145,135
32.00
 259,414,784
13.99
1908 189,051,824
10.30
 331,961,663
18.10
 556,681,462
30.33
 261,105,883
14.23
1909 135,663,625
8.28
 302,457,444
18.46
 520,768,631
31.78
 229,937,155
14.04
Year ending June 30— Manufactures ready for consumption. Miscellaneous. Total.
Dollars. Percent

of Total		 Dollars. Percent

of Total		 Dollars.
1820 2,925,165
5.66
 84,526
0.16
 51,683,640
1830 5,461,589
9.34
 182,244 .31 58,524,878
1840 10,584,079
9.47
 246,320 .22 111,660,561
1850 17,162,206
12.72
 139,494 .10 134,900,233
1860 35,811,383
11.33
 988,371 .31 316,242,423
1870 56,329,137
14.96
 363,341 .09 376,616,473
1875 74,503,493
14.92
 1,680,299 .34 499,284,100
1880 92,774,139
11.26
 3,878,448 .47 823,946,353
1881 102,458,449
11.59
 1,699,395 .19 883,925,947
1882 124,835,385
17.02
 4,934,240 .67 733,239,732
1883 122,448,549
15.23
 5,347,936 .66 804,223,632
1884 118,172,882
16.30
 4,382,192 .60 724,964,852
1885 110,818,865
15.25
 2,687,919 .37 726,682,946
1886 111,627,312
16.76
 2,401,382 .36 665,964,529
1887 112,417,839
15.99
 2,397,691 .34 703,022,923
1888 113,892,689
16.65
 2,277,041 .33 683,862,104
1889 123,183,883
16.87
 4,798,885 .65 730,282,609
1890 132,527,050
15.68
 4,915,101 .58 845,293,828
1891 140,349,741
16.09
 4,506,825 .52 872,270,283
1892 132,792,441
13.07
 4,664,390 .46 1,015,732,011
1893 129,938,284
15.63
 4,379,638 .52 831,030,785
1894 135,659,274
15.61
 7,288,415 .84 869,204,937
1895 143,244,969
18.06
 5,963,407 .75 793,392,590
1896 181,789,157
21.04
 5,409,788 .63 863,200,487
1897 212,959,122
20.63
 7,456,636 .72 1,032,007,603
1898 222,537,358
18.38
 9,463,916 .78 1,210,291,913
1899 262,656,583
21.81
 8,163,203 .68 1,203,931,222
1900 331,955,684
24.15
 14,854,601
1.08
 1,370,763,571
1901 317,764,367
21.76
 13,917,833 .95 1,460,462,806
1902 321,946,540
23.75
 14,404,028
1.06
 1,355,481,861
1903 327,489,757
23.52
 7,100,911 .51 1,392,231,302
1904 348,745,843
24.30
 5,559,792 .38 1,435,179,017
1905 402,064,030
26.95
 6,403,980 .43 1,491,744,641
1906 459,812,656
26.76
 6,791,584 .40 1,717,953,382
1907 480,708,667
25.93
 7,394,612 .40 1,853,718,034
1908 489,469,958
26.68
 6,515,567 .36 1,834,786,357
1909 441,820,754
26.97
 7,707,984 .47 1,638,355,593
Year ending June 30— Foodstuffs in crude condition and food animals.
Dollars. Percent

of

Total
1820
2,474,822
4.79
1830
2,724,181
4.65
1840
4,564,532
4.09
1850
7,535,764
5.59
1860
12,166,447
3.85
1870
41,852,630
11.12
1875
79,077,679
15.84
1880
266,108,950
32.30
1881
241,641,847
27.34
1882
155,008,497
21.14
1883
163,196,443
20.29
1884
130,395,872
17.99
1885
123,326,867
16.97
1886
100,799,692
15.13
1887
125,453,686
17.85
1888
86,368,408
12.63
1889
98,847,455
13.54
1890
132,073,183
15.62
1891
106,155,721
12.17
1892
262,455,846
25.84
1893
153,277,859
18.43
1894
133,196,928
15.30
1895
99,051,108
12.49
1896
128,550,669
14.90
1897
181,420,814
17.58
1898
305,108,915
25.21
1899
232,903,066
19.35
1900
227,347,193
16.59
1901
246,394,140
16.88
1902
184,786,389
13.63
1903
185,308,064
13.31
1904
135,747,224
9.46
1905
118,185,098
7.92
1906
177,216,467
10.32
1907
167,348,227
9.03
1908
189,051,824
10.30
1909
135,663,625
8.28
Year ending June 30— Foodstuffs partly or wholly prepared.
Dollars. Percent

of

Total
1820
10,085,366
19.51
1830
9,556,992
16.32
1840
15,936,108
14.27
1850
20,017,162
14.84
1860
38,624,949
12.21
1870
50,919,666
13.53
1875
110,292,780
22.09
1880
193,352,723
23.47
1881
226,386,821
25.62
1882
178,002,738
24.28
1883
186,392,822
23.18
1884
194,703,245
26.86
1885
201,800,801
27.77
1886
162,689,021
24.43
1887
175,784,781
25.00
1888
169,872,314
24.84
1889
174,504,227
23.90
1890
224,756,580
26.59
1891
226,448,303
25.96
1892
250,438,545
24.66
1893
247,075,061
29.73
1894
249,846,142
28.77
1895
219,125,531
27.62
1896
219,413,574
25.41
1897
235,051,930
22.79
1898
284,879,827
23.54
1899
304,754,736
25.31
1900
318,126,502
23.28
1901
336,605,378
23.05
1902
328,831,350
24.27
1903
323,244,251
23.22
1904
308,835,694
21.52
1905
283,064,680
18.98
1906
347,385,462
20.22
1907
345,706,609
18.65
1908
331,961,663
18.10
1909
302,457,444
18.46
Year ending June 30— Crude materials for use in manufacturing.
Dollars. Percent

of

Total
1820
31,246,382
60.46
1830
36,482,266
62.34
1840
75,488,421
67.61
1850
83,984,707
62.26
1860
216,009,648
68.31
1870
213,439,991
56.64
1875
206,271,795
41.31
1880
238,787,934
28.98
1881
278,918,722
31.55
1882
233,294,072
31.82
1883
288,841,684
35.92
1884
239,510,224
33.04
1885
248,611,181
34.22
1886
254,409,407
38.21
1887
250,236,436
35.60
1888
271,275,629
39.67
1889
286,235,227
39.19
1890
304,566,922
36.03
1891
346,848,321
39.77
1892
315,096,548
31.02
1893
247,289,240
29.75
1894
276,068,989
31.70
1895
264,194,679
33.30
1896
251,817,571
29.17
1897
296,834,858
28.76
1898
286,311,334
23.66
1899
277,723,374
23.07
1900
325,589,000
23.75
1901
397,767,463
27.24
1902
373,595,243
27.56
1903
408,679,699
29.35
1904
461,716,328
32.17
1905
472,665,309
31.69
1906
500,536,700
29.13
1907
593,145,135
32.00
1908
556,681,462
30.33
1909
520,768,631
31.78
Year ending June 30— Manufactures for further use in manufacturing.
Dollars. Percent

of

Total
1820
4,867,379
9.42
1830
4,117,606
7.04
1840
4,841,101
4.34
1850
6,060,900
4.49
1860
12,641,625
3.99
1870
13,711,708
3.66
1875
27,458,054
5.50
1880
29,044,159
3.52
1881
32,820,713
3.71
1882
37,164,800
5.07
1883
37,996,198
4.72
1884
37,800,437
5.21
1885
39,437,313
5.42
1886
34,037,715
5.11
1887
36,732,490
5.22
1888
40,176,023
5.88
1889
42,712,932
5.85
1890
46,454,992
5.50
1891
47,961,372
5.49
1892
50,284,241
4.95
1893
49,070,703
5.94
1894
67,145,189
7.72
1895
61,812,896
7.78
1896
76,219,728
8.85
1897
98,284,243
9.52
1898
101,990,563
8.43
1899
117,730,260
9.78
1900
152,890,591
11.15
1901
148,013,625
10.12
1902
131,918,311
9.73
1903
140,415,620
10.09
1904
174,574,136
12.17
1905
209,361,544
14.03
1906
226,210,513
13.17
1907
259,414,784
13.99
1908
261,105,883
14.23
1909
229,937,155
14.04
Year ending

June 30—		 Manufactures ready

for consumption.
Dollars. Percent

of

Total
1820
2,925,165
5.66
1830
5,461,589
9.34
1840
10,584,079
9.47
1850
17,162,206
12.72
1860
35,811,383
11.33
1870
56,329,137
14.96
1875
74,503,493
14.92
1880
92,774,139
11.26
1881
102,458,449
11.59
1882
124,835,385
17.02
1883
122,448,549
15.23
1884
118,172,882
16.30
1885
110,818,865
15.25
1886
111,627,312
16.76
1887
112,417,839
15.99
1888
113,892,689
16.65
1889
123,183,883
16.87
1890
132,527,050
15.68
1891
140,349,741
16.09
1892
132,792,441
13.07
1893
129,938,284
15.63
1894
135,659,274
15.61
1895
143,244,969
18.06
1896
181,789,157
21.04
1897
212,959,122
20.63
1898
222,537,358
18.38
1899
262,656,583
21.81
1900
331,955,684
24.15
1901
317,764,367
21.76
1902
321,946,540
23.75
1903
327,489,757
23.52
1904
348,745,843
24.30
1905
402,064,030
26.95
1906
459,812,656
26.76
1907
480,708,667
25.93
1908
489,469,958
26.68
1909
441,820,754
26.97
Year ending

June 30—		 Miscellaneous. Total.
Dollars. Percent

of

Total		 Dollars.
1820
84,526
0.16
51,683,640
1830
182,244
.31
58,524,878
1840
246,320
.22
111,660,561
1850
139,494
.10
134,900,233
1860
988,371
.31
316,242,423
1870
363,341
.09
376,616,473
1875
1,680,299
.34
499,284,100
1880
3,878,448
.47
823,946,353
1881
1,699,395
.19
883,925,947
1882
4,934,240
.67
733,239,732
1883
5,347,936
.66
804,223,632
1884
4,382,192
.60
724,964,852
1885
2,687,919
.37
726,682,946
1886
2,401,382
.36
665,964,529
1887
2,397,691
.34
703,022,923
1888
2,277,041
.33
683,862,104
1889
4,798,885
.65
730,282,609
1890
4,915,101
.58
845,293,828
1891
4,506,825
.52
872,270,283
1892
4,664,390
.46
1,015,732,011
1893
4,379,638
.52
831,030,785
1894
7,288,415
.84
869,204,937
1895
5,963,407
.75
793,392,590
1896
5,409,788
.63
863,200,487
1897
7,456,636
.72
1,032,007,603
1898
9,463,916
.78
1,210,291,913
1899
8,163,203
.68
1,203,931,222
1900
14,854,601
1.08
1,370,763,571
1901
13,917,833
.95
1,460,462,806
1902
14,404,028
1.06
1,355,481,861
1903
7,100,911
.51
1,392,231,302
1904
5,559,792
.38
1,435,179,017
1905
6,403,980
.43
1,491,744,641
1906
6,791,584
.40
1,717,953,382
1907
7,394,612
.40
1,853,718,034
1908
6,515,567
.36
1,834,786,357
1909
7,707,984
.47
1,638,355,593
Population of the United States 10 Years of Age and Upward, Engaged in Manufacturing and Other Gainful Occupations, Census Year 1900, by Sex.

[From reports of the Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce and Labor.]

OCCUPATION. 1900.
Male. Female. Total.
AGRICULTURAL PURSUITS 9,404,429 977,336 10,381,765
PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 827,941 430,597 1,258,538
DOMESTIC AND PERSONAL SERVICE 3,485,208 2,095,449 5,580,657
TRADE AND TRANSPORTATION 4,263,617 503,347 4,766,964
MANUFACTURING AND

MECHANICAL PURSUITS		 5,772,641 1,312,668 7,085,309


Building trades.
Carpenters and joiners 599,707 545 600,252
Masons (brick and stone) 160,638 167 160,805
Painters, glaziers, and varnishers 275,782 1,759 277,541
Paper hangers 21,749 241 21,990
Plasterers 35,649 45 35,694
Plumbers and gas and steam fitters 97,659 126 97,785
Roofers and slaters 9,065 2 9,067
Mechanics (not otherwise specified) 9,351 27 9,378


Chemicals and allied products.
Oil well and oil works employes 24,573 53 24,626
Other chemical workers 12,035 2,688 14,723


Clay, glass, and stone products.
Brick and tile makers, etc. 49,455 478 49,933
Glassworkers 47,377 2,621 49,998
Marble and stone cutters 54,317 143 54,460
Potters 13,200 2,940 16,140


Fishing and mining.
Fishermen and oystermen 68,478 462 68,940
Miners and quarrymen 562,417 989 563,406


Food and kindred products.
Bakers 74,860 4,328 79,188
Butchers 112,815 378 113,193
Butter and cheese makers 18,593 648 19,241
Confectioners 21,980 9,214 31,194
Millers 40,362 186 40,548
Other food preparers 23,640 5,142 28,782


Iron and steel and their products.
Blacksmiths 226,284 193 226,477
Iron and steel workers 287,241 3,297 290,538
Machinists 282,574 571 283,145
Steam boiler makers 33,038 8 33,046
Stove, furnace, and grate makers 12,430 43 12,473
Tool and cutlery makers 27,376 746 28,122
Wheelwrights 13,495 10 13,505
Wireworkers 16,701 1,786 18,487


Leather and its finished products.
Boot and shoe makers and repairers 169,393 39,510 208,903
Harness and saddle makers and repairers 39,506 595 40,101
Leather curriers and tanners 40,917 1,754 42,671
Trunk and leather-case makers, etc. 5,472 1,579 7,051


Liquors and beverages.
Bottlers and soda water makers, etc. 9,725 794 10,519
Brewers and maltsters 20,687 275 20,962
Distillers and rectifiers 3,114 30 3,144


Lumber and its remanufactures.
Cabinetmakers 35,552 67 35,619
Coopers 37,087 113 37,200
Saw and planing mill employes 161,251 373 161,624
Other woodworkers 104,791 6,805 111,596


Metals and metal products other than iron and steel.
Brassworkers 25,870 890 26,760
Clock and watch makers and repairers 19,305 4,815 24,120
Gold and silver workers 19,732 6,380 26,112
Tin plate and tinware makers 68,730 1,775 70,505
Other metal workers 54,282 2,320 56,602


Paper and printing.
Bookbinders 14,646 15,632 30,278
Box makers (paper) 3,796 17,302 21,098
Engravers 10,698 453 11,151
Paper and pulp mill operatives 26,904 9,424 36,328
Printers, lithographers, and pressmen 139,166 15,981 155,147


Textiles.
Bleachery and dye works operatives 20,493 1,785 22,278
Carpet factory operatives 10,371 9,001 19,372
Cotton mill operatives 125,788 120,603 246,391
Hosiery and knitting mill operatives 12,630 34,490 47,120
Silk mill operatives 22,023 32,437 54,460
Woolen mill operatives 42,566 30,630 73,196
Other textile mill operatives 53,437 51,182 104,619
Dressmakers 2,090 344,794 346,884
Hat and cap makers 15,110 7,623 22,733
Milliners 1,739 86,120 87,859
Seamstresses 4,837 146,105 150,942
Shirt, collar, and cuff makers 8,491 30,941 39,432
Tailors and tailoresses 160,714 68,935 229,649
Other textile workers 8,862 20,671 29,533


Miscellaneous industries.
Broom and brush makers 8,643 1,577 10,220
Charcoal, coke, and lime burners 14,405 31 14,436
Engineers and firemen (not locomotive) 223,318 177 223,495
Glovemakers 4,503 7,768 12,271
Manufacturers and officials, etc. 239,649 3,360 243,009
Model and pattern makers 14,869 204 15,073
Photographers 23,361 3,580 26,941
Rubber factory operatives 14,492 7,374 21,866
Tobacco and cigar factory operatives 87,955 43,497 131,452
Upholsterers 28,663 2,158 30,821
Other miscellaneous industries 380,167 90,922 471,089
 Total manufacturing and mechanical pursuits 5,772,641 1,312,668 7,085,309
  Grand total 23,753,836 5,319,397 29,073,233
OCCUPATION. 1900.
Male. Female.
AGRICULTURAL PURSUITS
9,404,429
977,336
PROFESSIONAL SERVICE
827,941
430,597
DOMESTIC AND PERSONAL SERVICE
3,485,208
2,095,449
TRADE AND TRANSPORTATION
4,263,617
503,347
MANUFACTURING AND

MECHANICAL PURSUITS
5,772,641
1,312,668


Building trades.
Carpenters and joiners
599,707
545
Masons (brick and stone)
160,638
167
Painters, glaziers, and varnishers
275,782
1,759
Paper hangers
21,749
241
Plasterers
35,649
45
Plumbers and gas and steam fitters
97,659
126
Roofers and slaters
9,065
2
Mechanics (not otherwise specified)
9,351
27


Chemicals and allied products.
Oil well and oil works employes
24,573
53
Other chemical workers
12,035
2,688


Clay, glass, and stone products.
Brick and tile makers, etc.
49,455
478
Glassworkers
47,377
2,621
Marble and stone cutters
54,317
143
Potters
13,200
2,940


Fishing and mining.
Fishermen and oystermen
68,478
462
Miners and quarrymen
562,417
989


Food and kindred products.
Bakers
74,860
4,328
Butchers
112,815
378
Butter and cheese makers
18,593
648
Confectioners
21,980
9,214
Millers
40,362
186
Other food preparers
23,640
5,142


Iron and steel and their products.
Blacksmiths
226,284
193
Iron and steel workers
287,241
3,297
Machinists
282,574
571
Steam boiler makers
33,038
8
Stove, furnace, and grate makers
12,430
43
Tool and cutlery makers
27,376
746
Wheelwrights
13,495
10
Wireworkers
16,701
1,786


Leather and its finished products.
Boot and shoe makers and repairers
169,393
39,510
Harness and saddle makers and repairers
39,506
595
Leather curriers and tanners
40,917
1,754
Trunk and leather-case makers, etc.
5,472
1,579


Liquors and beverages.
Bottlers and soda water makers, etc.
9,725
794
Brewers and maltsters
20,687
275
Distillers and rectifiers
3,114
30


Lumber and its remanufactures.
Cabinetmakers
35,552
67
Coopers
37,087
113
Saw and planing mill employes
161,251
373
Other woodworkers
104,791
6,805


Metals and metal products other than iron and steel.
Brassworkers
25,870
890
Clock and watch makers and repairers
19,305
4,815
Gold and silver workers
19,732
6,380
Tin plate and tinware makers
68,730
1,775
Other metal workers
54,282
2,320


Paper and printing.
Bookbinders
14,646
15,632
Box makers (paper)
3,796
17,302
Engravers
10,698
453
Paper and pulp mill operatives
26,904
9,424
Printers, lithographers, and pressmen
139,166
15,981


Textiles.
Bleachery and dye works operatives
20,493
1,785
Carpet factory operatives
10,371
9,001
Cotton mill operatives
125,788
120,603
Hosiery and knitting mill operatives
12,630
34,490
Silk mill operatives
22,023
32,437
Woolen mill operatives
42,566
30,630
Other textile mill operatives
53,437
51,182
Dressmakers
2,090
344,794
Hat and cap makers
15,110
7,623
Milliners
1,739
86,120
Seamstresses
4,837
146,105
Shirt, collar, and cuff makers
8,491
30,941
Tailors and tailoresses
160,714
68,935
Other textile workers
8,862
20,671


Miscellaneous industries.
Broom and brush makers
8,643
1,577
Charcoal, coke, and lime burners
14,405
31
Engineers and firemen (not locomotive)
223,318
177
Glovemakers
4,503
7,768
Manufacturers and officials, etc.
239,649
3,360
Model and pattern makers
14,869
204
Photographers
23,361
3,580
Rubber factory operatives
14,492
7,374
Tobacco and cigar factory operatives
87,955
43,497
Upholsterers
28,663
2,158
Other miscellaneous industries
380,167
90,922
 Total manufacturing and mechanical pursuits
5,772,641
1,312,668
  Grand total
23,753,836
5,319,397
OCCUPATION. 1900.
Total.
AGRICULTURAL PURSUITS
10,381,765
PROFESSIONAL SERVICE
1,258,538
DOMESTIC AND PERSONAL SERVICE
5,580,657
TRADE AND TRANSPORTATION
4,766,964
MANUFACTURING AND

MECHANICAL PURSUITS
7,085,309


Building trades.
Carpenters and joiners
600,252
Masons (brick and stone)
160,805
Painters, glaziers, and varnishers
277,541
Paper hangers
21,990
Plasterers
35,694
Plumbers and gas and steam fitters
97,785
Roofers and slaters
9,067
Mechanics (not otherwise specified)
9,378


Chemicals and allied products.
Oil well and oil works employes
24,626
Other chemical workers
14,723


Clay, glass, and stone products.
Brick and tile makers, etc.
49,933
Glassworkers
49,998
Marble and stone cutters
54,460
Potters
16,140


Fishing and mining.
Fishermen and oystermen
68,940
Miners and quarrymen
563,406


Food and kindred products.
Bakers
79,188
Butchers
113,193
Butter and cheese makers
19,241
Confectioners
31,194
Millers
40,548
Other food preparers
28,782


Iron and steel and their products.
Blacksmiths
226,477
Iron and steel workers
290,538
Machinists
283,145
Steam boiler makers
33,046
Stove, furnace, and grate makers
12,473
Tool and cutlery makers
28,122
Wheelwrights
13,505
Wireworkers
18,487


Leather and its finished products.
Boot and shoe makers and repairers
208,903
Harness and saddle makers and repairers
40,101
Leather curriers and tanners
42,671
Trunk and leather-case makers, etc.
7,051


Liquors and beverages.
Bottlers and soda water makers, etc.
10,519
Brewers and maltsters
20,962
Distillers and rectifiers
3,144


Lumber and its remanufactures.
Cabinetmakers
35,619
Coopers
37,200
Saw and planing mill employes
161,624
Other woodworkers
111,596


Metals and metal products other than iron and steel.
Brassworkers
26,760
Clock and watch makers and repairers
24,120
Gold and silver workers
26,112
Tin plate and tinware makers
70,505
Other metal workers
56,602


Paper and printing.
Bookbinders
30,278
Box makers (paper)
21,098
Engravers
11,151
Paper and pulp mill operatives
36,328
Printers, lithographers, and pressmen
155,147


Textiles.
Bleachery and dye works operatives
22,278
Carpet factory operatives
19,372
Cotton mill operatives
246,391
Hosiery and knitting mill operatives
47,120
Silk mill operatives
54,460
Woolen mill operatives
73,196
Other textile mill operatives
104,619
Dressmakers
346,884
Hat and cap makers
22,733
Milliners
87,859
Seamstresses
150,942
Shirt, collar, and cuff makers
39,432
Tailors and tailoresses
229,649
Other textile workers
29,533


Miscellaneous industries.
Broom and brush makers
10,220
Charcoal, coke, and lime burners
14,436
Engineers and firemen (not locomotive)
223,495
Glovemakers
12,271
Manufacturers and officials, etc.
243,009
Model and pattern makers
15,073
Photographers
26,941
Rubber factory operatives
21,866
Tobacco and cigar factory operatives
131,452
Upholsterers
30,821
Other miscellaneous industries
471,089
 Total manufacturing and mechanical pursuits
7,085,309
  Grand total
29,073,233
World’s Development of Carrying Power, Production, and Commerce, 1800-1907.

[From “Transportation Systems of the World,” issued by the Bureau of Statistics, Department of Commerce and Labor.]

Year. Population. Commerce. Carrying Power.
Total. Per capita. Sail. Steam. Total.
Millions. Millions of dollars. Dollars. Thousand tons.
 Thousand tons.
 Thousand tons.
1800
 640 1,479 2.31 4,026 … 4,026
1820
 780 1,659 2.13 5,814 0.023 5,894
1830
 847 1,981 2.34 7,100 .111 7,528
1840
 950 2,789 2.93 9,012 .372 10,482
1850
 1,075 4,049 3.76 11,470 .864 14,902
1860
 1,205 7,246 6.01 14,890 1.723 21,730
1870
 1,310 10,663 8.14 12,900 3.012 25,100
1880
 1,439 14,761 10.26 14,400 5.901 37,900
1890
 1,488 17,519 11.80 12,640 8.295 47,800
1900 1,543 20,105 13.02 8,119 13.856 63,543
1906 1,600 26,500 16.50 5,469 21.094 89,845
1907 … … … 5,200 22.140 93,760
Year. Railways. Telegraphs. Cables. Production of Cotton, Coal, and Pig iron.
Cotton. Coal. Pig iron.
Thousand miles.
 Thousand miles. Thousand miles. Million pounds.
 Million

tons.		 Million tons.
1800
 … … … 520 11.6 0.5
1820
 … … … 630 17.2 1.0
1830
 0.2 … … 820 25.1 1.6
1840
 5.4 … … 1,310 44.8 2.7
1850
 24.0 5 1⁄40 1,435 81.4 4.4
1860
 67.4 100 1½  2,551 142.3 7.2
1870
 139.9 281 151½ 2,775 213.4 11.9
1880
 224.9 440 491½ 3,601 340.0 18.1
1890
 390.0 768 1321½ 5,600 466.0 25.2
1900 500.0 1,180 2001½ 6,247 800.0 41.4
1906
562.8		 1,200 2001½
9,971		 987.9 58.1
1907 595.8 … …
8,256
1,079.6
59.7
Year. Population. Commerce.
Total. Per capita.
Millions. Millions of dollars. Dollars.
1800
640
1,479
2.31
1820
780
1,659
2.13
1830
847
1,981
2.34
1840
950
2,789
2.93
1850
1,075
4,049
3.76
1860
1,205
7,246
6.01
1870
1,310
10,663
8.14
1880
1,439
14,761
10.26
1890
1,488
17,519
11.80
1900
1,543
20,105
13.02
1906
1,600
26,500
16.50
1907 … … …
Year. Carrying Power.
Sail. Steam. Total.
Thousand tons.
 Thousand tons.
 Thousand tons.
1800
4,026
 …
4,026
1820
5,814
0.023
5,894
1830
7,100
.111
7,528
1840
9,012
.372
10,482
1850
11,470
.864
14,902
1860
14,890
1.723
21,730
1870
12,900
3.012
25,100
1880
14,400
5.901
37,900
1890
12,640
8.295
47,800
1900
8,119
13.856
63,543
1906
5,469
21.094
89,845
1907
5,200
22.140
93,760
Year. Railways. Telegraphs. Cables.
Thousand miles.
 Thousand miles. Thousand miles.
1800
 … … …
1820
 … … …
1830
0.2
 … …
1840
5.4
 … …
1850
24.0
5
1⁄40
1860
67.4
100
1½ 
1870
139.9
281
15.0
1880
224.9
440
49.0
1890
390.0
768
132.0
1900
500.0
1,180
200.0
1906
562.8
1,200
200.0
1907
595.8
 … …
Year. Production of Cotton, Coal, and Pig iron.
Cotton. Coal. Pig iron.
Million pounds.
 Million

tons.		 Million tons.
1800
520
11.6
0.5
1820
630
17.2
1.0
1830
820
25.1
1.6
1840
1,310
44.8
2.7
1850
1,435
81.4
4.4
1860
2,551
142.3
7.2
1870
2,775
213.4
11.9
1880
3,601
340.0
18.1
1890
5,600
466.0
25.2
1900
6,247
800.0
41.4
1906
9,971
987.9
58.1
1907
8,256
1,079.6
59.7

Year.

[JJ]

[LL]

[MM]

360
128.5

[NN]

402
76.1

[NN]

…

94.5

[OO]

492
134.8

[OO]

…

363.9

[OO]

583
1,334.0

[PP]

…

1,263.0

[QQ]

749
1,150.8

[RR]

807
1,060.1

1900

875
2,100.0

1906

900
3,095.0

1907

…

3,259.5

[JJ] Mulhall’s estimate, except 1830, 1890, 1900, 1906, and 1907.

[KK] Steam tonnage reduced to sail by multiplying by 4.

[LL] Soetbeer’s estimates prior to 1860.

[MM] Malte-Brun’s estimate for 1804.

[NN] Based on Balbi’s estimate for 1828.

[OO] Based on Michelet’s estimate for 1845.

[PP] Based on Behm-Wagner estimate for 1874.

[QQ] Levasseur’s estimate for 1878.

[RR] Royal Geographic Society estimate.

[SS] Estimates of the Archiv für Eisenbahnwesen.

[TT] Estimates of the United States Census Office.

[UU] Estimates of the United States Geological Survey.

[VV] Estimates of the “Mineral Industry.”

1. CAPITAL INVESTED IN MANUFACTURING AT EACH CENSUS:

1850 TO 1900

2. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE-EARNERS EMPLOYED IN MANUFACTURES AT EACH CENSUS: 1850 TO 1900

3. VALUE OF PRODUCTS AT EACH CENSUS: 1850 TO 1900

4. PROPORTION WHICH AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE-EARNERS EMPLOYED IN MANUFACTURES BEAR TO POPULATION AT EACH CENSUS: 1850 TO 1900

1. CAPITAL INVESTED IN MANUFACTURING IN EACH STATE AND TERRITORY: 1900

2. CAPITAL INVESTED BY STATE GROUPS

1. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE-EARNERS EMPLOYED IN MANUFACTURES: 1900.

2. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS EMPLOYED IN MANUFACTURES BY STATE GROUPS

VALUE OF PRODUCTS OF CERTAIN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES: 1850 TO 1900

MILLIONS OF DOLLARS

VALUE OF ALL MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS IN THE U. S., AND PROPORTIONAL VALUE OF EACH GROUP: 1880 TO 1900

VALUE OF PRODUCTS OF MANUFACTURES PER SQUARE MILE: 1900

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