2 St. Jerome
ST. JEROME
6. They say that there are other Epistles of his to Victor, bishop of Rome, on the Paschal question, in which he admonishes him that he should not easily sunder the unity of the episcopal college.
7. In fact Victor had believed that many bishops of Asia and the Orient, who celebrated the Pasch with the Jews on the fourteenth of the moon, deserved to be excommunicated. But many who disagreed with them did not go along with Victor in this decision.!* 8. Irenaeus lived mostly in the reign of Commodus, who had succeeded Marcus Antoninus as emperor.® NOTES 1. Eus., h.e. 5.1.1, §.1.29. For bibliographic and lexicographic aids on Irenacus, cf. N. Brox, Irendus ven Lyon. Formalsirukturen seiner Theologie und
Forschungsbericht (194%); M. A. Donovan, "Irenaeus in Recent Scholarship,"
SecCent 4 (1984): 219—41;]. Rouge, L. Doutreleau, B. de Vregille, M. Jourjon, P. Ferlay, "Irénée de Lyon," Mission 482 (1986): 183—213. Other studies include M. Jourjon, "Saint Irénée lit la Bible," in Le monde grec et la Bible, ed. C. Mondésert, 153—70; K ]. Tortorelli, "Some methods of interpretation in Saint Irenaeus," V&Chr 30 (1998): 128—82; S. Lundstrom, Dée Uberlieferung der lateinischen Irenaeusiiberseizung (Uppsala, 1985).
2. h.e 5.4.1-2.
8. h.¢. 5.5.8, and Chron., o.D 182, ed. Helm, 208.
4.DVI 14,
5. CPG 1306; St. Irenaeus, Against the Heresies, Book 1, trans. D. J. Unger and J. J. Dillon, ACW gy (New York, 1992). Jerome shows a personal knowledge of this work in his ep. 75, to Theodora.
6. h.e. 5.26.1.
7. h.e. §.26.1. Is this a misunderstanding by Jerome of h.c. §.7.1 ('BExéyXoU Kal
. YWWoews)?
8. CPG 1307; Irénée dz Lyon, Démonstration de la Prédication Apostolique, ed.
A. Rousseau, SC 400 (Paris, 1995).
9. h.e. 5.1 and §.20.1.
10. CPG 1300; h.e. .15 and §.20.
11. obrtaypa, composition, On the Ogdoad CPG 1308; R. Staats, "Ogdoas als ein Symbol fir die Auferstehung," VigChr 26 (1972): 20-52.
12. h.e. 5.20.2.
13. Ep. to Vidor: CPG 1310. See h.e. §.24.12—17. This gave him his name, Blpnvalos, "man of peace." See E. Lanne, "S. Irénée de Lyons, artisan de la paix entre les Eglises," Irénskon 69 (1996): 4%1—76; H. F. von Campenhausen, "Ostertermin oder Osterfasten? Zum Verstandnis des Irenausbrief an Viktor (Euseb. Hist. Ecel. V, 24, 12-17)," VigChr
28 (1974): 114—38.
14. h.e. 5.24.
ON ILLUSTRIOUS MEN
15. h.e. 5.9.1: "When Antoninus [i.e., Marcus Aurelius] had continued as Emperor for nineteen years [161-180], Commodus took over the sovereignty" (on March 17, 180).
REFERENCES
Q1, 287-313 — Dr, 4345, 9599 — TLG 1447 — CPG 1306-21 — CPL
22475 — Cath 6, 81-86, M. Jourjon — DHGE 25, 147779, R. Aubert — DSp 4, 2, 1923-69, L. Doutreleau, L. Regnault — EEC 12, 587-89, M. T.
Clark — EECh 1, 413—26, A. Orbe — LThK 3, #%73—75, P-Th. Camelot — LThK 58, 583-8s, F. Diinzl — NCE 7, 631—32, H. Dressler — RAC Lief. 142,
820-54, N. Brox — TRE 15, 258-67, H.-|. Jaschke — Gestalten 1, 82—96, N.
Brox — Vielhauer, Geschichte, 529—40 — Dihle, Greek and Latin, 303—4
XXXVI. PANTAENUS THE PHILOSOPHER
S ANTAENUS, A PHILOSOPHER of the Stoic school,! according to a certain ancient custom in Alexandria, BEFA| where, beginning with Mark the Evangelist, there were always teachers of the church,? was endowed with such wisdom and learning both in the Scriptures and in secular literature that he was sent by Demetrius, bishop of Alexandria, into India® at the request of legates from this people.
2. And there he found that Bartholomew of the twelve apostles had preached the coming of the Lord Jesus according to the Gospel of Matthew which, written in Hebrew letters, he brought back with him on his return to Alexandria.*
3. Indeed many commentaries of his on Holy Scripture survive, but his living voice was more beneficial to the churches.
4. He taught in the reign of the emperors Severus and Antoninus whose surname was Caracalla.®
NOTES 1. Eus,, ke 5.10.2,06.19.13.
2. he 2.6 and 5.10.1,3; M. P. Roncaglia, "Panténe et la Didascalée d'Alexandrie," in A Tribute to Arthur Voobus (Chicago, 19%77), 211-33.
ST. JEROME
3. h.e. 5.10.2-3; W. H. C. Frend, "Some Cultural Links between India and the West in the early Christian centuries," in Theoria to Theory 2 (1968):
06-11.
4. h.e. .10.3. On Bartholomew cf. R. Trevijano, EECh 1, 112.
5. Severus, 193—211; Caracalla, 211-21%. Marrou has very tentatively suggested Pantaenus as the author of A Diognéte, SC 332 (Paris, 1965; repr.,
1997), 266-68.
REFERENCES
Q 2, 42-53 — Dr, 104~7 — Cath 10, B10-11, J. Liébaert — DSp 12, 159-61, A. Méhat — EEC 22, 859, E. Ferguson — EECh 2, 630, S. Lilla —
LThK S8, 24, J. A. Fischer — NCE 10, 947, M. Whittaker — Dihle, Greck and Latin, 328
XXXVII. RHODO, THE DISCIPLE OF TATIAN
) HODO, AN ASIAN by birth,! educated in the Scriptures
| at Rome by Tatian of whom we have spoken above,? composed numerous works, and especially one, Against Marcion,? in which he shows how also the Marcionites were at variance among themselves.
2. And he said that he had once encountered another heretic, an old man, Apelles* and had engaged in a discussion with him and that he, Rhodo, held Apelles up to ridicule because he said that he did not know the God whom he worshipped.®
3. In the same book which he wrote to Kallistio he recalled that he was a disciple of Tatian at Rome.% He also composed elegant treatises On the Hexaemeron," and a distinguished work,
Against the Phrygians,® and his dates were in the reign of Commodus and Severus.®
NOTES 1. Eus,, h.e 5.13.1.
2. Tadan: DVI 29.
3. plurima: a mistranslation of Eusebius, 8tddopa pipua. Cf. CPG 1300,
ON ILLUSTRIOUS MEN
"Fragmenta (apud Euseb., HE.,, V, 13, 2—4, 5, 6-7)." On Marcion, f. ke 4.11 and EEC 22, 715-1%, H. F. Stander.
4. h.e. 5.13.2. Apelles, greatest disciple of Marcion: cf. art., 5.v., EECh 1, 54; L.
E. Junod, "Les attitudes d'Apelles, disciple de Marcion, 41'égard de I'Ancien Testament," AugR22 (1982): 113-33.
5. What Rhodo said about Apelles was, "As to how there was a single source he said that he did not know"; quoted in A.e. 5.13.6-7.
6. h.e. 5.13.8.
7. he 5.13.8.
8. Against the Phrygians, mistakenly assigned to Rhodo by Jerome, who wrongly identifies him with the anonymous anti-Montanist in k.e 5.16
[CPG 1329]; see EECh 1, 150, art., "Cataphrygians," V. Zangara.
9. Commodus, 180-192; Severus, 193—211.
REFERENCES
Q1, 225, 277274, 284 — TLG 1655 — CPG 1300 — DSp 2, 1, g62-63 — EECh 2, 736, E. Peretto — LThK 8, 1280, H. Rahner
XXXVIII. CLEMENT THE PRESBYTER
MLEMENT, A PRIEST of the church of Alexandria,! a /| student of Pantaenus, whom we have discussed already,? after the latter's death became director of the [catechetical] school of the church of Alexandria® and was a master of kaTnxoewy, catecheses.* 2. His distinguished volumes, full of erudition and eloquence, both about the divine Scriptures and the vehicle of secular literature,® are well known.
3. Among them are the following:® Irpwpatels, Stromateis, eight books;"
'YmoTumwoewy, Hypotyposeis, eight books;?
Against the Pagans, one book;?
Paidagogos, three books;° On the Pasch, one book;! a disquisition, On Fasting? and another work, called What Rich Man will be Saved;®
ST. JEROME
On Detraction, one book:!* On Ecclesiastical Canons and Against Those who Follow the Error of the Jews, one book, which he dedicated [mpocepwimoer] in person to Alexander, bishop of Jerusalem.!®
4. Besides, in his Stromatess he makes mention of a work of Tatian, Against the Pagans, about which we have already spoken,® and. of a Xpovoypadla, Chronography, of a certain Cassian,!" a work which I could not find.
Among the Jews he also makes mention of one Aristobulus,!® and Demetrius and Eupolemus,'® anti-pagan writers, who, like
Josephus,® had asserted the greater dpxaioyovia, antiquity, of Moses and the Jewish race.?!
5. From Alexander, bishop of Jerusalem, who later ruled the church with Narcissus,? there exists a letter directed to the Antiochenes,? congratulating them on the ordination of Asclepiades, the confessor.? At the end of the letter it reads:®
6. "Brethren of the Lord, I'send this letter to you by the hand of Clement, the blessed presbyter, a man illustrious and approved, whom you also know and will now know better, who also when he came here in accordance with the providence and overseership of God consolidated and increased the church of the Lord."
17. It is well known that Origen was his student.?® He lived in the reign of Severus, and of Antoninus, his son.
NOTES 1. Eus., h.e. 5.11.1: Clement is not called a priest by Eusebius.
2. h.e. §.11.1-2; on Pantaenus cf. DV 36.
8. h.e. 6.6.1.
4. "and was a master of kaTnyfioewy, catecheses™: kaTnxtfioewy, magister EECh 1, 150-51, art., "Catechesis," F. Cocchini.
5. h.e. 6.13; "the divine Scriptures": E. Osborn, "La Bible inspiratrice d'une morale chrétienne d'aprés Clément d'Alexandrie," in Lz monde grec a la Bible, ed. C. Mondésert, 153-70.
6. Eusebius gives the same list at h.e. 6.13. See A, Méhat, "Etat présent des études sur Clément d'Alexandrie. Essai le bilan pour la période 1950—-1992," ANRWII, 24, 2; E. Osborn, "Clement of Alexandria: a review of research, 1958-82," SecCent 3 (1983): 210—44.
7. Stromaia: h.e. 6.13.1 gives full title. See also h.e. 6.6.1. Jerome also knows the Stromaig of Origen: cf. Adv. Rufinum 1.18.
ON ILLUSTRIOUS MEN
8. he 6.13.2 and 6.14. On'YTroTvmicers, now lost, cf. E. F. Osborn, "Clement of Alexandria's Hypotyposeis," JThS 36 (198%): 70; idem, "Clement's
Hypotyposeis: Macarius Revisited," SecCent?7, 4 (1980-90): 233-35.
9. Adversus gentes, called ITpoTpénTikos in Eus., h.e.6.13.3.
10. h.e. 6.138.3.
11. h.e. 6.13.3; cf. R. Cantalamessa, Easter in the Early Church, trans. J. M.
Quigley and ]J. T. Lienhard (Collegeville, Minn.: Liturgical Press, 1993), 52-53. See also h.c. 4.26.4.
12. h.e. 6.13.3.
18. h.e. 6.13.3.
14. h.e. 6.13.3.
15. h.e.6.13.3.
16. Tatian: h.e. 6.13.7 and Clement, Strom. 1.21.101.2 (FOTC 85, g9); see also DVI 29.
17. "and of a Xpovoypadla, Chronography, of a certain Cassian": mentioned with Tatian in Strom. 1.21.101.2 (FOTC 83, 9g); in Clement the title is éEeyfiruca. For Cassian see also Strom. 3.13.91.1 (FOTC 8, 313).
18. Aristobulus was a Hellenistic Jewish apologist of the mid-2nd century B. C.; cf. art.,, "Judaeco-Hellenism," EECh 1, 455, dting N. Walter, Der Theragusleger Aristobulus, TU 86 (Berlin, 1964). Eusebius quotes him in Pragp. evang. 13.12.1—-2 (Clem., Proirep. 7.74). See A. van de Bunt and A van den
Hoek, "Aristobulus, Acts, Theophilus, Clement Making Use of Aratus'
Phainomena: A Peregrination," Bijdragen 41 (1980): 290-gg.
19. h.e. 6.18.7.
20. Josephus: h.e. 6.18.7; see also h.e 7.32.16-17. Cf. DVI 13.2: "two books dpxaréTnros, of antiquities."
21. Clement, Strom. 1.15.72.4, FOTC 8, 77 and n. 342. On the priorityof-Moses theme, see D. Ridings, The Attic Moses. The dependency theme in some early Christian writers (Gothenburg, 1995); A.
J. Droge, Homer or Moses? EarIy Christian Interpraations of the History of Culture (Tubingen, 1989); P. Pilhofer, Presbyteron kreitton (Tibingen, 19go).
22. h.e. 6.11.1. Alexander was bishop of Jerusalem from 212 to 250.
28. h.e.6.11.5.
24. h.e.6.11.4: Asdepiades succeeded Serapion.
25. h.e.6.11.5.
26. 5..6.6.1.
REFERENCES
Q 2, 5-36 — Dr, 107-11 — TLG o5 — CPG 1, 1375—09 — Cath 2, 12036, G. Bardy — DHGE 2, 1428-28, G. Bardy — DSp 2, g50-61, . Le- 'breton — EEC 1%, 262-64, W. H. Wagner — EECh 1, 179-81, M. Mees
— LThK 6, 331-32, P-Th. Camelot — LThK 6° 126—2%, E. Friichtel — NCE 3, 948-44, M. Spanneut — RAC g, 182-88, L. Friichtel
— TRE 8, 101-13,
A. Méhat — Dihle, Greck and Latin, 328-31 — Gestalten 1, 121-33, A. M.
Ritter — BBKL 1, 1063-66, B. F. W. Bautz
ST. JEROME
XXXIX. MILTIADES
S ILTIADES,! of whom Rhodo makes mention in the work which he composed against Montanus, Prisca, and Maximilla, wrote an excellent volume against those same people,? and other works against the pagans and the Jews,? and he presented an Apology to the emperors of his time.*
2. He lived in the reign of Marcus Antoninus and Commodus.® NOTES 1. Eus,, h.e 5.17.1 (FOTC 19, 320and n. 1).
2. he 5.13.2—7; cf. M. Y. MacDonald, Early Christian Women; W. Tabbernee, "Montanist Regional Bishops: New Evidence from Ancient Inscripdons," JECS1, 3 (1993): 249-80.
3. Nothing survives.
4. h.e. 5.117.5. See Grant, Gresk Apologisis, go—91; R. E. Heine, ed., The Montanist Oracles and Testimonia, PatMS 14, 154-55.
5. Marcus Antoninus, 161-180; Commodus, 180-192.
REFERENCES
Q 1, 42-53 — Cath 8, 1111, art,, "Melchiade ou Miltiade," T. de Morembert — EEC 22, 750, D. M. Scholer — EECh 1, 560, V. Zangara— LThK 7,
421-22, ]J. A. Fischer — LThK 73, 261-62, M.-B. v. Stritzky — C. Pietri, Roma christiana (Rome, 1976), 160-67
XL. APOLLONIUS
B POLLONIUS,! a man of great eloquence, wrote against ; E Montanus, Prisca, and Maximilla, a distinguished Z%¥| lengthy work,? in which he narrates that Montanus and his insane prophetesses died by hanging themselves,® and many other details among which he refers to Prisca and Maximilla as follows:*
ON ILLUSTRIOUS MEN
2. "If they say that they have not accepted gifts, let them confess that those are not prophets who accepted gifts, and I will prove with a thousand proofs that they have. But it is necessary to test a prophet by other fruits. Tell me, does a prophet dye her hair? Does a prophet pencil her eyebrows in black? Does a prophet adorn herself with fine clothes and ornaments? Does a prophet play at the gaming tables and dice? Does she lend money at usury? Let them answer whether it is lawful for these things to be done or not, and it will be my task to prove that they have. done these things."
3. He says in the same book that he wrote his book in the fortieth year after the Cataphrygian, katd ®pilryas, heresy® had its beginning.
4. Tertullian, having published six books against the church with the title, DeékaTdoer, On Eestasy® composed a seventh specifically, Against Apollonius, in which he sought to defend everything which Apollonius had refuted.
5Apollonius lived in the reign of the emperors Commodus: and Severus, NOTES 1. Eus,, h.e 5.18.1, quoted in Q 2, g17-18.
2. CPG 1328: "Adversus Cataphrygas (apud Euseb., H.E., V,18,2, 3, 4. §.
6-10, 11)."
8. h.e. 5.18.12: according to Apollonius, "[Montanus] plotted his fictitious prophecy."
4. h.e 5.18.11.
5. kard ®plryas: a circumlocution for "a heresy of the Phryges"; see h.e.
5.16.1 and 6.20.3; Epiph., Pan. 49.1 (trans. Amidon, 173); John Dam., Haer. 87; cf. EECh 1, 150, art., "Cataphrygians," E. Peretto.
6. On Ecstasy: now lost; doubtless a work of Tertullian's Montanist period; cf. Q 2, 317; D. Powell, "Tertullianists and Cataphrygians," VigChr 29
(1975): 33-54-
REFERENCES
Q 2,317-18 — DHGE 3, 1013-14 — EECh 1%, 60, F. Scorza Barcellona — LThK 1%, 831, M. Stark — R. E. Heine, The Montanist Orades and Testimonsa,
PatMS 14, 154-55
ST. JEROME
XLI. SERAPION THE BISHOP
ERAPION,!
ORDAINED BIsHOP of Antioch in the eleventh year of the emperor Commodus, wrote a letg ter to Caricus and Pontius concerning the heresy of Montanus, to which he added the following:?
2. "In order that you may know that the folly of this false teaching, that is, of the new prophecy, is abominated by the whole world, I send you the letter of the most blessed Apollinaris, who was bishop of Hierapolis in Asia."
3. He also composed a work directed To Domnus, who had lapsed into Judaism*in the time of persecution, and another book, On the so-called Gospel attributed to Peter, to the church of Rhossos in Cilicia, which had deviated to heresy as a result of reading it.® 4. Certain other short letters of his are read pertaining to the ascetical life.
NOTES 1. Eus,, h.e. 5.19.1: "bishop after Maximinius."
2. h.e. 5.19.2—4, abbreviated here. See R. E. Heine, The Monianist Oracles and Testimonia, PatMS 14, 154-55.
3. Apollinaris: h.e. 5.19.1; cf.
DVI 26.
4. Ad Domnum: h.e. 6.12.1: Jerome has translated as ad Judacos Eusebius's words, eis TTv Iovdalkny é8ehofpnoreiav (cf. Col 2.23).
5. See h.e. 6.12.2-6, where we get along excerpt. On Gospel of Peter, . Q 1, 114; E. Junod, "Eusébe de Césarée, Serapion d'Antioche et
I'Evangile de Pierre. D'un Evangile 4 un Pseudepigraphe," RSLR 24 (1988): 3-16. Marcianus was the leader of a Docetist sect in Rhossos: cf. h.e 6.12.5, not quotedin DVIL
6. Based on h.e 6.12.1, which reads: "Now it is likely that other memoirs also, the fruit of Serapion's literary studies (Tfis mepl Aéyou doKricews) are preserved by other persons (wap' étepois)."
REFERENCES
Q 1,114, 283-84 — TLG 1670 — CPG 1333-34 — Cath 13, 112624, G Mathon — DSp 14, 643-52, D. Dufrasne — EECh ¢, 768, A. Hamman —
LThK g, 682, E. Hammerschmidt — NCE 13, 105-6, J. Quasten — NCE
ON ILLUSTRIOUS MEN
14, 100, art., "Thmuis," M. C. McCarthy — E. Junod, "Observations sur la regulation de la foi dans I'église des Ile et Ille siécles," Le Supplément 133
(1980): 195—=213
XLII. APOLLONIUS THE SENATOR,
ANOTHER ONE
I POLLONIUS,!
A SENATOR of the city of Rome in the g| reign of the emperor Commodus, denounced as a
=62>34| Christian by a slave, having been granted his request to render an account of his faith, composed a remarkable work which he read in the Senate.?
2. Nevertheless, because of a decree in the senate, he was beheaded as a follower of Christ, on the basis of an old law which was in vogue among them that Chrisdans who had once appeared before them for judgment could not be let off unless they abjured their faith.® NOTES 1. Eus,, ke 5.21.
2. he 5.21.4.
3. For the Acta of his trial, see T. D. Barnes, JRS 58 (1968): 46—48; idem, Tertullian. A Historical and Literary Study (19'71; reissued with corr. and postscript, Oxford, 1985), 6—7; V. Saxer, "Martyrium Apollonii Romani: analyse structurelle et problémes d''authenticité," RPAA 55/56 (1982-84): 265—
08; R. Freudenberger, "Die Uberlieferung vom Martyrium des rémischen Christen Apollonius," ZNW 6o (1969): 111-30.
REFERENCES
LThK 1%, 831, T. Baumeister — DHGE g, 1012-13, J. Kirsch
ST. JEROME
XLIII. THEOPHILUS, ANOTHER BISHOP
7l HEOPHILUS, BISHOP of Caesarea in Palestine,! formerly called the Tower of Strato,? in the reign of the emperor Severus,® in conjunction with the other bishops wrote a very helpful synodal letter, Against Those who Celebrate the Pasch with the Jews on the Fourteenth Day of the Full Moon.*
NOTES 1. Eus., ke 5.22.1.
2. Turris Stratonis. h.e. 2.10.3, quoting Josephus, Ant. 19, Loeb Classical Library, Vol. g of Josephus, 343-51.
3. Severus: emperor, 193-211.
4. "Synodal Letter": h.e. 5.23.3; 5.25.1. Elsewhere (Adv. Rufinum 3.16) Jerome tells us: "Within the past two years or so, I have translated two of his letters, one a Synodal, the other a Paschal letter against Origen and his disciples, and other letters against Apollinaris and that same Origen himself," trans. J. N. Hritzu, FOTC 53, 182; see also P. Nautin, Lesires et écrivains chrétiens des Ile et Ille siecles (Paris, 1961), 85-89.
REFERENCES
TLG 1050 — CPG 1340 — EECh 2, 831, G. Ladocsi — LThK 10, 9o, K Baus
XLIV. BACCHYLUS THE BISHOP
gl ACCHYLUS, BISHOP of Corinth,! distinguished during the reign of the same Severus, wrote an elegant synodal weatise, On the Pasch,? in the name of all the other bishops of Achaia.
NOTES 1. Eus,, ke 5.22; 5.23.4.
2. R Cantalamessa, Easter in the Early Church, 34.
ON ILLUSTRIOUS MEN
REFERENCES
DHGE 6, 52 — EECh 1, 106, E. Prinzivalli — P. Nautin, Lettres, 85—89
XLV. POLYCRATES THE BISHOP
=lOLYCRATES, BISHOP of Ephesus,! along with the other bishops of Asia Minor, who according to ancient usage celebrate the Pasch as do the Jews on the fourteenth of the moon,? wrote a synodal letter to Victor, bishop of Rome, in which he declared that he followed the authority of the apostle John and of the ancients.® From this we have made these few excerpts:* 2. "We therefore keep the precise day, neither adding nor taking away anything. For in Asia great luminaries have fallen asleep and they will rise on the day when the Lord will come in his majesty from the heavens and shall raise up all the saints. I speak of Philip, one of the twelve apostles, who has fallen asleep at Hierapolis, and two of his daughters who grew old as virgins, and another daughter of his who was full of the Holy Spirit and has come to rest at Ephesus.
3. "Moreover, there is also John who reclined on the Lord's breast and was his priest, wearing the golden breastplate, a martyr and master, who has fallen asleep in Ephesus. And Polycarp, bishop and martyr, sleeps in Smyrna. Thraseas also, bishop and martyr of Eumenia, rests in the same Smyrna.
4. "And must I recall Sagaris, bishop and martyr, who sleeps at Laodicea, and Papirius, the blessed, and Melito, a eunuch in the Holy Spirit, who, serving the Lord unceasingly, was laid to rest in Sardis and awaits the resurrection in his coming.
5. "All these celebrated the day of the Pasch on the fourteenth day of the moon according to the gospel tradition, in no way swerving, but always following the rule of the church. And I also, Polycrates, the least of you all, according to the teaching of my kinsmen and some of whom I have followed—for seven of my family were bishops and I am the eighth—have celebrated
ST. JEROME
the Pasch always when the Jewish people have unleavened bread.
6. "Therefore, brethren, I who have lived sixty-five years of my life in the Lord and have been taught by many brethren from all over the world, having studied all of Scripture, will not fear those who threaten us. For my predecessors have said, 'It is better to obey God rather than men.""® 7. Moreover, I have put down these things that I might demonstrate the talent and authority of the man from a small work. He flourished in the times of the emperor Severus,® in the same period that Narcissus was in Jerusalem.
NOTES 1. Eus,, h.e g3.31.2-3.
2. h.e. 5.23.1.
8. h.e. 5.24.1.
4. h.e. 5.24.2-8; Cantalamessa, Easter, 34—35; see also h.e. 3.31.2-3.
5. Acts 5.29.
6. h.e. 5.22.
REFERENCES
Q2,209 — TLG1626 — CPG 1, 1338 — Cath 11, 598—99, P-Th. Camelot — EEC 22, 935, E. Ferguson — EECh 2, 701, A. Di Berardino — LThK 8,
598, J. Quasten — Nautin, Letires, 65—104
XLVI. HERACLITUS
N THE REIGN of Commodus and Severus,! Heraclitus? composed Commentaries on the Apostle [Paul].®
NOTES 1. Commodus, 180-192; Septimius Severus, 193—211.
2. See Eus., h.e. 5.27, which provides the entire material for the next 5 entries.
3. Not extant; "on the Apostle" invariably means Paul's epistles, not Acts.
ON ILLUSTRIOUS MEN
REFERENCES
Cath §, 630 — DHGE 23, 1348, R. Aubert — EECh 1, 875, G. Ladocsi — LThK g, 288, J. Kraus — LThK 4°, 1430, M. Stark
XLVII. MAXIMUS
a]N THE REIGN of the same emperors,! Maximus,? in a % distinguished volume, aired a famous queston: "What
| is the origin of evil and was matter made by God?"® NOTES 1. Commodus, 180-192; Septimius Severus, 198-211.
2. Eus., h.e. §.2%; work no longer extant.
3. The reference should be to Methodius, De &bero arbitrio; cf. L. G. Patterson, Mahedius of Olympus: Divine Soveregnty, Human Freedom, and Life in Christ (Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 1997),
16 and 13 n. 1% ("De libaro arbitrio .
. may originally have been titled Maximus: On God, Matier and Free Will') . Eusebius quotes it in Prasgp. evang. 7.22,
GCS, Eusebius Werke 8, 1, 405. See T. D. Barnes, "Methodius, Maximus and Valentinus," JThS, n.s., 37 (1979): 353-68.
REFERENCES
EECh 1, 546, C. Gianotto
XLVIII. CANDIDUS
N THE REIGN of the above-mentioned emperors,1 Candidus? published very fine treatises On the Hexae