hand here, or of his wrath in hell. It is a heathenish and a horrid sin
First, There is a stoical silence. The stoics of old thought it altogether
below a man that hath reason or understanding either to rejoice in
any good, or to mourn for any evil; but this stoical silence is such a
sinful insensibleness as is very provoking to a holy God, Isa. 26:10,
11. God will make the most insensible sinner sensible either of his
hand here, or of his wrath in hell. It is a heathenish and a horrid sin
to be without natural affections, Rom. 1:31. And of this sin Quintus
Fabius Maximus seems to be foully guilty, who, when he heard that
his mother and wife, whom he dearly loved, were slain by the fall of
an house, and that his younger son, a brave, hopeful young man, died
at the same time in Umbria, he never changed his countenance, but
went on with the affairs of the commonwealth as if no such calamity
had befallen him. This carriage of his spoke out more stupidity than
patience, Job 36:13.
And so Harpalus was not at all appalled when he saw two of his sons
laid ready dressed in a charger, when Astyages had bid him to
supper. This was a sottish insensibleness. Certainly if the loss of a
child in the house be no more to thee than the loss of a chick in the
yard, thy heart is base and sordid, and thou mayest well expect some
sore awakening judgment. This age is full of such monsters, who
think it below the greatness and magnanimity of their spirits to be
moved, affected, or afflicted with any afflictions that befall them. I
know none so ripe and ready for hell as these.
Aristotle speaks of fishes, that though they have spears thrust into
their sides, yet they awake not. God thrusts many a sharp spear
through many a sinner's heart, and yet he feels nothing, he
complains of nothing. These men's souls will bleed to death. Seneca,
Epist. x., reports of Senecio Cornelius, who minded his body more
than his soul, and his money more than heaven; when he had all the
day long waited on his dying friend, and his friend was dead, he
returns to his house, sups merrily, comforts himself quickly, goes to
bed cheerfully. His sorrows were ended, and the time of his
mourning expired before his deceased friend was interred. Such
stupidity is a curse that many a man lies under. But this stoical
silence, which is but a sinful sullenness, is not the silence here
meant.
Secondly, There is a politic silence. Many are silent out of policy.
Should they not be silent, they should lay themselves more open
either to the rage and fury of men, or else to the plots and designs of
men: to prevent which they are silent, and will lay their hands upon
their mouths, that others might not lay their hands upon their
estates, lives, or liberties: 'And Saul also went home to Gibeah, and
there went with him a band of men, whose hearts God had touched.
But the children of Belial said, How shall this man save us? and they
despised him, and brought him no presents; but he held his peace,'
or was as though he had been deaf, 1 Sam. 10:26, 27. This new king
being but newly entered upon his kingly government, and observing
his condition to be but mean and low, his friends but few, and his
enemies many and potent, sons of Belial, i. e. men without yoke, as
the word signifies, men that were desperately wicked, that were
marked out for hell, that were even incarnate devils, who would
neither submit to reason nor religion, nor be governed by the laws of
nature nor of nations, nor yet by the laws of God: now this young
prince, to prevent sedition and rebellion, blood and destruction,
prudently and politicly chooses rather to lay his hand upon his
mouth than to take a wolf by the ear or a lion by the beard; wanted
neither wit nor will to be mute; he turns a deaf ear to all they say, his
unsettled condition requiring silence.
Henry the Sixth, emperor of Germany, used to say, Qui nescit tacere,
nescit loqui, He that knows not how to be silent, knows not how to
speak. Saul knew this was a time for silence; he knew his work was
rather to be an auditor than an orator. But this is not the silence the
proposition speaks of.
Thirdly, There is a foolish silence. Some fools there be that can
neither do well nor speak well, and because they cannot word it
neither as they would nor as they should, they are so wise as to be
mute: Prov. 17:28, 'Even a fool, when he holds his peace, is counted
wise, and he that shutteth his lips is esteemed a man of
understanding.' As he cannot be wise that speaks much, so he cannot
be known for a fool that says nothing. There are many wise fools in
the world; there are many silly fools, who, by holding their tongues,
gain the credit and honour of being discreet men. He that doth not
discover his want of wisdom by foolish babbling, is accounted wise,
though he may be otherwise. Silence is so rare a virtue, where
wisdom doth regulate it, that it is accounted a virtue where folly doth
impose it. Silence was so highly honoured among the old Romans,
that they erected altars to it. That man shall pass for a man of
understanding, who so far understands himself as to hold his tongue.
For though it be a great misery to be a fool, yet it is a greater that a
man cannot be a fool but he must needs shew it. But this foolish
silence is not the silence here meant.
Fourthly, There is a sullen silence. Many, to gratify an humour, a
lust, are sullenly silent; these are troubled with a dumb devil, which
was the worst devil of all the devils you read of in the Scripture, Mark
9:17–28. Pliny, in his Natural History, maketh mention of a certain
people in the Indies, upon the river Ganges, called Astomy, that have
no mouth, but do only feed upon the smell of herbs and flowers.
Certainly there is a generation amongst us, who, when they are under
the afflicting hand of God, have no mouths to plead with God, no lips
to praise God, nor no tongues to justify God. These are possessed
with a dumb devil; and this dumb devil had possessed Ahab for a
time: 1 Kings 21:4, 'And Ahab came into his house, heavy and
displeased, and laid him down upon his bed, and turned away his
face, and would eat no bread.' Ahab's ambitious humour, his
covetous humour, being crossed, he is resolved to starve himself, and
to die of the sullens. A sullen silence is both a sin and a punishment.
No devil frets and vexes, wears and wastes the spirits of a man, like
this dumb devil, like this sullen silence.
Some write of a certain devil, whom they call Hudgin, who will not,
they say, hurt anybody, except he be wronged. I cannot speak so
favourably of a sullen silence, for that wrongs many at once, God and
Christ, bodies and soul. But this is not the silence here meant.
Fifthly, There is a forced silence. Many are silent per force. He that is
under the power of his enemy, though he suffer many hard things,
yet he is silent under his sufferings, because he knows he is liable to
worse; he that hath taken away his liberty, may take away his life; he
that hath taken away his money, may take off his head; he that hath
let him blood in the foot may let him blood in the throat if he will not
be still and quiet: and this works silence per force. So, when many
are under the afflicting hand of God, conscience tells them that now
they are under the hand of an enemy, and the power of that God
whom they have dishonoured, whose Son they have crucified, whose
Spirit they have grieved, whose righteous laws they have
transgressed, whose ordinances they have despised, and whose
people they have abused and opposed; and that he that hath taken
away one child, may take away every child; and he that hath taken
away the wife, might have taken away the husband; and he that hath
taken away some part of the estate, might have taken away all the
estate; and that he who hath inflicted some distempers upon the
body, might have cast both body and soul into hell-fire for ever; and
he that hath shut him up in his chamber, may shut him out of heaven
at pleasure. The thoughts and sense of these things makes many a
sinner silent under the hand of God; but this is but a forced silence.
And such was the silence of Philip the Second, king of Spain, who,
when his invincible Armada, that had been three years a-fitting, was
lost, he gave command that all over Spain they should give thanks to