For The Earth Which Drinketh In The Rain That Cometh Oft Upon It, And Bringeth Forth Herbs Meet For Them By Whom It Is D
HOMILY X
HEB. 6:7, 8.
FOR THE EARTH WHICH DRINKETH IN THE RAIN THAT COMETH OFT UPON IT, AND BRINGETH FORTH HERBS MEET FOR THEM BY WHOM IT IS DRESSED, RECEIVETH BLESSING FROM GOD. BUT IF IT BEAR THORNS AND BRIARS IT IS REJECTED, AND NIGH UNTO CURSING, WHOSE END IS TO BE BURNED.
LET us listen to the oracles of God with fear, with fear and much trembling. For (it is said) Serve the Lord with fear, and rejoice unto Him with trembling. But if even our joy and our exultation ought to be with trembling, of what punishment are we not worthy, if we listen not with terror to what is said, when the things spoken are themselves fearful, such as those now [uttered]?
For having said that it is impossible for those who have fallen away to be baptized a second time, and to receive the remission which is [given] through the Washing, and having pointed out the awefulness of the case, he goes on to say, for land which has drunk in the rain that cometh often upon it, and bringeth forth herbs meet for them by whom also it is cultivated, partaketh of blessing from God. But if it bear thorns and thistles, it is rejected, and near to a curse; whose end is for burning.
Let us then fear, my beloved! This threat is not Paul’s, these are not the words of man: they are the words of the Holy Ghost, of Christ that speaketh in him. Is there then any one that is clear from these thorns? And even if we were clear, not even so ought we to be confident, but to fear and tremble lest at any time thorns should spring up in us. But when we are wholly and throughout thorns and thistles, whence is it (tell me) that we are confident? and are becoming supine? what is it which makes us inert? If he that thinketh he standeth ought to fear lest he fall; for (he saith) Let him that thinketh he standeth, take heed lest he fall; he that hath fallen, how anxious ought he to be that he may rise up again! If Paul fears, lest that by any means, when he had preached to others, himself should be a castaway; and he who had been so approved is afraid lest he should become disapproved: what pardon shall we have who are already disapproved, if we have no fears, but fulfil our Christianity as a custom, and to clear off a duty. Let us then fear, beloved: For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven. Let us fear, for it is revealed not against impiety only but against all unrighteousness. What is against all unrighteousness? [against all] both small and great.
[2.] In this passage he intimates the loving-kindness of God towards man: and the teaching [of the Gospel] he calls rain: and what he said above, when for the time ye ought to be teachers, this he says here also. Indeed in many places the Scripture calls the teaching rain. For (it says) I will command the clouds that they rain no rain upon it, speaking of the vineyard. The same which in another place it calls a famine of bread, and a thirst of water. And again, The river of God is full of waters.
For land, saith he, which hath drunk in the rain that cometh often upon it. Here he shews clearly that they had received and had drunk in the word, yea and had often enjoyed this, and yet not even so had they profited. For if (he means) thou hadst not been tilled, if thou hadst enjoyed no rains, the evil would not have been so great. For (it is said) If I had not come and spoken unto them they had not had sin. But if thou hast often drank and received [nourishment], wherefore hast thou brought forth other things instead of fruits? For (it is said) I waited that it should bring forth grapes, and it brought forth thorns.
Thou seest that everywhere the Scripture calleth sins thorns. For David also saith, I was turned into mourning when a, thorn was fixed in me. For it does not simply come on us, but is fixed in; and even if but a little of it remain in, even if we take it not out entirely, that little portion of itself in like manner causes pain, just as in the case of a thorn. And why do I say, ‘that little of itself?’ even after it has been taken out, it leaves therein for a long time the pain of the wound. And much care and treatment is necessary, that we may be perfectly freed from it. For it is not enough merely to take away the sin, it is necessary also to treat the wounded place.
I fear however that the things said [here] apply to us more than to others. For, he saith, land which hath drunk in the rain that cometh often upon it. We are ever drinking, ever hearing, but when the sun is risen we straightway lose our moisture, and for this cause we bring forth thorns. What then are the thorns? Let us hear Christ saying, that the care of this world, and the deceitfulness of riches, choke the word, and it becometh unfruitful.
[3.] For land which hath drunk in the rain that cometh oft upon it, he saith, and bringeth forth meet herbs. Because nothing is so meet as purity of life, nothing so suitable as the most excellent life, nothing so meet as virtue.
And bringeth forth (saith he) herbs meet for them by whom it is cultivated, partakes of blessing from God. Here he says that God is the cause of all things, giving the heathen a quiet blow, who ascribed the production of fruits to the power of the earth. For (saith he) it is not the hands of the husbandman which stir up the earth to bear fruits, but the command which comes from God. For this cause he says, partakes of blessing from God.
And see how in speaking of the thorns, he said not, “bringing forth thorns,” nor did he use this word expressive of what is good and useful; but what said he? bearing [literally putting out] thorns, as if one should say, ‘forcing out,’ ‘throwing out.’
Rejected (he saith) and nigh unto a curse. Oh! how great consolation is there in this word! For he said nigh unto a curse, not “a curse.” Now he that hath not yet fallen into a curse, but is come to be near [thereto], may also come to be far off [therefrom].
And not by this word only did he encourage them, but also by what follows. For he did not say rejected and nigh unto a curse, “which shall be burned,” but what then? Of which the end is for burning, if he continue [such] (he means) unto the end. So that, if we cut out and burn the thorns, we shall be able to enjoy those good things innumerable and to become approved, and to partake of blessing.
And with good reason did he call sin a thistle, saying that which beareth thorns and thistles; for on whatever side you lay hold on it, it wounds and stings [you], and it is unpleasant even to look at.
[4.] Having therefore sufficiently rebuked them, and alarmed and wounded them, he in turn soothes them, so as not to cast them down too much, and make them supine. For he that strikes one that is dull, makes him more dull. So then he neither flatters them throughout, lest he should make them supine, nor does he wound them throughout, but having inserted a little which was calculated to wound them, he applies much that is of a soothing and healing nature in what follows.
For what saith he? We say not these things, as having already condemned you, nor as thinking you to be full of thorns, but in the fear that this should come to pass. For it is better to terrify you by words, that ye may not suffer by the realities. And this is specially a sign of Paul’s wisdom.
Moreover he did not say, We think, or, we conjecture, or, we expect, or, we hope, but what? (ver. 9) But beloved, we are persuaded better things of you, and things that accompany salvation, though we thus speak. Which word he also used in writing to the Galatians: But I am persuaded of you in the Lord, that ye will be none otherwise minded. For in that instance, inasmuch as they were greatly to be condemned and he could not praise them from things present, he does it from things future (that ye will be none otherwise minded, he says): he said not, ye are, but ye will be none otherwise minded. But in this place he encourages them from things present. We are persuaded better things of you, beloved, and things that belong to salvation, though we thus speak. And since he was not able to say so much [as he would] from things present, he confirms his consolation from things past; and says,
ver. 10. For God is not unrighteous to forget your work, and the love, which ye have shewed towards His name, in that ye have ministered unto the saints and do minister. O how did he here recover their spirit, and give them fresh strength, by reminding them of former things, and bringing them to the necessity of not anticipating that God had forgotten [them]. (For he cannot but sin who is not fully assured concerning his hope, and says that God is unrighteous. Accordingly he obliged them by all means to look forward to those future things. For a man who has become desponding owing to the present state of things, and has given up exerting himself, may be restored by [the prospect of] things future.) As he himself also said in writing to the Galatians, Ye did run well: And again Have ye suffered so many things in vain? if it be yet in vain.
And as in this place he puts the commendation together with the reproof, saying, When for the time ye ought to be teachers, so also there, I marvel that ye are so soon removed. The commendation [is mingled] with reproof. For it is respecting great things that we marvel, when they fail. Thou seest that praise is concealed under the accusation and the blame.
Nor does he say this concerning himself only, but also concerning all. For he said not, I am persuaded, but we are persuaded better things of you, even good things (he means). He says this either in regard to matters of conduct, or to the recompense.
In the next place, having said above, that it is rejected and nigh unto a curse, and that it shall be for burning, he says, we do not by any means say this of you. For God is not unrighteous to forget your work, and your love.
[5.] With what object then did we say these things? (ver. 11, 12) But we desire that each of you shew the same zeal for the full assurance of hope unto the end, that ye be not slothful, but followers of them who through faith and patience inherit the promises.
We desire, he says, and we do not therefore merely labour for, or even so far as words go, wish this. But what? We desire that ye should hold fast to virtue, not as condemning your former conduct (he means), but fearing for the future. And again he did not say, ‘not as condemning your former conduct, but your present; for ye have fainted, ye are become too indolent;’ but see how gently he indicated it, and yet at the same time did not wound them.
For what saith he? But we desire that each of you shew forth the same zeal unto the end. For this is the admirable part of Paul’s wisdom, that he does not expressly say that they had given in, that they had become negligent. For when he says, We desire that each of you—it is as if one should say, I wish thee to be always in earnest; and such as thou wert before such to be now also, and for the time to come. For this made his reproof more gentle and easy to be received.
And he did not say, “I will that,” which would have been expressive of the authority of a teacher, but what is expressive of the affection of a father, and what is more than “willing,” we desire. All but saying, Pardon us, even if we say what is somewhat distasteful.
We desire that each of you shew forth the same zeal, for the full assurance of your hope unto the end. Hope (he means) carries us through: it recovers us again. Be not wearied out, do not despair, lest your hope should be in vain. For he that worketh that which is good hopeth also that which is good, and never at any time despairs of himself.
That ye may not become dull. Still that ye may not become; and yet he said above, seeing ye are become dull of hearing. Observe however how he limited the dullness to the hearing. And in this place he insinuates the very same thing; instead of “that ye may not continue in it,” he says [this]. But again he leads it on into that future time for which as yet they had no account to render; saying in effect “that ye may not become too slothful:” since for that which is not yet come we could not be subject to account. For he who in regard to the present time is exhorted to be in earnest, as being remiss, will perhaps become even more slothful, but he who is exhorted with reference to the future, not so.
We desire (saith he) that each of you. Great is his affection for them: he cares equally for great and small; moreover he knows all, and overlooks no one, but displays the same tender care for each, and equal value for all: from which cause also he the rather persuaded them to receive what was distasteful in his words.
That ye be not slothful, he saith. For just as inactivity is hurtful to the body, so also inactivity as to what is good renders the soul more supine and feeble.
[6.] But followers (he saith) of them, who through faith and patience inherit the promises. And who they are, he says afterwards. He said therefore, “Imitate your own former well-doings.” Then, lest they should say, What [well-doing]? he leads them back to the Patriarch: bringing before them examples of well-doing indeed from their own history, but of the thought of being forsaken, from the Patriarch; that they might not suppose that they were disregarded and forsaken as being of no account, but might know that this is [the portion] of the very noblest men to make the journey of life through temptations; and that God has thus dealt with great and admirable men.
Now we ought (he says) to bear all things with patience: for this also is believing: whereas if He say that He gives and thou immediately receivest, how hast thou also believed? since in that case this no longer [comes] of thy faith, but of Me, He says, who have given [what I promise at once]. But if on the other hand I say that I give, and give after an hundred years, and thou hast not despaired; then hast thou accounted Me worthy to be believed, then thou hast the right opinion concerning Me. Thou seest that oftentimes unbelief arises not from want of hope only, but also from faintheartedness, and want of patience, not from condemning him who made the promise.
For God (he saith) is not unrighteous to forget your love and the zeal which ye have shewed toward His Name, in that ye have ministered unto the saints, and yet do minister. He testifies great things of them, not deeds only, but deeds done with alacrity, which he says also in another place, and not only so, but they gave themselves also to the Lord and to us.
Which (he saith) ye have shewed toward His Name, in that ye have ministered to the saints, and yet do minister. See how again he soothes them, by adding and yet do minister. Still even at this time (he says) ye are ministering, and he raises them up by shewing that they had done [what they did] not to them [the saints], but to God. Which ye have shewed (saith he); and he said not “unto the saints,” but towards God, for this is toward His Name. It is for His Name’s sake (he means) that ye have done all. He therefore who willingly takes from you the fruit of so great zeal and love, will not at any time despise you nor forget you.
[7.] Hearing these things, let us, I beseech you, minister to the saints. For every believer is a saint in that he is a believer. Though he be a person living in the world, he is a saint. For (he saith) the unbelieving husband hath been sanctified by the wife, and the unbelieving wife by the husband. See how the faith makes the saintship. If then we see even a secular person in misfortune, let us stretch out a hand [to him]. Let us not be good to those only who dwell in the mountains; they are indeed saints both in life and in faith; these others however are saints by their faith, and many of them also in life. Let us not, if we see a monk [cast] into prison, in that case go in; but if it be a secular person, refuse to go in. This last is also a saint and a brother.
What then (you say) if he be unclean and polluted [are we to help him]? Listen to Christ saying, Judge not that ye be not judged. Do thou act for GOD’S sake. Nay what am I saying? Even if we see a heathen in misfortune, we ought to shew kindness to him, and to every man without exception who is in misfortunes, and much more to a believer who is in the world. Listen to Paul, saying, Do good unto all men, but especially to those who are of the household of faith.
But I know not whence this [notion] has been introduced, or whence this custom hath prevailed. For he that only seeks after the solitaries, and is willing to do good to them alone, and with regard to the others on the contrary is over-curious in his enquiries, and says, ‘unless he be worthy, unless he be righteous, unless he work miracles, I stretch out no hand:’ [such an one] has taken away the greater part of charity, yea and in time he will in turn utterly destroy the very thing itself. And yet that is charity which [is shewn] towards sinners, towards the guilty. For this is charity, not the pitying those who have done well, but those who have done wrong.
[8.] And that thou mayest understand this, listen to the Parable: A certain man (it saith) went down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and fell among thieves: and when they had beaten him, they left him by the way-side, having bruised him exceedingly. A certain Levite came, and when he saw him, he passed by; A priest came, and when he saw him, he hastened past; then a certain Samaritan came, and great was the care he bestowed upon him. For he bound up his wounds, dropped oil on them, set him upon his ass, brought him to the inn, said to the host Take care of him (and observe his great liberality); and I, says he, will give thee whatsoever thou shalt expend. Who then is his neighbour? He, it is said, that shewed mercy on him. Go thou then also, He saith, and do likewise. And consider what a parable He spake. He said not that a Jew did [so and so] to a Samaritan, but that a Samaritan displayed all that liberality. Having then heard these things, let us not have care only for those that are of the household of faith, and neglect the rest. In this way then thyself also, if thou see any man in affliction, be not curious to enquire further. His being in affliction involves a just claim on thy aid. For if when thou seest an ass choking thou raisest him up, and dost not curiously enquire whose he is, much more about a man one ought not to be over-curious in enquiring whose he is. He is God’s, be he heathen or be he Jew; since even if he is an unbeliever, still he needs assistance. For if indeed it had been committed to thee to enquire and to judge, thou wouldst have well said thus, but, as it is, his misfortune does not suffer thee to search out these things. For if even about men in good health it is not right to be over-curious, nor to be a busy body in other men’s matters, much less about those that are in affliction.
[9.] But on another view what [shall we say]? Didst thou see him in prosperity, in high esteem, that thou shouldst say that he is a wicked and worthless person? But if thou seest him in affliction, do not say that he is wicked. For when a man is in high credit, we fairly say these things; but when he is in calamity, and needs help, it is not right to say that he is wicked. For this is cruelty, inhumanity and arrogance. Tell me what was ever more iniquitous than the Jews. But nevertheless while God punished them, and that justly, yea, very justly, yet He approved of those who compassionated them, and those who rejoiced over them He punished. For they were not grieved, it is said, at the affliction of Joseph.
And again it is said Redeem [Ransom] those who are ready to be slain: spare not. (He said not, enquire curiously, and learn who he is; and yet, for the most part, they who are led away to execution are wicked,) for this is in a special way a charity. For he that doeth good to a friend, doeth it not altogether for God’s sake: but he that [doeth good] to one who is unknown to him, this man acts purely for God’s sake. Do not spare thy money, even if it be necessary to spend all, yet give.
But we, when we see persons in extreme distress, bewailing themselves, suffering things more grievous than ten thousand deaths, and oftentimes unjustly, we [I say] are sparing of our money, and unsparing of our brethren; we are careful of lifeless things, and neglect the living soul. And yet Paul says, in meekness instruct those that oppose themselves, if peradventure God should give them repentance to the acknowledging of the truth, and they should awaken out of the snare of the devil who have been taken captive by him, at His will. If peradventure, saith he; thou seest of how great long-suffering the word is full.
Let us also imitate Him, and despair of no one. For the fishermen too, when they have cast many times [suppose it], have not succeeded; but afterwards having cast again, have gained all. So we also expect that ye will all at once shew to us ripe fruit. For the husbandm too, na after he has sown, waits one day or two days, and is a long while in expectation: and all at once he sees the fruits springing up on every side. This we expect will take place in your case also by the grace and mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ, with whom to the Father and also to the Holy Ghost be glory might honour now and for ever and world without end. Amen.