and the Formation of Spiritual and Corporeal
NOTES TO PAGES 90 — 95
(Tubingen: J. C. B. Mohr/Paul Siebeck, 1910; reprint, Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1964), 62of.
59. See D. Martin Luthers Wer\e, Kritische Gesammtausgabe, vol. 9 (Wei mar: Bohlau, 1893; reprint, 1966), 43: "Et videtur Magister non penitus absurdissime loqui." On Luther's reception of the Lombardian teaching on charity, see Paul Vignaux, Luther commentateur des Sentences (livre I, distinc tion XVII), Etudes de philosophie medievale 21 (Paris: Vrin, 1935).
60. Sentences 1, dist. 22, chap. 1, no. 1 (p. 178).
61. The treatise on the divine names, with an appendix of related ques tions, occupies dist. 22—34.
62. See ibid., dist. 23, chap. 1, no. 1 (p. 181).
63. See ibid., chap. 1, no. 3, and chap. 2, no. 1 (pp. 181 f.).
64. See ibid., dist. 24 (pp. 187—89).
65. See ibid., dist. 26, chap. 2, no. 1 (p. 197).
66. Ibid., no. 2 (p. 198).
67. Ibid., dist. 33, chap. 1 (pp. 240—43).
68. Ibid., chap. 2, no. 1 (p. 244).
69. See ibid., dist. 30, chap. 1 (pp. 220—22).
70. Ibid., dist. 22, no. 3 (p. 179).
71. See ibid., chap. 4 (p. 179).
72. See ibid., dist. 22, chap. 1, no. 1 (p. 178).
5. THE SENTENCES, BOOK Ii: ON THE CREATION OF THINGS,
AND THE FORMATION OF SPIRITUAL AND CORPOREAL ENTITIES,
AND MANY OTHER MATTERS PERTAINING TO THESE
1. For the statistics, see Jacqueline Hamesse, Thesaurus Librorum Sententiarum Petri Lombardi, series A, Formae, Corpus Christianorum, Thesaurus
Patrum Latinorum (Turnhout: Brepols, 1991), microfiche 13.
2. Sentences 2, preface (p. 329).
3. Ibid., dist. 1, chap. 2 (p. 330). A good account of Peter Lombard's doctrine on creation is to be found in Ermenegildo Bertola, "La dottrina della creazione nel Liber Sententiarum di Pier Lombardo," Pier Lombardo 1, no. 1 (1957): 27-44.
4. Sentences 2, dist. 1, chap. 1, no. 2 (p. 330).
5. Ibid., chap. 3, nos. 4-5 (p. 331).
6. Ibid., chap. 4, no. 4 (p. 332).
7. Ibid., no. 6 (p. 333).
8. Ibid., no. 7 (p. 333).
9. See ibid., chap. 6, no. 6 (pp. 335f.).
NOTES TO PAGES 95-IO3
10. Ibid., no. 2 (p. 334).
11. Ibid., chap. 6, no. 3 (p. 334).
12. Rob van der Hart, O.R, The Theology of Angels and Devils, Theology Today 36 (Notre Dame, Ind.: Fides, 1972), 913. See ibid., 24.
14. Ibid., 17. For an approach to the contemporary interest in angelology from a somewhat different, Thomistic perspective, see Howard P. Kainz,
"Active and Passive Potency" in Thomistic Angelology (The Hague: Nijhoff, 1972), 1-27.
15. Useful background on the medieval understanding of angels is pro vided by David Keck, Angels and Angelology in the Middle Ages (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998). On the development of the theology of angels between c. 1130 and c. 1230, one may consult Marcia L.
Colish, "Early Scholastic Angelology," Recherches de theologie ancienne et medievale 62 (1995): 80—109.
16. Sentences 2, dist. 2, chap. 1, no. 1 (p. 336). Ermenegildo Bertola pro vides an overview of Peter Lombard's angelology with particular emphasis on its sources; see "II problema delle creature angeliche in Pier Lombardo,"
Pier Lombardo 1, no. 2 (1957): 33-54.
17. Sentences 2, dist. 2, chap. 4, no. 2 (p. 339).
18. Ibid., dist. 3, chap. 4, no. 10 (p.347).
19. Ibid., chap. 3 (p. 343).
20. Ibid., chap. 4, no. 7 (p. 345).
21. Ibid., dist. 5, chap. 1 (p.351).
22. See ibid., dist. 5, chap. 4 (pp. 352f.). On the function of grace in the angelic realm according to Peter Lombard, one may read the excellent ac count in Johann Schupp, Die Gnadenlehre des Petrus Lombardus, Freiburger theologische Studien 35 (Freiburg, Germany: Herder, 1932), 45-56 (esp. 49—
52).
23. Sentences 2, dist. 8, chap. 2, no. 5 (p. 368).
24. See ibid., chap. 4, no. 1 (p. 369): "daemones, sive corporei sivi incorporei sint."
25. Ibid., dist. 9, chap. 2, no. 2 (p. 371).
26. Ibid.
27. The reflections in this paragraph are inspired by theses that Michel Foucault developed in two of his works, namely, Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason, trans. R. Howard (New York: Vintage
Books, 1988), and Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, trans. A.
Sheridan (New York: Vintage Books, 1995).
28. See Colish, Peter Lombard, 303—36.
29. Sentences 2, dist. 12, chap. 2 (pp. 384f.).
NOTES TO PAGES IO4-II2
30. Ibid., chap. 5, no. 4 (p. 388).
31. The four steps are summarized ibid., chap. 6 (pp. 388f.). Another reference to the hidden seeds occurs in dist. 7, chap. 8, no. 2 (p. 363).
32. Ibid., dist. 14, chap. 6 (p. 397).
33. Ibid., dist. 15, chap. 6, nos. 1—2 (p. 403).
34. Ibid., chap. 5, no. 2 (p. 402).
35. Ibid., dist. 16, chap. 3, no. 5 (p. 408).
36. See ibid., chap. 4, no. 1 (p. 409). For a more detailed treatment of the issue of image and likeness in Peter Lombard, see Philipp W. Rosemann,
Omne agens agit sibi simile: A "Repetition" of Scholastic Metaphysics, Louvain Philosophical Studies 12 (Louvain: Leuven University Press, 1996), chap. 5.
37. See Sentences 2, dist. 17, chap. 2, no. 4 (p.412). According to Colish, Peter admits "that he cannot resolve the question of whether there was a time lag between the creation of Adam's body and the creation of his soul"
(Peter Lombard, 367), but the text just cited is unambiguous on this point.
38. Sentences 2, dist. 17, chap. 3 (pp. 4i2f.).
39. Ibid., dist. 18, chap. 2 (p.417).
40. See ibid., dist. 24, chap. 8 (p. 455).
41. Ibid., dist. 19, chap. 1, no. 3 (p. 422).
42. Ibid., dist. 20, chap. 1, no. 3 (p. 428).
43. Ibid., chap. 4, no. 4 (p. 430).
44. See ibid., dist. 19, chap. 1, no. 1 (p. 421).
45. Ibid., dist. 21, chap. 1, no. 1 (p. 433).
46. See ibid., chap. 2 (pp. 433047. Ibid., dist. 21, chap. 7, no. 1 (p. 437).
48. Ibid., dist. 22, chap. 3, no. 2 (p. 441).
49. Ibid., chap. 4, no. 1 (p. 442).
50. See ibid., chap. 2 (p.441).
51. Ibid., dist. 24, chap. 7 (p.455).
52. Marcia Colish interprets this passage as implying that the Lombard meant to "impute greater guilt to Adam" (Peter Lombard, 380), thus going back on his earlier opinion according to which Eve was more culpable for the transgression that occurred in original sin. While this interpretation con stitutes a legitimate inference, there is no indication that Peter Lombard made such a connection between the historical and the allegorical levels of the Genesis account.
53. Sentences 2, dist. 24, chap. 1, no. 2 (pp. 45°f-).
54. Ibid., chap. 3, no. 1 (p. 453).
55. Ibid., dist. 25, chap. 7, no. 1 (p. 465).
56. See Schupp, Die Gnadenlehre, 64.
57. See Sentences 2, dist. 29, chap. 1, no. 2 (p. 492).