Theological Vision
NOTES TO PAGES 49 — 56 227
Longere, CEuvres oratoires de maitres parisiens au XIP siecle: Etude historique et doctrinale [Paris: Etudes augustiniennes, 1975], 1:295).
52. On this point, see Sentences 4, dist. 24, chap. 10, no. 2 (p. 402): "Nam sicut lectoribus vetus Testamentum, ita diaconibus novum praedicare praeceptum est."
53. C. F. R. de Hamel, Glossed Books of the Bible and the Origins of the Paris Booktrade (Woodbridge, Suffolk: Brewer, 1984), 9.
54. See ibid., esp. 14—27 (chap. 2).
55. Ibid., 17.
56. Ibid., 20.
57. Ibid., 23.
3. THE BOOK OF SENTENCES'. STRUCTURE, METHOD,
AND THEOLOGICAL VISION
1. See Brady, Prolegomena, 122*—29*, together with Artur Landgraf, "Notes de critique textuelle sur les Sentences de Pierre Lombard," Recherches de theologie ancienne et medievale 2 (1930): 80—99.
2. Much controversy surrounds this manuscript. Unlike previous editors of the Sentences, Father Brady considered the date 1158 in MS. 900 to refer to the time when Peter Lombard completed the work, not when Michael of Ireland copied it (see Prolegomena, I30*f.). Interesting in this context is
Brady's article "The Three Editions of the 'Liber Sententiarum' of Master Peter Lombard (1882-1977)," Archivum franciscanum historicum 70 (1977):
400—11. Patricia Stirnemann's arguments, however, have turned the scales again in favor of the interpretation that regards MS. 900 as dating from 1158; see Patricia Stirnemann, "Histoire tripartite: Un inventaire des livres de
Pierre Lombard, un exemplaire de ses Sentences et le destinataire du Psautier de Copenhague," in Du copiste au collectionneur: Melanges d'histoire des textes et des bibliotheques en I'honneur d'Andre Vernet, ed. Donatella Nebbiai-Dalla
Guarda and Jean-Franpois Genest, Bibliologia 18 (Turnhout: Brepols, 1998), 3CH-33, esp. 307-13.
3. See Brady, Prolegomena, ii8*-22*, as well as Jacques-Guy Bougerol, "The Church Fathers and the Sentences of Peter Lombard," in The Reception of the Church Fathers in the West: From the Carolingians to the Maurists, ed.
Irena Backus (Leiden/New York/Cologne: Brill, 1997), 113-644. On the Lombard's use of Augustine, see Ferdinand Cavallera, "Saint
Augustin et le Eivre des Sentences de Pierre Lombard, Archives de philosophic 7, no. 2 (1930): 186-99 = [438H451]; and Bougerol, "The Church Fathers,"
JI5—335. See N. Wicki, "Das Prognosticon futun saeculi Julians von Toledo als
NOTES TO PAGES 56 — 62
Quellenwerk der Sentenzen des Petrus Lombardus," Divus Thomas (Fri bourg) 31 (1953): 349-60.
6. The Summa sententiarum has been identified as a work by Master Otto of Lucca; see Ferruccio Gastaldelli, "La Summa sententiarum di Ottone da Lucca: Conclusione di un dibattito secolare," Salesianum 42 (1980): 537467. See Joseph de Ghellinck, S.J., "Pierre Lombard," Dictionnaire de theologie catholique XII/2 (1935): 1941-2019, esp. 1985-87.
8. Ibid., 1985.
9. On this subject, see A. J. Minnis, Medieval Theory of Authorship: Scho lastic Literary Attitudes in the Later Middle Ages, 2d ed. (1984; reprint, Aidershot, Hamps.: Wildwood House, 1988).
10. Colish, Peter Lombard, 86.
11. See Philippe Delhaye, "L'organisation scolaire au XII' siecle," Traditio 5 (1947): 211-68, esp. 217-23.
12. Interestingly, the preface to the Boo\ of Sentences contains an extended reflection on the connection between will and reason, and a warning against tendencies to bend doctrine to the whims of an undisciplined will: "Quorum professio est magis placita quam docenda conquirere, nec docenda desiderare, sed desideratis doctrinam coaptare" {Sentences, preface, no. 3, p. 4). One won ders whom Peter had in mind when writing these words.
13. Sentences 1, dist. 1, chap. 1, no. 1 (p. 55). In his edition, Brady uses bold characters to indicate rubrics—text written in red in order to help the reader find his way through the argument, to indicate the sources of quo tations, etc. These rubrics often appear within the columns of text, but some of them are marginal, in which case an asterisk (*) is added.
14. See Augustine, De doctrina Christiana, ed. and trans. R. P. H. Green, Oxford Early Christian Texts (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995), bk. 3, nos.
29-32, pp.145-47.
15. Sentences 1, dist. 1. chap. 1, no. 9 (p. 60).
16. Ibid., chap. 3, no. 10 (pp. 6of.).
17. This is a quotation from De doctrina Christiana, bk. 1, no. 84, p. 48.
18. Sentences 1, dist. 1, chap. 3, no. 11 (p. 61).
19. De doctrina Christiana, bk. 1, nos. 23—24 (pp. 22f.).
20. Sentences 4, p. 231.
21. On this point, see the remarks in de Ghellinck, "Pierre Lombard,"
1980—82; and Carl Andresen et ah, Die Lehrentwichlung im Rahmen der Katholizitat, Handbuch der Dogmenund Theologiegeschichte 1 (Gottingen:
Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1982), 595. Colish, Peter Lombard, does not address this issue.
22. Sentences 3, prol. (p. 23).
NOTES TO PAGES 63-67
23. See M.-D. Chenu, O.P., La theologie comme science au XIII' siecle, 3d ed., Bibliotheque thomiste 33 (Paris: Vrin, 1969).
24. Sentences, preface, nos. 4 and 5 (p. 4).
25. Ibid. 1, dist. 2, chap. 3 (p. 63). Also see ibid., dist. 4, chap. 1, no. 2
(p. 78).
26. Ibid., dist. 9, chap. 3, no. 2 (p. 105).
27. Ibid., dist. 43, no. 1 (p. 298).
28. Ibid., dist. 44, chap. 1, no. 2 (p. 304).
29. Ibid. 3, dist. 22, chap. 1, no. 3 (p. 136).
30. Ibid. 1, dist. 32, chap. 1, no, 2 (p. 233).
31. Ibid., chap. 6, no. 2 (p.239).
32. Colish, Peter Lombard, 149.
33. Sentences, preface, no. 5 (p. 4).
34. Ibid. 1, dist. 2, chap. 5, no. 1 (p. 67).
35. Ibid., dist. 4, chap. 2, no. 4 (p. 80).
36. Ibid., dist. 19, chap. 1 (p. 159).
37. Ibid. 2, dist. 2, chap. 1, no. 1 (p. 336). In such divisiones textus (to use the term of later commentators on the Sentences) Henri Cloes has rightly seen an important element of theological systematization; see "La systema tisation theologique pendant la premiere moitie du XIIC siecle," Ephemerides theologicae lovanienses 34 (1958): 277—329, at 325—27.
38. See Ignatius Brady, O.F.M., "The Distinctions of Lombard's Boo\ of Sentences and Alexander of Hales," Franciscan Studies 25 (1965): 90-116.
39. In Brady's edition, the chapters are subdivided into numbered para graphs.
40. See Brady, Prolegomena, i38*-4i*, as well as Ignatius Brady, O.F.M., "The Rubrics of Peter Lombard's Sentences," Pier Lombardo 6 (1962): 5—25.
On the conventions used to transcribe rubrics in Brady's edition, see n. 13 above.
41. See Peter Abailard, Sic et Non: A Critical Edition, ed. Blanche B. Boyer and Richard McKeon (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press,
1976-1977), 89-104. For a recent discussion of Abelard's rules for reconciling authorities, see Cornelia Rizek-Pfister, "Die hermeneutischen Prinzipien in Abaelards Sic et non," Freiburger Zeitschrift fur Philosophic und Theologie 47
(2000): 484—501.
42. Sentences 1, dist. 5, chap. 1 (pp. 80-87). For a similar methodological analysis of distinction 46, see Stanley J. Curtis, "Peter Lombard: A Pioneer in Educational Method," in Miscellanea lombardiana, 265-73.
43. Peter Lombard misidentifies this quotation, which is to be found in Augustine's own treatise De fide et symbolo. The Lombard must have derived the quotation from a secondary source.