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Contents
Contents
Contents Preface 1. The Summa Contra Gentiles and Its Context 1.1 Aquinas’s Life 1.2 Aquinas’s Writings 1.3 When and Why Did Aquinas Write the Summa Contra Gentiles? 1.4 Aquinas Explains Himself 2. Approaching the Question of God’s Existence (SCG 1,10–12) 2.1 Kinds of Natural Theology (SCG 1,10–11) 2.2 Faith versus Demonstration (SCG 1,12) 2.3 Comments on the Above 3. Arguing for God’s Existence (SCG 1,13) 3.1 Argument One 3.2 Argument Two 3.3 Three More Arguments 3.4 What Has Aquinas Achieved in the Natural Theology Offered in SCG 1,13? 4. God as Eternal and Simple (SCG 1,14–27) 4.1 Divine Eternity (SCG 1,15) 4.2 God as Lacking Passive Potency and Matter (SCG 1,16 and 17) 4.3 God as Noncomposite (SCG 1,18) 4.4 God as Simple (SCG 1,20–27) 4.5 Comments on Aquinas on Divine Simplicity 5. Talking about God (SCG 1,28–36) 5.1 The General Picture 5.2 SCG 1,28–36: Details 5.3 How to Assess SCG 1,28–36? 6. Goodness, Oneness, and Infinity (SCG 1,37–43) 6.1 Why Is It True That God Is Good? (SCG 1,37) 6.2 Is God Goodness Itself? (SCG 1,38) 6.3 Is there Evil in God? (SCG 1,39) 6.4 God as the Good of Every Good and as the Highest Good (SCG 1,40–41) 6.5 Oneness and Infinity (SCG 1,42–43) 6.6 A Note on Aquinas’s “God Is Good” and “There Is No Evil in God” 6.7 Moving On 7. God’s Knowledge (SCG 1, 44–71) 7.1 Aquinas on Knowledge 7.2 Aquinas on God’s Knowledge (SCG 1, 44–71) 7.3 Thinking about SCG 1,44–71 8. God’s Will, Life, and Blessedness (SCG 1,72–102) 8.1 Aquinas on Will 8.2 Aquinas on Life 8.3 Aquinas on Blessedness 8.4 Aquinas on Will in God (SCG 1,72–96) 8.5 Aquinas on God’s Life (SCG 1,97–99) 8.6 God’s Blessedness (SCG 1,100–102) 8.7 Some Comments on SCG 1,72–102 8.8 Moving on to SCG 2 9. God as Omnipotent Creator (SCG 2,1–29) 9.1 The Bringing Forth of Things into Being (SCG 2,6) 9.2 Power in God (SCG 2,7–10) 9.3 God and Relations (SCG 2,11–14) 9.4 God as Creator (SCG 2,15–21) 9.5 Creation “from Nothing” (SCG 2,16) 9.6 Creation Is Not aMotion or aChange (SCG 2,17–19) 9.7 What Can Create? (SCG 2,20–21) 9.8 God as Omnipotent (SCG 2,22–29) 9.9 Some Comments on SCG 2,1–29 10. Necessity in Creatures, the Eternity of the World, and Distinctions among Creatures (SCG 2,30–45) 10.1 Can There Be Created Yet Necessary Things? (SCG 2,30) 10.2 Must Creatures Always Have Existed? (SCG 2,31–38) 10.3 Proving That the World Is Not Eternal (SCG 2,38) 10.4 Distinction among Creatures (SCG 2,39–45) 10.5 Some Comments on SCG 2,30–45 11. Intellectual Creatures (SCG 2,46–101) 11.1 Why Intellectual Creatures? (SCG 2,46) 11.2 What Can Be Said of Intellectual Substances in General? (SCG 2,47–55) 11.3 Soul and Body in People (SCG 2,56–90) 11.4 Created Intellects That Are Not United to Bodies (SCG 2,91–101) 11.5 Reflecting on SCG 2,46–101 11.6 Moving On 12. Agents, Ends, Evil, and Good (SCG 3,1–15) 12.1 Agents and Ends (SCG 3,2–3) 12.2 Evil (SCG 3,4–15) 12.3 Some Comments on SCG 3,1–15 13. The End of All Things and of People in Particular (SCG 3,16–63) 13.1 Creatures Aiming at God (SCG 3,16–25) 13.2 Ultimate Felicity for Humans (SCG 3,26–63) 13.3 The Value of SCG 3,16–63 14. Providence at Work (SCG 3,64–110) 14.1 God as Acting in All Things (SCG 3,65–70) 14.2 What Divine Providence Does Not Exclude (SCG 3,71–74) 14.3 Providence and Singulars (SCG 3,75–76) 14.4 Providence and Secondary Causes (SCG 3,77–83) 14.5 Providence and Prayer (SCG 3,95–96) 14.6 Miracles (SCG 3,98–102) 14.7 Magic and Demons (SCG 3,104–110) 14.8 Is Aquinas Right about Divine Providence? 15. Providence in Relation to Rational Creatures (SCG 3,111–163) 15.1 Rational Creatures and Providence (SCG 3,111–113) 15.2 People and Laws: The General Picture (SCG 3,114–116) 15.3 Love of Neighbor, Right Faith, Worship of God, Marriage, Sex, Food, and Nature (SCG 3,117–129) 15.4 Divine Counsels (SCG 3,130–138) 15.5 Rewards and Punishments (SCG 3,142–146) 15.6 Grace (SCG 3,147–163) 15.7 Some Reflections on SCG 3,111–163 16. Father, Son, and Holy Spirit (SCG 4,2–26) 16.1 Aquinas’s General Approach to the Trinity in SCG 4,2–26 16.2 SCG 4,2–26: Some Details 16.3 Is Aquinas Right on the Trinity? 17. God Incarnate (SCG 4,27–49) 17.1 The Incarnation and Heresy (SCG 4,28–39) 17.2 Reasoning Concerning the Incarnation (SCG 4,40–49) 17.3 Some Comments on SCG 4,27–49 18. The Fittingness of the Incarnation, the Sacraments, the Resurrection, and the Final State of People and of the World 18.1 The Suitability of the Incarnation (SCG 4,50–55) 18.2 Sacraments (SCG 4,56–78) 18.3 Resurrection, the Life to Come, and the End of the World (SCG 4,79–97) 18.4 Some Comments on SCG 4,79–97 Appendix: SCG at a Glance Preface Chapter 1. The Summa Contra Gentiles and Its Context Chapter 2. Approaching the Question of God’s Existence (SCG 1,10–12) Chapter 3. Arguing for God’s Existence (SCG 1,13) Chapter 4. God as Eternal and Simple (SCG 1,14–27) Chapter 5. Talking about God (SCG 1,28–36) Chapter 6. Goodness, Oneness, and Infinity (SCG 1,37–43) Chapter 7. God’s Knowledge (SCG 1,44–71) Chapter 8. God’s Will, Life, and Blessedness (SCG 1,72–102) Chapter 9. God as Omnipotent Creator (SCG 2,1–29) Chapter 10. Necessity in Creatures, the Eternity of the World, and Distinctions among Creatures (SCG 2,30–45) Chapter 11. Intellectual Creatures (SCG 2,46–101) Chapter 12. Agents, Ends, Evil, and Good (SCG 3,1–15) Chapter 13. The End of All Things and of People in Particular (SCG 3,16–63) Chapter 14. Providence at Work (SCG 3,64–110) Chapter 15. Providence in Relation to Rational Creatures (SCG 3,111–163) Chapter 16. Father, Son, and Holy Spirit (SCG 4,2–26) Chapter 17. God Incarnate (SCG 4,27–49) Chapter 18. The Fittingness of the Incarnation, the Sacraments, the Resurrection, and the Final State of People and of t Bibliography Index
Bookmarks
Preface
PREFACE
1. For a famous work displaying the structure of the Summa Theologiae, see the analysis to be found in the Cursus Theologiae of John of St. Thomas (1589–1644). This is available in English in John of St. Thomas, Introduction to the “Summa Theologiae ,” translated and edited by Ralph McInerny (South Bend, IN: St. Augustine’s Press, 2004).
2.
Saint Thomas Aquinas: “Summa Contra Gentiles ” (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1975). Volume 1 is translated by Anton C. Pegis. Volume 2 is translated by James F. Anderson. Volumes 3 and 4 are translated by Vernon J. Bourke. Volume 5 is translated by Charles J. O’Neil. The Notre Dame volumes are reprints of a text originally published by Hanover House (Garden City, NY) in 1955 under the title On the Truth of the Catholic Faith . The whole of this translation, with Latin-English facing text, is available for free online at http://dhspriory.org/thomas/ContraGentiles.htm . Note, however, that this online version lacks page numbers and contains many typographical errors absent in the text published by Notre Dame.
3. In 1924 an English edition of the Summa Contra Gentiles was published by the fathers of the English Dominican Province (London: Burnes Oates and Washbourne, 1924). This translation is now out of print, but it can be found online at http://www.saintwiki.com/index.php?title=Summa_Contra_Gentiles.
4. The Notre Dame edition of the SCG splits book 3 into two volumes, which I abbreviate as ND, 3/1 and ND, 3/2.
5. If you are able to read Latin, you should consult the Leonine Commission’s version of the Summa Contra Gentiles (Rome, 1918–1930). This is a critical edition of the text, though some learned corrections to it have been provided by René-Antoine Gauthier in his Somme Contre Les Gentils (Paris: Editions Universitaires, 1993). For a Latin edition of the SCG online, see http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/.
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