Chapter 26
373 | Text and Translation Chapter 26 Whether this is the fullness of joy that the lord promises My lord and my God, my hope and the joy of my heart, tell my soul if this is the joy that you express to us through your Son: Ask and ye shall receive, so that your joy may be full.
For I have found a joy that is full, and more than full. For when, with a full heart, a full mind, and a full soul, the whole man is full of that joy, joy beyond measure remains. Therefore, not all of that joy shall enter into those who rejoice, but those who rejoice shall enter wholly into that joy.
Speak, O lord, tell your servant in his inner heart if this is the joy into which your servants will enter, who enter into the joy of their lord. But surely that joy, in which your elected ones will rejoice, no eye has seen, nor ear has heard, nor has it arisen in the heart of man.
I have not yet said or thought, then, how much, O lord, those blessed ones will rejoice. No doubt, they will rejoice as much as they will love and will love as much as they will know. How much will they know of you then, O lord, and how much will they love you?
Surely, no eye has seen, nor ear has heard, nor has it arisen in the heart of man in this life how much they will know and love you in that life.
I pray, O God, that I may know you and love you, so that I may rejoice in you.
And if I cannot fully in this life, at least let me advance, day by day, until that fullness comes.
Let the knowledge of you increase in me here, and there come to fullness.
Let love for you grow and there be fulfilled, so that here my joy may be great in hope, and there in the fullness of reality.
Lord, you have commanded, indeed, counseled, that we call upon you, through your Son, and you promise that we shall receive, so that our joy may be full.
I PROSLOGION
Peto, Domine, quod consulis per admirabilem consiliaIs 9:6 rium nostrum; accipiam, quod promittis per veritatem tuam, ut gaudium meum plenum sit.
Deus verax, peto accipiam, dn 16:24 ut gaudium meum plenum sit.
Meditetur ^ interim inde mens mea, loquatur inde lingua mea.
Amet illud cor meum, sermonicetur os meum.
Esuriat illud anima mea, ibid. sitiat caro mea, desideret tota substantia mea; donec intrem in gaudium Domini mei, qui est trinus et
Mt 25:21
Rom 1:25 unus Deus benedictus in saecula. Amen.
375 | Text and Translation I ask, O lord, for what you counsel through our wonderful counselor.
May I receive what you promise through your truth, so that my joy may be full.
God of truth, I beseech you: may I receive, so that my joy may be full.
Until then, let my mind meditate on it, let my tongue speak it, let my heart love it, let my mouth preach it, let my soul hunger for it, let my flesh thirst for it, let my whole substance desire it, until that time when I enter into the joy of my lord, who art God, three in one, blessed for all ages. Amen.
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Ulrich, Ferdinand. "Cur non video praesentem? Zur Implikation der 'griechischen' und 'lateinischen' Denkform bei Anselm und Scotus
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Vitali, Theodore R. "The Ontological Argument: Model for Neoclassical Metaphysics." The Modern Schoolman 57 (1980): 121-35.
Vuillemin, Jules. Le Dieu d'Anselme et les apparences de la raison. Paris:
Aubier Montaigne, 1971.
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53: 279-99.
Waldenfels, Hans. Absolute Nothingness. New York: Paulist Press, 1980.
Wainwright, William J. "On an Alleged Incoherence in Anselm's Argument: A Reply to Robert Richman." Ratio 20 (1978): 147-48.
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Welch, A. C. Anselm and His Work. New York: Scribner and Sons, 1901.
Wells, Norman J. ^The Language of Possibility—Another Reading of Anselm."
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Paris: Bloud et Gay, 1932.
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—. "Ontological Argument and How and Why Some Speak of God."
Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 22 (1961): 206-15. n
IL ONSOD-EasX Absolute, 88, 297; difference, 81, Cognitive: experience, 8, 191, 199; 83; value, 35 Adams, Robert, 303n. 13
Afterlife, 273 Allocutionary act, 278, 307n. 38
Anselm: life and works of, 3; transcendence, 74, 190. See also Elevation of the mind Colish, Marcia, 304n. 18
Comparison: in P 2, 256—57, 260 Conception, 43-44, 47, 51, 237n. historic nature of his thought, 4-5 Anxiety, 285 Aquinas, 1, 5, 231n. 22, 242 Aristotle, 2, 6 Augustine, 1, 25, 27, 94n. 12, 199, 56. See also Likeness Conceptual compulsion, 153 Confession: of a rational mystic, 2105213»22312265274 Constructive definition of God, 294 Conversion, 30; of faith to reason, 276-77; of the meaning of being, 59, 79, 91; of the void, 193 Converted image of creatures, 86, 244, 301n. 5, 307n. 38
Barnes, Jonathan, 232n. 22, 233n.
Conviction-producing, 1977-98, 226, 37, 302n. 8
Barth, Karl, 231n. 16
Being: degrees of, 33-34, 129, 170— 249, 261, 267 Cosmological: argument, 95n. 24; 71; itself, 33, 40, 81, 286; manner of, 170—71; question of, 285; standard of, 39; supreme, 31, 33 Benedict, 96n. 24, 96n. 25, 239n. strategy, 92, 118 Creation: from nothing, 41—42; nature of, 59-60 Creator: difference of, from crea-
Berlinger, Rudolf, 232n. 24
Blindness, 105, 224 Body: glorified, 211, 239n. 64; tures, 76, 87; relation of, to creatures, 64-65, 73, 170-71; thought of, 42, 59 resurrected, 211 Boethius, 307n. 38
Bonaventure, 17n. 9
Built-in criterion, 125 Deconstructive approach, 10-11 Deferral: of vision, 218, 227, 272,
Defocal vision, 223—24, 239n. 69,
Derrida, Jacques, 304n. 22, 305n.
Campbell, Richard, 231n. 17, 233n.
32, 233n. 377, 234n. 45, 234n. 49, 302n. 8, 302n. 9, 304n. 19, 304n.
21, 307n. 38
Can be thought not to exist, 148—
Destruction of text, 11. See also Phenomenological destruction Dicker, Georges, 303n. 16
Difference: absolute, 81, 83; 50, 155, 161—63 Cannot be thought not to exist, between creator and creature, 136, 148—51, 161-63, 190, 215, 259, 261, 267 Cannot not exist, 135 Caputo, John, 308n. 42
Categorical: distinctiveness of God, 76, 79-81; categorical, 30; disappearing, 79-82; model of, 307n. 34; ontological, 79, 81, 95n. 24
Dilation: of the eye of the mind, 85, 75-76; reversal, 74 96n. 25, 224, 239n. 69
| 387
388 ID INDEX
Eadmer of Canterbury, 17n. 1
Ecstatic clarity, 9, 195 Elevation of the mind, 24, 64, 71, God: categorical distinctiveness of, 75-76; constructive definition of, 294; essence of, 114; existence of, 113, 151-53, 161, 174; experience of, 108, 210, 273; historical revelation of, 112, 242, 298-99; identification of, 166, 168, 173, 183, 187, 234n.
49, 237n. 55; image of, 283, 287-88, 293; immensity of, 220; inaccessibility of, 215-17, 221; incomprehensibility of, 215-17, 221, 227; inconceivability of, 218, 221, 308n. 39; invisibility of, 216, 222, 273; nonexistence of, 153; omnipresence of, 65—66, 95n. 20; ontological peculiarity of, 259; psychological determination of, 191; rational reconstruction of, 23, 274, 276; signs of, 105—6; simplicity of, 68-69; time-spacelessness of, 63—76; uncircumscribability of, 220; unity of, 213, 215; universal essence of, 181—83; vision of, 9, 98, 104, 188, 194—96, 200, 209, 219, 224—25, 265-67, 296; word of, 54. See also Creator Gombocz, Wolfgang, 304n.18
Good: absolute, 36; highest, 25, 33; '4—15, 84, 102-4, 107, 192, 194—97 Emptying of the mind, 193 Epistemology: visionary, 62, 245 Essence: of God, 114; universal, 43, 45-46, 80 Evans, Gillian, 231n. 8, 301n. 1, 304n. 18
Everywhere and always wholly, 65—72, 151, 222-24, 262-63 Existence: factual vs. conceptual, 141—47, 250—52; necessary, 132; relevance of, to concept of something, 140—45, 153, 255; through itself, 32, 38—40, 206 Existence in reality, 125, 127, 130—31, 232n. 30; two types of, 149, 155 Existence in the understanding, 122-25, 130—31, 303n. 16
Existence in the understanding alone, 127-31 Existence of God: arguments for, 113; asserting, 174; distinguishing feature of, 151—53,
Experience: of God, 108, 210, 273; of nothing, 285, 289 Expression: of the mind or reason, per se, 29; relative, 34; supreme, 27, 30; two types of, 35 Gorgias, 306n. 34
Grammatical claims, 251, 270 Greater: to exist than not to exist, 43-44, 55, 57; of the things themselves, 50; in the heart,
129-31, 136; than can be thought, 215, 218, 259 Greatness: conceivable, 254; Faith: relation of, to reason, 11112, 201-3, 274-75, 298; seeking understanding, 98 Fall, 102 Fasting, 99 Feuer, Lewis, 237n. 57, 307n. 35
Filling the void, 193 Focus, 220 Foresight, 227 Forman, Robert, 307n. 35 standard of, 33; supreme, 33 Gregory the Great, 96n. 24, 96n.
25, 239n. 69
Hartshorne, Charles, 233n. 31, 233n. 35, 234n. 43
Hegel, G. W. F., 95n. 24, 281 Heidegger, Martin, 270, 272, 273, 285, 304n. 19, 304n. 20, 306n.
30, 306n. 31, 306n. 34, 309n. 45
Henry, D. P., 17n. 8, 231n. 16, Galgan, Gerald, 238n. 58
Gaunilo, 117, 1383-35, 231n. 21, 232n. 25
Gellrich, Jesse, 94n. 6
Glorified body, 211, 239n. 64
234n. 46, 234n. 47, 238n. 57, 303n. 14, 303n. 15
389 | INDEX
Language, 23; nature of, 44, 61; Hermeneutical approach, 10 Hick, John, 17n. 9
Historical revelation of God, 112, philosophy of, 50, 270, 292, 304n. 22
Language-games, 302n. 8, 304n. 21
Leclercq, Jean, 17n. 7, 94n. 8
Leftow, Brian, 95n. 20, 302n. 8
Likeness, 45, 49-52, 54; perfect, 242, 298-99 Hopkins, Jasper, 94n. 11, 95n. 16, 234n. 44, 234n. 48, 235n. 50, 236n. 55, 238n. 61
Husserl, Edmund, 304n. 22
53, 55, 95n. 17. See also Image Logical: approach, 10; compulsion,
Losoncy, Thomas, 306n. 29
Lyotard, Jean-Francois, 305n. 27
Iconographic revelation, 295 Identification of God, 166, 168, 173, 183, 187, 234n. 49, 237n.
Idol: vs. icon, 308n. 41
Idolizing of the incomprehensible, McGill, Arthur, 304n. 19
Malcolm, Norman, 233n. 31, 234n.
43, 237n. 56
Marion, Jean-Luc, 238n. 58, 306n.
297-98 Illumination: of manuscripts, 22; of 29, 308n. 41
Matthews, G. B., 237n. 56
Metanarrative, 247, 305n. 27
Modal argument, 135-37, 251, 253, the mind, 22, 105, 199-201, 226 Image: constructed, 293; formation of, 49, 244, 282; historical, 297; linguistic, 293, 295; of God, 283, 287-88, 293; original, 298-99; production of, 284; rational, 56— 57, 63; theographic, 299. See also Conception Imagination, 44, 47-48 Immensity of God, 220 Inaccessible light, 104, 221, 223,
Modern philosophy, 15, 280-81 Monastery, 1, 6 Monastic: mysticism, 4; rationality, 6; reading, 22—23, 94n. 8
Monasticism, 1, 97 Monologion: date of, 3; form of, 21; relation of, to Proslogion, 18—19, 99—102, 113, 117—18, 154-56, 158—61, 164, 170, 172, 189—90, 227, 278, 301n. 1
Mood, 285, 291 Morris, Thomas, 309n. 46
Mystery, 298 Mysticism: 13, 97, 289—90, incipi225, 239n. 68
Inaccessibility of God, 215-17, 221 Incomprehensibility of God, 21517, 221, 227 Inconceivability: of God, 218, 221, 308n. 39; of God's nonexistence,
Intuition, 45; intellectual, 213, ent, 230; monastic, 4; rational, 9, 12-13, 97, 243, 245, 282, 296, 305n. 29
301n. 3
Invisibility of God, 216, 222, 273 Joy, 98, 195, 211, 228, 273, 279, Naming the holy, 297, 302n. 9, 305n. 23
Judgment: absolute, 36; standard 308n. 42
Negative: names, 122-23; ontology, of, 28 84, 87, 262, 274; theology, 84,
Nicholas of Cusa, 236n. 50
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 306n. 34
Nihilation, 285-86 Nominal conception, 121 Nothing, 41; creation from, 41-43; Katz, Steven, 307n. 35
Knowles, David, 17n. 1
Kohlenberger, Helmut, 94n. 15
Kolping, Adolf, 232n. 27
LaCroix, Richard, 234n. 44
Lanfranc, 305n. 25 experience of, 285, 289; thinking, 267, 270, 274, 285
lINDEX 19, 99-102, 113, 117-18, 154— 56, 158—61, 164, 170, 172, 189— 90, 227, 278, 301n. 1; relation of P 2 to P 3, 156—57, 163-67, 172— 73, 258—59; rhetorical form of,
Psychodynamic of the thought of Objectification, 225 Omnipresence of God, 65—66, 95n.
Ontical atheism, 288 Ontologic, 281, 286, 307n. 34
Ontological: ambiguity, 175—76; annulment of creatures, 190; conversion, 79; difference, 33, 79, 95n. 24, 190, 272, 286; disappearance of beings, 79—82, God, 191, 219, 245 Psycholinguistic, 249, 296 Psychologic, 284, 290 Psychological: compulsion, 188, 190, 193; oversight, 192, 194; peculiarity of God, 259; psychosis, 275—706; reversal, 77—78; supremacy, 206, 232n. 30
Ontological argument: Gaunilo's 259, 281, 295; determination of God, 191; strategy, 173 PNG Quaestio, 2 version of, 133-34, 253; ground of, 204, 281, 288; location of, Rational: contemplation, 5, 9, 112; 156; logical evaluation of, 250— 60; monastic roots of, 5; mystical aspect of, 198, 287-88; ontological element of, 174; original version of, 31; phenomenological element of, 188, 273; phenomenological evaluation of, 266; prototype of, 92, 155; psychological aspect of, 237n.
57, 275; retrieval of, 285, 287, 291; rhetorical ground of, 273; semiological element of, 295; strategy of, 135—40, 262-65; traditional criticism of, 140-47 Ontotheology, 208, 248, 270, 272— ecstasy, 196, 282; icon, 283; idol, 284; image, 56—57, 63; intuition, 180, 183; meditation, 2, 13, 21, 23; mysticism, 9, 12-13, 97, 243, 245, 282, 296, 305n. 29; reconstruction of God, 23, 274, 276; theology, 13, 98, 111-12, 202, 228, 230, 242, 284; understanding, 44, 49—50, 94n. 16, 179; vision, 24, 44, 184, 246 Rationality: linguistic, 60; monastic, 6; scholastic, 4, 6, 14
Reading: for revelations, 22-23; monastic, 22—23, 94n. 8; sacred, 20.23
Reality: and thought, 57. See also
Existence in reality Reason: defense of, 202, 274; exPacht, Otto, 94n. 8
Parmenides, 281 Phenomenological destruction, 8— pressive power of, 44; foundation of, 5, 2777, 280, 281; legitimation of, 13, 274, 276, 280; model of, 291; nature of, 43, 49— 50; poetic element of, 244, 283; theological basis of, 281; transition in the nature of, 6. See also Thinking Reductio ad absurdum, 127 9, 10, 189, 248 Philosophical theology, 3, 203, 244, 280, 299-301 Philosophy: in performance, 16 Pike, Nelson, 307n. 35
Plato, 3, 26 Prayer: relation of, to proof, 97, 111-12, 227, 247, 273, 280 Preontological difference, 82, 286 Pretextual experience, 22, 102, 290 Proper (proprie), 72—73, 74, 89-90 Proslogion: date of, 3; form of, 10, Resnick, Irv, 239n. 64
Resurrection of the body, 211 Revelation: of the word, 23; reading for, 22-23 Reversal: of the meaning of being, 19, 114; origin of, 98-102; relation of, to Monologion, 18— 31, 76, 81; strategic, 30
3931l INDEX human, 43-45, 61-63; connection of, to reality, 57; experience of, 184; linguistic model of, 291; narrowness of, 220; nature of, 45, 178, 221; nothing, 267, 270, 274, 285; revelatory structure of, 22; two different ways of, Rowe, William, 233n. 36, 233n. 41, 302n. 11, 303n. 16
Saying in the heart, 174, 178, 180,
Schmitt, F. S., 94n. 10, 231n. 9
Scholasticism, 1, 5, 97: Anselm as 178-79; visionary element of, 13. See also Reason Thought: grammatical transformafather of, 1, 15, 243; birth of, 5
Scripture: suspension of, 21, 24—25 Second Coming, 109, 241, 245, 299 Self-clarifying expression, 125 Semiological: starting point, 268, tion of, 186 Time-spacelessness of God, 63—76 Transhistorical insight, 249 True being, 49, 58, 80, 161-62, 164 Truth: cause of, 57-59; determina293-95; strategy, 118—19 Semiotic element of language, 291 Seneca, 307n. 38
Senses of the soul, 210-11 Shaffer, Jerome, 233n. 38, 302n. 7
Signs, 23: of God, 105—6; theory of, 44, tion of, 186—88; effect of, 60; light of, 22, 217; model of, 55; of being, 47, 53—56; of the word, 60; standard of, 28, 52, 56—57; supreme, 58 50-51, 61, 271—72, 282, 291-92 Simplicity of God, 68-69 Single argument, 99, 101 Skidmore, Arthur, 302n. 10
Sokolowski, Robert, 238n. 61
Sola ratione, 21, 23, 175, 275-77 Something, 122-23 Something than which nothing Uncircumscribability of God, 220 Understanding: development of, 183-84, 187; rational, 44, 49— 50, 94n. 16, 179; really, 185; two senses of, 121 Understudy, 16-17, 299 Unity of God, 218, 215 Universal essence, 43, 45—46, 80; of greater can be thought, 115-19, 124-26, 232n. 25, 254, 265, 267, 293-94, 308n. 44
Southern, R. W., 17n. 1, 94n. 7, God, 181-83 Universals, 26 University, 1, 2, 6, 14 305n. 25
Space and time, 70—73 Staging: of the argument, 119; of Value: absolute, 35; judgments of, the text, 16, 25 Stock, Brian, 17n. 1, 94n. 5
Stolz, Anselm, 17n. 1, 231n. 10, 37; relative, 35 Vere esse, 234n. 48, 235n. 50. See also True being Via negativa, 84, 305n. 29
Vision: face-to-face, 108—9; from 234n. 48, 235n. 50
Strasser, Stephan, 305n. 23
Strategy: of conversion, 82; of the afar, 109-10; inner, 23, 43-44, 50, 60; metaphors of, 219-20; of God, 9, 98, 104, 188, 194-96, 200, 209, 219, 224-25, 265-67, 296; of nothing, 271; of the void,
Visionary: element of thinking, 13; Monologion, 63—64, 73 Supreme: being, 31, 33, 171, 272; good, 27, 30 That which is greater than everything, 117 Theography, 297 Theological: narrative, 280; texts, 22 Vuillemin, Jules, 304n. 17, 308n. scenario, 227, 273-74 Theology, rational, 13, 98, 111-12,
202, 228, 230, 242, 284 Thinking: active power of, 51-52; Ward, Benedicta, 94n. 7, 231n. 9, 234n. 48 analogy between divine and
392] INDEX
Warnach, Victor, 304n. 18
Word: birth of, 51, 53; of God, 54; of Wilmart, A., 234n. 48 the thing, 44; primal, 44; Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 270, 304n. revelation of, 23. See also Signs 21, 305n. 22
Writing: relation of, to orality, 93n. 5
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