Abbreviations
Abbreviations
Ancient Sources
Note: Works are normally listed under their traditional authors for the sake of locating them, not to take a position regarding authorship claims.
General
Bk.
Book
chap(s).
chapter(s)
col(s).
column(s)
DSS
Dead Sea Scrolls
Ep.
Epistles
ext.
external
frg(s).
fragment(s)
intro.
introduction
inv.
inventory number
LCL
Loeb Classical Library
LXX
Septuagint
MS(S)
manuscript(s)
MT
Masoretic Text
NT
New Testament
Or.
Orations
OT
Old Testament
pref.
preface
Q
Quelle (hypothetical common source for Matthew and Luke)
rec.
recension
Sup.
Supplement(s)
v./vv.
verse/verses
Old Testament
Genesis
Exod.
Exodus
Lev.
Leviticus
Num.
Numbers
Deut.
Deuteronomy
Josh.
Joshua
Judg.
Judges
Ruth
Ruth
1–2 Sam.
1–2 Samuel
1–2 Kings
1–2 Kings
1–2 Chron.
1–2 Chronicles
Ezra
Ezra
Neh.
Nehemiah
Esther
Esther
Job
Job
Ps(s).
Psalm(s)
Prov.
Proverbs
Eccles.
Ecclesiastes
Song
Song of Songs/Song of Solomon
Isa.
Isaiah
Jer.
Jeremiah
Lam.
Lamentations
Ezek.
Ezekiel
Dan.
Daniel
Hosea
Hosea
Joel
Joel
Amos
Amos
Obad.
Obadiah
Jon.
Jonah
Mic.
Micah
Nah.
Nahum
Hab.
Habakkuk
Zeph.
Zephaniah
Hag.
Haggai
Zech.
Zechariah
Mal.
Malachi
New Testament
Matt.
Matthew
Mark
Mark
Luke
Luke
John
John
Acts
Acts
Rom.
Romans
1–2 Cor.
1–2 Corinthians
Gal.
Galatians
Eph.
Ephesians
Phil.
Philippians
Col.
Colossians
1–2 Thess.
1–2 Thessalonians
1–2 Tim.
1–2 Timothy
Titus
Titus
Philem.
Philemon
Heb.
Hebrews
James
James
1–2 Pet.
1–2 Peter
1–3 John
1–3 John
Jude
Jude
Rev.
Revelation
Old Testament Apocrypha
Bar.
Baruch
1–2 Esd.
1–2 Esdras
Jdt.
Judith
1–4 Macc.
1–4 Maccabees
Pr. Man.
Prayer of Manasseh
Sir.
Sirach/Ecclesiasticus
Sus.
Susanna
Tob.
Tobit
Wis.
Wisdom of Solomon
Old Testament Pseudepigrapha
The
Apocrypha
and
Pseudepigrapha
of
the
Old
Testament
OTP
The
Old
Testament
Pseudepigrapha
Ahiq.
Ahiqar
Apoc.
Ab.
Apocalypse
of
Abraham
Apoc.
Elij.
Apocalypse
of
Elijah
Apoc.
Ezek.
Apocryphon
of
Ezekiel
Apoc.
Mos.
Apocalypse
of
Moses
Apoc.
Zeph.
Apocalypse
of
Zephaniah
Asc. Isa.
Ascension of Isaiah
2–4
Bar
.
2–4
Baruch
1–3
En
.
1–3
Enoch
2
En
.
4
Ezra
4
Ezra
Jos.
Asen.
Joseph
and
Aseneth
1
Jub.
Jubilees
L.
A.
B.
Biblical
Antiquities
L.
A.
E.
Life
of
Adam
and
Eve
Let.
Aris.
Letter
of
Aristeas
Odes
Sol.
Odes
of
Solomon
Pr.
Jos.
Prayer
of
Joseph
Ps.-Phoc.
Pseudo-Phocylides
Pss.
Sol.
Psalms
of
Solomon
Sib.
Or.
Sibylline
Oracles
T.
Testament
of
Ab.
Abraham
Adam
Adam
Ash.
Asher
Benj.
Benjamin
Dan
Dan
Gad
Gad
Iss.
Issachar
Job
Job
2
Jos.
Joseph
Jud.
Judah
Levi
Levi
Mos.
Moses
Naph.
Naphtali
Reub.
Reuben
Sim.
Simeon
Sol.
Solomon
Zeb.
Zebulun
Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Texts
a
Hodayot
Thanksgiving
Hymns
1QM
Mil
ḥ
amah
War
Scroll
1QpHab
Pesher
Habakkuk
1QS
Serek
Haya
ḥ
ad
Rule
of
the
Community
Manual
of
Discipline
1QSa
Rule
of
the
Congregation
1QSb
Rule
of
the
Blessings
a
Psalms
Scroll
a
11QT
Temple
Scroll
CD
Damascus
Document
Josephus and Philo
Josephus
Ag.
Ap.
Against
Apion
Ant.
Antiquities
of
the
Jews
Life
Life
War
Jewish
War
Philo
Abr.
On
Abraham
Agr.
On
Husbandry/
Agriculture
Alleg.
Interp.
Allegorical
Interpretation (
1–3
)
Cher.
On
the
Cherubim
Conf.
On
the
Confusion
of
Languages
Contempl.
On
the
Contemplative
Life
Creation
On
the
Creation
Decal.
The
Decalogue
Dreams
On
Dreams,
That
They
Are
God-
Sent (
1–2
)
Drunkenness
On
Drunkenness
Embassy
Embassy
to
Gaius
Eternity
On
the
Eternity
of
the
World
Flacc.
Flaccus
Flight
On
Flight
and
Finding
Giants
On
the
Giants
Good
Person
Every
Good
Person
Is
Free
Heir
Who
Is
the
Heir
of
Divine
Things
Hypoth.
Hypothetica
Jos.
Joseph
Migr.
The
Migration
of
Abraham
Mos.
Life
of
Moses (
1–2
)
Names
On
the
Change
of
Names
Plant.
Concerning
Noah’
s
Work
as
a
Planter
Posterity
On
the
Posterity
of
Cain
and
His
Exile
Prelim.
St.
Preliminary
Studies
QE
Questions
and
Answers
on
Exodus (
1–2
)
QG
Questions
and
Answers
on
Genesis (
1–4
)
Rewards
On
Rewards
and
Punishments
Sacr.
On
the
Birth
of
Abel
and
the
Sacrifices
Offered
by
Him
and
His
Brother
Cain
Sober
On
the
Prayers
and
Curses
Uttered
by
Noah
When
He
Became
Sober
Spec.
Laws
Special
Laws (
1–4
)
Studies
On
Mating
with
the
Preliminary
Studies
Unchangeable
Unchangeableness
of
God
Virt.
On
Virtues
Worse
That
the
Worse
Is
Wont
to
Attack
the
Better
Targumic Texts
Tg.
Targum
Tg.
Jer.
Targum
Jeremiah
Tg.
Jon.
Targum
Jonathan
Tg.
Neof.
Targum
Neofiti
Tg.
Onq.
Targum
Onqelos
Tg.
Ps.-
Jon.
Targum
Pseudo-
Jonathan
Tg.
Qoh.
Targum
Qoheleth
Mishnah, Talmud, and Related Literature
The
Babylonian
Talmud.
b
Babylonian Talmud
bar.
baraita (with rabbinic text)
m
Mishnah
t
Tosefta
y.
Jerusalem (Yerushalmi, Palestinian) Talmud
Ab.
ʾ
Abot
Abod.
Zar.
ʿ
Abodah
Zarah
B.
Bat.
Baba
Batra
B.
Metsia
Baba
Me
ṣ
i
ʿ
a
B.
Qam.
Baba
Qamma
Bek.
Bekorot
Ber.
Berakot
Demai
Demai
Ed.
ʿ
Eduyyot
Erub.
ʿ
Erubin
Git.
Gi
ṭṭ
in
Hag.
Ḥ
agigah
Hal.
Ḥ
allah
Hor.
Horayot
Hul.
Ḥ
ullin
Ketub.
Ketubbot
Kip.
Kippurim
Maas.
Ma
ʿ
a
ś
erot
Meg.
Megillah
Moed
Qat.
Mo
ʿ
ed Qa
ṭ
an
Ned.
Nedarim
Nid.
Niddah
Peah
Pe
ʾ
ah
Pesah.
Pesa
ḥ
im
Qid.
Qiddušin
Rosh
Hash.
Roš
Haššanah
Sanh.
Sanhedrin
Shab.
Š
abbat
Sot.
So
ṭ
ah
Suk.
Sukkah
Taan.
Ta
ʿ
anit
Tamid
Tamid
Tem.
Temurah
Ter.
Terumot
Yebam.
Yebamot
Yoma
Yoma
Other Rabbinic Works
Abot
R.
Nat.
ʾ
Abot
de
Rabbi
Nathan
Der.
Er.
Rab.
Derek
Ere
ṣ
Rabbah
Deut.
Rab.
Deuteronomy
Rabbah
Eccl.
Rab.
Ecclesiastes (
Qoheleth)
Rabbah
Exod.
Rab.
Exodus
Rabbah
Gen.
Rab.
Genesis
Rabbah
Lam.
Rab.
Lamentations
Rabbah
Lev.
Rab.
Leviticus
Rabbah
Mek.
Mekilta
Bah.
Bahodesh
Pisha
Pisha
Shir.
Shirata
Midr.
Pss.
Midrash
on
Psalms (
Tehillim)
Num.
Rab.
Numbers
Rabbah
Pesiq.
Rab.
Pesiqta
Rabbati
Pesiq.
Rab
Kah.
Pesiqta
de
Rab
Kahana
Ruth
Rab.
Ruth
Rabbah
Sipra
A.
M.
ʾ
A
ḥ
arê
Mot
Behuq.
Behuqotai
par.
parashah
pq.
pereq
Qed.
Qedošim
Sh.
M.
d.
Shemini
Mekhilta
deMiluim
VDDeho.
Vayyiqra
Dibura
Dehobah
VDDen.
Vayyiqra
Dibura
Denedabah
Sipre
Deut.
Sipre
on
Deuteronomy
Sipre
Num.
Sipre
on
Numbers
Song
Rab.
Song
of
Solomon
Rabbah
Apostolic Fathers
Barn.
Epistle
of
Barnabas
1–2
Clem
.
1–2
Clement
Did.
Didache
Diogn.
Epistle
to
Diognetus
Herm.
Shepherd
of
Hermas
Ign.
Ignatius of Antioch
Magn.
Epistle
to
the
Magnesians
Phld.
Epistle
to
the
Philadelphians
Pol.
Epistle
to
Polycarp
Smyrn.
Epistle
to
the
Smyrnaeans
Trall.
Epistle
to
the
Trallians
Mart.
Pol.
Martyrdom
of
Polycarp
Phil
Letter
to
the
Philippians
Patristic and Other Early Christian Sources
Acts of John
Ambrose
Exc.
De excessu fratris sui Satyri / On the Death of His Brother Satyrus
Comm.
Commentary on Paul’s Epistles
Athanas.
Athanasius
Inc.
On the Incarnation
Athenag.
Athenagoras
Plea
A Plea for Christians
Aug.
Augustine
Ag.
Jul.
Against
Julian
Ag.
Pelag.
Against
Two
Letters
of
the
Pelagians
City
City
of
God
Contin.
Continence
Div.
Q.
Diverse
Questions
Ep.
Epistles
Guilt
On
Guilt
and
Remission
of
Sins
Marr.
On
Marriage
and
Concupiscence
Nat.
Grace
On
Nature
and
Grace
Prop.
Rom.
Propositions
from
the
Epistle
to
the
Romans
Retract.
Retractations
Simp.
To
Simplician
on
Various
Questions
Spir.
Lett.
On
the
Spirit
and
the
Letter
Basil
Basil
of
Caesarea (
the
Great)
Baptism
Concerning
Baptism
Rules
The
Long
Rules
Caesarius
Caesarius
of
Arles
Serm.
Sermons
Chrys.
John
Chrysostom
Hom.
Cor.
Homilies
on
the
First
and
Second
Epistles
of
Paul
to
the
Corinthians
Hom.
Gen.
Homilies
on
Genesis
Hom.
Rom.
Homilies
on
Romans
Clem.
Alex.
Clement
of
Alexandria
Instr.
Instructor
Strom.
Stromata
Cyril
Alex.
Cyril
of
Alexandria
Rom.
Explanation of the Letter to the Romans
Euseb.
Eusebius
H.
E.
Historia
ecclesiastica /
Ecclesiastical
History
P.E
.
Praeparatio
evangelica /
Preparation
for
the
Gospel
Hippol.
Hippolytus
Ref.
Refutation of Heresies
Iren.
Irenaeus
Her.
Against Heresies
Jerome
Hom.
Ps.
Homilies
on
the
Psalms
Ruf.
Against
Rufinus
Justin
Justin
Martyr
1
Apol
.
1
Apology
Dial.
Dialogue
with
Trypho
Mac. Magn.
Macarius Magnes
Apocrit.
Apocriticus
Origen
Cels.
Against
Celsus
Comm.
Rom.
Commentary
on
Romans
Princ.
On
First
Principles
Pelagius
Comm. Rom.
Commentary on Romans
Photius
Bibl.
Bibliotheca
Ps.-
Clem.
Pseudo-
Clementines
Ps.-
Const.
Pseudo-
Constantius
Rom.
The Holy Letter of St. Paul to the Romans
Sent.
Sext.
Sentences
of
Sextus
Tatian
Or. Gks.
Oration to the Greeks
Tert.
Tertullian
Apol.
Apologeticus /
Apology
Carn.
Chr.
De
carne
Christi /
The
Flesh
of
Christ
Spec.
De
spectaculis /
The
Shows
Theodoret
Theodoret
of
Cyrrhus
Comm.
1
Cor
.
Commentary
on
1
Corinthians
Comm.
2
Cor
.
Commentary
on
2
Corinthians
Interp.
Rom.
Interpretation
of
Romans
Theoph.
Theophilus
of
Antioch
To
Autolycus
Other Greek and Latin Works and Authors
.
Tat.
Achilles
Tatius
Leucippe
and
Clitophon
Ael.
Arist.
Aelius
Aristides
Def.
Or.
Defense
of
Oratory
Leuct.
Or.
Leuctrian
Orations
Aelian
Claudius Aelianus
Nat.
An.
Nature
of
Animals
Var.
hist.
Varia
historia
Aeschines
Embassy
False
Embassy
Tim.
Timarchus
Aeschylus
Ag.
Agamemnon
Lib.
Libation-
Bearers (
Choephori)
Prom.
Prometheus
Bound
Suppl.
Suppliant
Women
Alciph.
Alciphron
Farm.
Farmers
Paras.
Parasites
Anacharsis
[Pseudo]-Anacharsis
Ep.
Epistles
Aphth.
Aphthonius
Progymn.
Progymnasmata
Apollod.
Apollodorus
Bibl.
Bibliotheca /
Library
Epitome
Epitome
of
the
Library
Appian
C.
W.
Civil
Wars
R.
H.
Roman
History
Ap. Rhod.
Apollonius of Rhodes
Argonautica
Apul.
Apuleius
Apol.
Apology
De
deo
Socr.
De
deo
Socratis /
God
of
Socrates
Flor.
Florida
Metam.
Metamorphoses
Aristotle
E.
E.
Eudemian
Ethics
Heav.
On
the
Heavens
N.
E.
Nicomachean
Ethics
Poet.
Poetics
Pol.
Politics
Rhet.
Art
of
Rhetoric
Soul
On
the
Soul
V.
V.
Virtues
and
Vices
Aristob.
Aristobulus
Fragments
H.E.
Aristoph.
Aristophanes
Acharn.
Acharnians
Arius Did.
Arius Didymus
Epitome
of
Stoic
Ethics
Arrian
Alex.
Anabasis
of
Alexander
Ind.
Indica
Artem.
Artemidorus Daldianus
Oneir.
Oneirocritica
Athen.
Athenaeus
Deipn.
Deipnosophists
Aul. Gel.
Aulus Gellius
Attic Nights
Aur. Vict.
Aurelius Victor
Epit. Caes.
Epitome de Caesaribus
Babr.
Babrius
Fables
Caesar
Julius
Caesar
C.
W.
Civil
War
Gall.
W.
Gallic
War
Callim.
Callimachus
Epig.
Epigrammata
Poems
Minor
Poems
Cato
Dionysius
Cato
Coll. Dist.
Collection of Distichs
Catullus
Carmina
Char.
Chariton
Chaer.
Chaereas and Callirhoe
Cic.
Cicero
Ag.
Caec.
Against
Caecilius
Amic.
De
amicitia
Att.
Letters
to
Atticus
Brut.
Brutus,
or
De
claris
oratoribus
Cael.
Pro
Caelio
Cat.
In
Catilinam
De
or.
De
oratore
Div.
De
divinatione
Fam.
Epistulae
ad
familiares /
Letters
to
Friends
Fin.
De
finibus
Flacc.
Pro
Flacco
Font.
Pro
Fonteio
Inv.
De
inventione
Leg.
De
legibus
Marcell.
Pro
Marcello
Mil.
Pro
Milone
Mur.
Pro
Murena
Nat.
d.
De
natura
deorum
Off.
De
officiis
Opt.
gen.
De
optimo
genere
oratorum
Or.
Brut.
Orator
ad
M.
Brutum
Parad.
Paradoxa
Stoicorum
Phil.
Orationes
philippicae
Pis.
In
Pisonem
Prov.
cons.
De
provinciis
consularibus
Quinct.
Pro
Quinctio
Quint.
fratr.
Epistulae
ad
Quintum
fratrum
Rab.
Perd.
Pro
Rabirio
Perduellionis
Reo
Resp.
De
re
publica
Scaur.
Pro
Scauro
Senect.
De
senectute
Sest.
Pro
Sestio
Sull.
Pro
Sulla
Top.
Topica
Tull.
Pro
Tullio
Tusc.
Tusculan
Disputations
Vat.
In
Vatinium
Verr.
In
Verrem
Corn.
Nep.
Cornelius
Nepos
Generals
Crates
Pseudo-
Crates
Ep.
Epistles
Demet.
Demetrius
Phalereus
Style
On Style / De elocutione
Demosth.
Demosthenes
Aphob.
1–3
Against
Aphobus
Con.
Against
Conon
Embassy
On
the
False
Embassy
.
Epistulae /
Letters
Meidias
Against
Meidias
Dio Cass.
Dio Cassius
Roman History
Dio
Chrys.
Dio
Chrysostom
Or.
Orations
Diod.
Sic.
Diodorus
Siculus
Library of History
Diogenes
[
Pseudo-]
Diogenes
Ep.
Epistle
Diog.
Laert.
Diogenes
Laertius
Lives of Eminent Philosophers
Dion.
Hal.
Dionysius
of
Halicarnassus
2
Amm
.
2
Epistle
to
Ammaeus
Ant.
rom.
Antiquitates
romanae /
Roman
Antiquities
Demosth.
Demosthenes
Epict.
Epictetus
Diatr.
Diatribai /
Discourses
Encheir.
Encheiridion /
Handbook
Epicurus
Let. Men.
Letter to Menoeceus
Eunapius
Lives
Lives of the Philosophers and Sophists
Eurip.
Euripides
Aeol.
Aeolus
Andr.
Andromache
Bacch.
Bacchanals
Chrys.
Chrysippus
El.
Electra
Hec.
Hecuba
Hipp.
Hippolytus
Med.
Medea
Oed.
Oedipus
Oenom.
Oenomaus
Orest.
Orestes
Phoen.
Phoenician
Maidens
Firm.
Mat.
Firmicus
Maternus
Err. prof. rel.
De errore profanarum religionum
Fronto
Marcus
Cornelius
Fronto
Ad
Ant.
imp.
Ad
Antoninum
imperatorem
Ad
Ant.
Pium
Ad
Antoninum
Pium
Ad
M.
Caes.
Ad
Marcum
Caesarem
Ad
verum
imp.
Ad
verum
imperatorem
Eloq.
Eloquence
Ep.
graec.
Epistulae
graecae
Nep.
am.
De
nepote
amisso
Gaius
Inst.
Institutes
Galen
Grief
On
the
Avoidance
of
Grief
Hippoc.
et
Plat
.
Hippocrates
and
Plato
Gorg.
Gorgias
Hel.
Encomium of Helen
Gr.
Anth.
Greek
Anthology
Hdn.
Herodian
History
Hdt.
Herodotus
Histories
Heliod.
Heliodorus
Eth.
Ethiopian Story
Heracl.
Heraclitus
Hom. Prob.
Homeric Problems
Hermog.
Hermogenes
Inv.
Invention
Method
Method
in
Forceful
Speaking
Progymn.
Progymnasmata
Hesiod
Melamp.
Melampodia
W.
D.
Works
and
Days
Hierocles
Hierocles (
the
Stoic)
Ethics
Elements
of
Ethics
Gods
On
Duties:
How
to
Conduct
Oneself
toward
the
Gods
Love
On
Duties:
On
Fraternal
Love
Marr.
On
Duties:
On
Marriage
Hom.
Homer
Il.
Iliad
Od.
Odyssey
Hom.
Hymns
Homeric
Hymns
Hor.
Horace
Ep.
Epistles
Sat.
Satires
.
Iamblichus
of
Chalcis
Myst.
Mysteries
Pyth.
Life
On
the
Pythagorean
Life /
Life
of
Pythagoras
Soul
On
the
Soul
Iambl. (
nov.)
Iamblichus (
novelist)
Bab. St.
Babylonian Story
Isaeus
Menec.
Estate of Menecles
Isoc.
Isocrates
Ad
Nic.
Ad
Nicoclem /
To
Nicocles (
Or.
2
)
Antid.
Antidosis (
Or.
15
)
Demon.
To
Demonicus (
Or.
1
)
Nic.
Nicocles /
Cyprians (
Or.
3
)
Paneg.
Panegyricus (
Or.
4
)
Juv.
Juvenal
Sat.
Satires
Libanius
Anec.
Anecdote
Comp.
Comparison
Declam.
Declamations
Descr.
Description
Encom.
Encomium
Invect.
Invective
Narr.
Narration
Speech
Char.
Speech
in
Character
Topics
Common
Topics
Livy
Ab urbe condita
Longin.
Longinus
Subl.
On the Sublime
Longus
Daphnis and Chloe
Lucan
C.W.
Civil War
Lucian
Affairs
Affairs
of
the
Heart
Alex.
Alexander
the
False
Prophet
Astr.
Astrology
Book-
Coll.
The
Ignorant
Book-
Collector
Carousal
The
Carousal (
Symposium),
or
The
Lapiths
Charid.
Charidemus
Charon
Charon,
or
The
Inspectors
Cock
The
Dream,
or
The
Cock
Cynic
The
Cynic
Dance
The
Dance
Dem.
Demonax
Dial.
C.
Dialogues
of
Courtesans
Dial.
D.
Dialogues
of
the
Dead
Dial.
G.
Dialogues
of
the
Gods
Dial.
S-
G.
Dialogues
of
Sea-
Gods
Eunuch
The
Eunuch
Fisherman
The
Dead
Come
to
Life,
or
The
Fisherman
Fly
The
Fly
Hall
The
Hall
Hermot.
Hermotimus,
or
Sects
Icar.
Icaromenippus,
or
The
Sky-
Man
Indictment
Double
Indictment
Lover
of
Lies
The
Lover
of
Lies
Lucius
Lucius,
or
The
Ass
Nigr.
Nigrinus
Oct.
Octogenarians
Parl.
G.
Parliament
of
the
Gods
Patriot
The
Patriot
Peregr.
The
Passing
of
Peregrinus
Phil.
Sale
Philosophies
for
Sale
Portr.
Essays
in
Portraiture
Portr.
D.
Essays
in
Portraiture
Defended
Posts
Salaried
Posts
in
Great
Houses
Prof.
P.
S.
A
Professor
of
Public
Speaking
Prom.
Prometheus
Runaways
The
Runaways
Sacr.
Sacrifices
Tim.
Timon,
or
The
Misanthrope
Tox.
Toxaris,
or
Friendship
True
Story
A
True
Story
Z.
Cat.
Zeus
Catechized
Z.
Rants
Zeus
Rants
Lucret.
Lucretius
Nat.
De rerum natura
Lycophron
Lycophron
of
Chalcis
Alex.
Alexandra
Or.
Orationes
Macrob.
Macrobius
Comm.
Commentary on the Dream of Scipio
Marc.
Aur.
Marcus
Aurelius
Meditations
Mart.
Martial
Epig.
Epigrams
Max.
Tyre
Maximus
of
Tyre
Or.
Orationes
Men.
Rhet.
Menander
Rhetor (
of
Laodicea)
Treatises
Musaeus
Hero
Hero and Leander
Mus.
Ruf.
Musonius
Rufus
Nicolaus
Nicolaus
the
Sophist
Progymn.
Progymnasmata
Olympiodorus
In Gorg.
In Platonis Gorgiam Commentaria
Orph.
H.
Orphic
Hymns
Ovid
Am.
Amores
Fast.
Fasti
Her.
Heroides
Metam.
Metamorphoses
Parth.
Parthenius
L.R.
Love Romance
Paus.
Pausanias
Description of Greece
Perv.
Ven.
Pervigilium
Veneris
Petron.
Petronius
Sat.
Satyricon
Phaedrus
Fables
Philod.
Philodemus
Crit.
On
Frank
Criticism
Death
On
Death
Prop.
On
Property
Management
Philost.
Flavius
Philostratus (
the
Athenian)
Ep.
Epistulae /
Love
Letters
Ep.
Apoll.
Epistles
of
Apollonius
Hrk.
Heroikos
Vit.
Apoll.
Vita
Apollonii /
Life
of
Apollonius
Vit.
soph.
Vitae
sophistarum /
Lives
of
the
Sophists
Pindar
Ol.
Olympian
Odes
Paean.
Paeanes /
Hymns
Pyth.
Pythian
Odes
Thren.
Threnoi /
Dirges
Plato
Alcib.
Alcibiades (
1–2
)
Charm.
Charmides
Cratyl.
Cratylus
Ep.
Epistles
Gorg.
Gorgias
Hipp.
maj.
Hippias
major
Lov.
The
Lovers
Phaedr.
Phaedrus
Pol.
Politicus /
Statesman
Prot.
Protagoras
Rep.
Republic
Theaet.
Theaetetus
Tim.
Timaeus
Pliny
Pliny
the
Younger
Ep.
Epistles
Pliny
E.
Pliny
the
Elder
N.H.
Natural History
Plot.
Plotinus
Enn.
Enneads
Plut.
Plutarch
Aff.
Soul
Whether
the
Affections
of
the
Soul
Are
Worse
Than
Those
of
the
Body
Alex.
Alexander
Apoll.
Letter
of
Consolation
to
Apollonius
Borr.
On
Borrowing (
That
We
Ought
Not
to
Borrow)
Bride
Advice
to
Bride
and
Groom
Busybody
On
Being
a
Busybody
Caes.
Caesar
Cic.
Cicero
Cim.
Cimon
Comm.
Conc.
Against
the
Stoics
on
Common
Conceptions
Contr.
A.
On
the
Control
of
Anger
.
Coriolanus
Demosth.
Demosthenes
Dial.
L.
Dialogue
on
Love
Dinner
Dinner
of
Seven
Wise
Men
Div.
V.
Delays
of
Divine
Vengeance
E
Delph.
E
at
Delphi
Educ.
On
the
Education
of
Children
Exile
On
Exile
Face
M.
Face
on
the
Moon
Flatt.
How
to
Tell
a
Flatterer
from
a
Friend
Garr.
On
Garrulousness
Gen.
of
Soul
Generation
of
the
Soul
in
the “
Timaeus”
Isis
Isis
and
Osiris
L.
Wealth
Love
of
Wealth
Lect.
On
Lectures
Lyc.
Lycurgus
M.
Cato
Marcus
Cato
Mal.
Hdt.
Malice
of
Herodotus
Mor.
Moralia
Nic.
Nicias
Old
Men
Old
Men
in
Public
Affairs
Or.
Delphi
Oracles
at
Delphi
No
Longer
Given
in
Verse
Par.
St.
Greek
and
Roman
Parallel
Stories
Plac.
De
placita
philosophorum
Plat.
Q.
Platonic
Questions
Pleas.
L.
Epicurus
Actually
Makes
a
Pleasant
Life
Impossible
Poetry
How
the
Young
Man
Should
Study
Poetry
Pomp.
Pompey
Profit
by
How
to
Profit
by
One’
s
Enemies
Enemies
Progr.
Virt.
How
One
May
Become
Aware
of
One’
s
Progress
in
Virtue
R.
Col.
Reply
to
Colotes
Rom.
Q.
Roman
Questions
S.
Kings
Sayings
of
Kings
and
Commanders
S.
Rom.
Sayings
of
Romans
Stoic
Cont.
Stoic
Self-
Contradictions
Superst.
Superstition
Table
Table
Talk
Ten
Or.
Ten
Orators
Themist.
Themistocles
Uned.
R.
To
an
Uneducated
Ruler
Virt.
Virtue
and
Vice
Polyb.
Polybius
History of the Roman Republic
Porph.
Porphyry
Abst.
De
abstinentia
Marc.
To
Marcella
Plot.
Life
of
Plotinus
Proclus
Proclus
the
Successor
Poet.
On Poetics
Ps.-
Callisth.
Pseudo-
Callisthenes
Alex.
Alexander Romance
Ps.-
Ocellus
Pseudo-
Ocellus
Lucanus
Nat. Univ.
On the Nature of the Universe
Ps.-
Simpl.
Pseudo-
Simplicius
De an.
In de anima
Publ.
Syr.
Publilius
Syrus
Sentences
Pyth.
Sent.
Pythagorean
Sentences
Quint.
Quintilian
Decl.
Declamations
Inst.
Institutes
of
Oratory
Quint.
Curt.
Quintus
Curtius
Rufus
History of Alexander
Res
gest.
Res
gestae
divi
Augusti
Rhet.
Alex.
Rhetorica
ad
Alexandrum
Rhet.
Her.
Rhetorica
ad
Herennium
Sall.
Sallust
Catil.
War
with
Catiline
Ep.
Caes.
Epistulae
ad
Caesarem /
Letters
to
Caesar
Jug.
War
with
Jugurtha
Pomp.
Letter
of
Gnaeus
Pompeius
Sp.
Caes.
Speech
to
Caesar
Sen.
E.
Seneca
the
Elder
Controv.
Controversiae
Suas.
Suasoriae
Sen.
Y.
Seneca
the
Younger
Ben.
On
Benefits
Clem.
De
clementia
Dial.
Dialogues
Ep.
Lucil.
Epistles
to
Lucilius
Herc.
fur.
Hercules
furens
Hippol.
Hippolytus
Ira
De
ira
Med.
Medea
Nat.
Q.
Natural
Questions
Troj.
Trojan
Women
Vit.
beat.
De
vita
beata
Sext.
Emp.
Sextus
Empiricus
Eth.
Against
the
Ethicists
Pyr.
Outlines
of
Pyrrhonism
Sil.
It.
Silius
Italicus
Punica
Socratics
Ep.
Epistles
Soph.
Sophocles
Antig.
Antigone
Oed.
tyr.
Oedipus
the
King
Wom.
Tr.
Women
of
Trachis
Soranus
Gynec.
Gynecology
Statius
Silv.
Silvae
Stob.
Stobaeus
Anth.
Anthology
Strabo
Geography
Suet.
Suetonius
Aug.
Augustus
Calig.
Caligula
Claud.
Claudius
Tib.
Tiberius
Symm.
Quintus
Aurelius
Symmachus
Ep.
Epistles
Tac.
Tacitus
Ann.
Annals
Dial.
Dialogus
de
oratoribus
Germ.
Germania
Hist.
History
Terence
Andr.
Lady
of
Andros
Moth.
The
Mother-
in-
Law
Phorm.
Phormio
Theon
Aelius
Theon
Progymn.
Progymnasmata
Theophr.
Theophrastus
Char.
On Characters
Thucyd.
Thucydides
History of the Peloponnesian War
Tibullus
Elegies
Val.
Flacc.
Valerius
Flaccus
Argonautica
Val.
Max.
Valerius
Maximus
Memorable Deeds and Sayings
Varro
L.L.
On the Latin Language
Vell.
Paterc.
Velleius
Paterculus
Compendium of Roman History
Virg.
Virgil
Aen.
Aeneid
Ecl.
Eclogues
Vitruv.
Vitruvius
Arch.
On Architecture
Xen.
Xenophon
Apol.
Apologia
Socratis
Cyr.
Cyropaedia
Hell.
Hellenica
Lac.
Constitution
of
Lacedemonians
Mem.
Memorabilia
Oec.
Oeconomicus
Xen.
Eph.
Xenophon
of
Ephesus
Anthia
Anthia and Habrocomes
Other Ancient and Medieval Sources
ANET
Ancient
Near
Eastern
Texts
Relating
to
the
Old
Testament.
BGU
Aegyptische
Urkunden
aus
den
Königlichen
Staatlichen
Museen
zu
Berlin
, Griechische
Urkunden
.
Book
of
Dead
Book
of
the
Dead
Commentarii
in
Epistulam
ad
Romanos.
Anal
Analects
3
CSEL
Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum
Cyn.
Ep
The
Cynic
Epistles:
A
Study
Edition
ENPK
Ein
neuer
Paulustext
und
Kommentar.
GBP
The
Greek
Bucolic
Poets
Gnom.
Vat.
Gnomologium
Vaticanum
Incant. Text
Corpus
of
the
Aramaic
Incantation
Bowls.
PCR
Pelagius’
s
Commentary
on
Romans
PG
Patrologia Graeca [= Patrologiae Cursus Completus: Series Graeca]. Edited by J.-P. Migne. 162 vols. Paris, 1857–86.
PGK
Pauluskommentare
aus
der
griechischen
Kirche
PL
Patrologia Latina [= Patrologiae Cursus Completus: Series Latina]. Edited by J.-P. Migne. 217 vols. Paris, 1844–64.
Papyri, Inscriptions, and Fragment Collections
CIG
Corpus
Inscriptionum
Graecarum
CIJ
Corpus
Inscriptionum
Judaicarum
CIL
Corpus
Inscriptionum
Latinarum
Nauck
Tragicorum
graecorum
fragmenta.
OGIS
Orientis
Graeci
Inscriptiones
Selectae.
P.Duk.
Duke University papyrus collection
P.Fay.
Fayum
Towns
and
Their
Papyri.
P.Flor.
Papyri
greco-
egizii,
Papiri
Fiorentini.
P.Gen.
Les
Papyrus
de
Genève
P.Lille
Papyrus
Grecs
de
Lille
P.Mich.
Michigan Papyri. 19 vols. in 20. Ann Arbor, MI, 1931–99.
P.Oxy.
The
Oxyrhynchus
Papyri.
P.Stras.
Griechische
Papyrus
der
Kaiserlichen
Universitäts
-
und
Landes-
bibliothek
zu
Strassburg
PDM
Papyri
Demoticae
Magicae.
PGM
The
Greek
Magical
Papyri
in
Translation,
Including
the
Demotic
Spells.
PDM
Suppl.
PDM
Supplement
PGM
Papyri
Graecae
Magicae:
Die
griechischen
Zauberpapyri.
Priene
Die
Inschriften
von
Priene.
SP
Select
Papyri.
SVF
Stoicorum
Veterum
Fragmenta.
Modern Sources
General
BCE
Before the Common Era
ca.
circa
CE
Common Era
cf.
confer
ed(s).
edition(s), editor(s), edited by
e.g.
exempli
gratia
esp.
especially
ET
English translation
ff.
and following
i.e.
id
est
n(n).
note(s)
n.d.
no date
n.s.
new series
p(p).
page(s)
R.
Rabbi
rev.
revised
ser.
series
trans.
translator(s), translated by
vs.
versus
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CEB
Common English Bible
ESV
English Standard Version
GNT
Good News Translation
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King James Version
Message
The Message
NAB
New American Bible
NASB
New American Standard Bible
NCV
New Century Version
NEB
New English Bible
NET
New English Translation (NET Bible)
NIV
New International Version
NKJV
New King James Version
NLT
New Living Translation
NRSV
New Revised Standard Version
RSV
Revised Standard Version
Journals, Series, and Other Reference Works
AB
Anchor Bible
ABD
Anchor
Bible
Dictionary.
ABR
Australian
Biblical
Review
ABRL
Anchor Bible Reference Library
ACCS
Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture
AJA
American
Journal
of
Archaeology
AJAH
American
Journal
of
Ancient
History
AJP
American
Journal
of
Philology
ALGHJ
Arbeiten zur Literatur und Geschichte des hellenistichen Judentums
ALUOS
Annual
of
Leeds
University
Oriental
Society
AnBib
Analecta Biblica
ANRW
Aufstieg
und
Niedergang
der
römischen
Welt
: Geschichte
und
Kultur
Roms
im
Spiegel
der
neueren
Forschung
.
Principat
ANTC
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esegesi
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Asbury
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AT
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Blackwell Companions to Religion
BDAG
Greek-
English
Lexicon
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New
Testament
and
Other
Early
Christian
Literature
BECNT
Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament
BegChr
The
Beginnings
of
Christianity
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Acts
of
the
Apostles
BeO
Bibbia
e
Oriente
BHT
Beiträge zur historischen Theologie
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Bible
Bhashyam
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Bijdr
Bijdragen
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John
Rylands
University
Library of Manchester
BJS
Brown Judaic Studies
BK
Bibel
und
Kirche
BLE
Bulletin
de
Littérature
Ecclésiastique
BollS
Bollingen Series
BrillPauly
Brill’
s
New
Pauly:
Encyclopaedia
of
the
Ancient
World
BSac
Bibliotheca
Sacra
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Brazos Theological Commentary on the Bible
BTr
Bible
Translator
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Biblische
Zeitschrift
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Quarterly
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Classical
Bulletin
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Church
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CHSP
Center
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Protocol
CJ
Classical
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Coll
Collationes
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Classical
Philology
CQ
Classical
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Compendia Rerum Iudaicarum ad Novum Testamentum
CT
Christianity
Today
CTM
Concordia
Theological
Monthly
CurTM
Currents
in
Theology
and
Mission
CW
Classical
World
DBM
Deltion
Biblikon
Meleton
DBSJ
Detroit
Baptist
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DCDBCN
The Development of Christian Doctrine before the Council of Nicaea
DNTB
Dictionary
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Testament
Background
DSD
Dead
Sea
Discoveries
EHPR
Études d’Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses
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Études d’Histoire des Religions
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Encounter
EPROER
Études préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l’empire romain
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Esprit
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EstBib
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Lovanienses
ETR
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Théologiques
et
Religieuses
EvQ
Evangelical
Quarterly
ExpT
Expository
Times
FAT
Forschungen zum Alten Testament
FilNeot
Filología
Neotestamentaria
Foi
et
Vie
FreiRund
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Rundbrief
FZPhTh
Freiburger
Zeitschrift
für
Philosophie
und
Theologie
GR
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Rome
GRBS
Greek,
Roman,
and
Byzantine
Studies
Greg
Gregorianum
Hen
Henoch
Hermeneia
Hermeneia: A Critical and Historical Commentary on the Bible
Historia
Historia:
Zeitschrift
für
alte
Geschichte
HNTC
Harper’s New Testament Commentaries
Hok
Hokhma
HR
History
of
Religions
HSCP
Harvard
Studies
in
Classical
Philology
HTR
Harvard
Theological
Review
HTS
Harvard Theological Studies
HUCA
Hebrew
Union
College
Annual
HvTS
Hervormde
teologiese
studies
IBC
Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching
IBS
Irish
Biblical
Studies
ICC
International Critical Commentary
ICS
Illinois
Classical
Studies
Identity
Identity:
An
International
Journal
of
Theory
and
Research
Int
Interpretation
IsNumR
Israel
Numismatic
Research
ITS
Indian
Theological
Studies
IVPNTC
InterVarsity Press New Testament Commentary
JBL
Journal
of
Biblical
Literature
JBLMS
Journal of Biblical Literature Monograph Series
JBQ
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Bible
Quarterly
JDharm
Journal
of
Dharma
Jeev
Jeevadhara
JETS
Journal
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the
Evangelical
Theological
Society
JGRCJ
Journal
of
Greco-
Roman
Christianity
and
Judaism
JHI
Journal
of
the
History
of
Ideas
JHistPhil
Journal
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the
History
of
Philosophy
JHistSex
Journal
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the
History
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Journal
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Jian Dao Dissertation Series
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Journal
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Near
Eastern
Studies
JPFC
The
Jewish
People
in
the
First
Century:
Historical
Geography;
Political
History;
Social,
Cultural,
and
Religious
Life
and
Institutions
JPT
Journal
of
Pentecostal
Theology
JQR
Jewish
Quarterly
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Journal
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Religion
and
Health
JRS
Journal
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Studies
JSJ
Journal
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the
Study
of
Judaism
in
the
Persian,
Hellenistic,
and
Roman
Periods
JSNT
Journal
for
the
Study
of
the
New
Testament
JSNTSup
Journal for the Study of the New Testament Supplement Series
JSOT
Journal
for
the
Study
of
the
Old
Testament
JSOTSup
Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement
JSP
Journal
for
the
Study
of
the
Pseudepigrapha
JSQ
Jewish
Studies
Quarterly
JSS
Journal
of
Semitic
Studies
JS/
TS
Journal
for
Semitics /
Tydskrif
vir
Semitistiek
JTI
Journal
of
Theological
Interpretation
JTS
Journal
of
Theological
Studies
KD
Kerygma
und
Dogma
KK
Katorikku
Kenkyu
LCL
Loeb Classical Library
LEC
Library of Early Christianity
LNTS
Library of New Testament Studies
LPSt
Library of Pauline Studies
LTJ
Lutheran
Theological
Journal
Mnemosyne
Mnemosyne:
A
Journal
of
Classical
Studies
MNTC
Moffatt New Testament Commentary
MScRel
Mélanges
de
Science
Religieuse
NCamBC
New Cambridge Bible Commentary
NCBC
New Century Bible Commentary
NCCS
New Covenant Commentary Series
Neot
Neotestamentica
NFTL
New Foundations Theological Library
NIBCNT
New International Biblical Commentary on the New Testament
NICNT
New International Commentary on the New Testament
NovT
Novum
Testamentum
NovTSup
Supplements to Novum Testamentum
NTA
New
Testament
Abstracts
NTAbh
Neutestamentliche Abhandlungen
NTL
New Testament Library
NTS
New
Testament
Studies
NTT
Norsk
Teologisk
Tidsskrift
Numen
Numen:
International
Review
for
the
History
of
Religions
OCD
3
Oxford
Classical
Dictionary
OrChrAn
Orientalia Christiana Analecta
OTP
The
Old
Testament
Pseudepigrapha
PAST
Pauline Studies (Brill)
PastRev
Pastoral
Review
PCNT
Paideia Commentaries on the New Testament
PhA
Philosophia Antiqua
Philologus
PHR
Problèmes
d
’Histoire
des
Religions
PIBA
Proceedings
of
the
Irish
Biblical
Association
PillNTC
Pillar New Testament Commentary
PJBR
Polish
Journal
of
Biblical
Research
ProcC
Proclamation Commentaries
PRSt
Perspectives
in
Religious
Studies
PrTMS
Princeton Theological Monograph Series
PTMS
Pittsburgh Theological Monograph Series
QC
Qumran
Chronicle
R&
T
Religion
and
Theology
RB
Revue
biblique
RBL
Review
of
Biblical
Literature
RechBib
Recherches bibliques
RelS
Religious
Studies
RelSRev
Religious
Studies
Review
ResQ
Restoration
Quarterly
RevExp
Review
and
Expositor
RevistB
Revista
bíblica
RevQ
Revue
de
Qumran
RHPR
Revue
d’
Histoire
et
de
Philosophie
Religieuses
RHR
Revue
de
l’
histoire
des
religions
RivB
Rivista
biblica
italiana
RMPhil
Rheinisches
Museum
für
Philologie
RocT
Roczniki
Teologiczne
RSR
Recherches
de
science
religieuse
RTR
Reformed
Theological
Review
Salm
Salmanticensis
SAOC
Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilizations
SBLDS
Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation Series
SBLECL
Society of Biblical Literature Early Christianity and Its Literature
SBLRBS
Society of Biblical Literature Resources for Biblical Study
SBLSBS
Society of Biblical Literature Sources for Biblical Study
SBLSCS
Society of Biblical Literature Septuagint and Cognate Studies
SBLSymS
Society of Biblical Literature Symposium Series
SBLTT
Society of Biblical Literature Texts and Translations
SBLWGRW
Society of Biblical Literature Writings from the Greco-Roman World
SBT
Studies in Biblical Theology
ScC
La
Scuola
Cattolica
SCHNT
Studia ad Corpus Hellenisticum Novi Testamenti
ScrTh
Scripta
Theologica
SEÅ
Svensk
Exegetisk
Årsbok
SGRR
Studies in Greek and Roman Religion
SHBC
Smyth & Helwys Bible Commentary
SHR
Numen
SJT
Scottish
Journal
of
Theology
SJTOP
Scottish Journal of Theology Occasional Papers
Society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series
SP
Sacra Pagina
SPhilA
Studia
Philonica
Annual (
Studia
Philonica)
SPhilMon
Studia Philonica Monographs
SR
Studies
in
Religion
StBibLit
Studies in Biblical Literature (Lang)
StBibSlov
Studia
Biblica
Slovaca
STJ
Stulos
Theological
Journal
StSpir
Studies
in
Spirituality
StZ
Stimmen
der
Zeit
SUSIA
Skrifter Utgivna av Svenska Institutet I Athen
SVTQ
St.
Vladimir’
s
Theological
Quarterly
SWJT
Southwestern
Journal
of
Theology
TBei
Theologische
Beiträge
TDNT
Theological
Dictionary
of
the
New
Testament
ThQ
Theologische
Quartalschrift
TJ
Trinity
Journal
TLG
Thesaurus
Linguae
Graecae:
Canon
of
Greek
Authors
and
Works
TLZ
Theologische
Literaturzeitung
TNTC
Tyndale New Testament Commentaries
TS
Theological
Studies
TSHP
Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy
TSJTSA
Texts and Studies of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America
TTKi
Tidsskrift
for
Teologi
og
Kirke
TTZ
Trierer
Theologische
Zeitschrift
TynBul
Tyndale
Bulletin
TZ
Theologische
Zeitschrift
VC
Vigiliae
Christianae
VE
Vox
Evangelica
VerbEc
Verbum
et
Ecclesia
VH
Vivens
Homo
WBC
Word Biblical Commentary
WUNT
Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament
YCS
Yale Classical Studies
ZAW
Zeitschrift
für
die
alttestamentliche
Wissenschaft
ZKG
Zeitschrift
für
Kirchengeschichte
ZKT
Zeitschrift
für
katholische
Theologie
ZNT
Zeitschrift
für
Neues
Testament
ZNW
Zeitschrift
für
die
neutestamentliche
Wissenschaft
und
die
Kunde
der
älteren
Kirche
ZRGG
Zeitschrift
für
Religions
-
und
Geistesgeschichte
ZTK
Zeitschrift
für
Theologie
und
Kirche
. The citations give double enumerations where the OTP translation (listed first) and the standard Greek text differ.
. Where editions diverge, I cite the enumeration in both Spittler (in OTP) and Kraft.
. Chai’s enumeration is followed parenthetically by the original enumeration.