Notes
Notes
1J. D Walsh, ‘Joseph Milner’s Evangelical Church History’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History, Vol.10 (1959), pp.174–87.
2C. S. Dessain et al (eds), The Letters and Diaries of John Henry Newman (31 volumes plus supplementary volume 32, 1961–2008) (hereafter Letters & Diaries); Letters & Diaries, vol. 25, p. 231 to Lady Simeon Nov. 18 1870.
3Letters & Diaries vol. 25, p. 430, to Malcolm McColl, Nov. 11 1871.
4Parochial and Plain Sermons, vol 1 pp. 320–1.
5Owen Chadwick, Newman (Oxford, 1983), pp. 17–26.
6Discussions and Arguments, p. 268.
7Letters & Diaries, vol. 5, pp. 301–4, to Hugh James Rose, May 23 1836.
8Apologia Pro Vita Sua, edited by Martin Svaglic (Oxford, 1967), pp. 155–6.
9Rowan Williams, ‘Newman’s Arians’, in Ian Ker and Alan Hill (eds), Newman After a Hundred Years (Oxford, 1990), pp. 263–85.
10An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine (London, 1903), Ch. 1, section 1, p. 40.
11Autobiographical Writings, edited by H. Tristram (New York, 1957), p. 255.
12The nadir of his depression over all this is harrowingly recorded in Autobiographical Writings, pp. 249–60.
13Apologia, p. 217.
14Edmund Sheridan Purcell, Life of Cardinal Manning, vol. 2 (London, 1896), p. 323.
15Letters & Diaries, vol. 25, pp. 18-19, to Bishop Ullathorne, Jan. 28 1870.
16Grammar of Assent, Ian Ker (ed) (Oxford, 1985), pp. 66–7.
17Anthony Kenny, ‘Newman as a philosopher of religion’, in David Brown (ed), Newman, a Man for Our Time (London, 1990), pp. 98–122.
18Letters & Diaries, vol. 29, p. 72, to Richard Church, Mar. 11 1879.
19Apologia, p. 36.
20John Henry Newman, Selected Writings to 1845, Albert Radcliffe (ed) (Manchester, 2002), . 104.
21Lectures on the Prophetical Office of the Church viewed relative to Romanism and Popular Protestantism (London, 1837), pp. 62–3.
22Arians of the Fourth Century, with an introduction and notes by Rowan Williams (Leominster, 2001), p. xxxvi.
23Arians, pp 30–1, 106: the targeting of theological liberalism in Arians is illuminatingly explored in Stephen Thomas, Newman and Heresy, the Anglican Years (Cambridge, 1991), pp. 36–49.
24Apologia, pp. 36–7.
25Arians, p. 180.
26Arians, pp. 36–7.
27Letters & Diaries, vol. 25, pp. 18–19, to Bishop Ullathorne, Jan. 28 1870.
28Lectures on Justification, p. 218–9.
29Parochial and Plain Sermons, vol 6, p 62
30The Catechetical Lectures of St Cyril, Archbishop of Jerusalem, in The Library of the Fathers (1839), p. xviii.
31Letters & Diaries, vol. 6, p. 6, to his sister Jemima, Jan. 5 1837.
32Prophetical Office, pp. 297–300, 308.
33See below, p. 67–72.
34Apologia, p. 108.
35Ker, John Henry Newman, p. 177–8.
36Apologia, pp. 110–1.
37The essay was reprinted in Essays Critical and Historical, vol. 2, pp. 1–73.
38They are a staple of the ‘Samaritan’ sermons published in Sermons on Subjects of the Day in 1843.
39Ker, Newman, p. 184.
40An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine, pp. 7–8.
41Letters & Diaries, vol. 7, pp 436–44, to Francis Newman, Nov. 10 1840.
42Fifteen Sermons preached before the University of Oxford, David Earnest Janes and Gerard Tracey (eds) (Oxford, 2006), p. 218.
43Development, p. 29.
44Development, p. 38.
45Development, p. 56.
46I have used the later form of the seven ‘tests’ or ‘notes’, as set out in Development, pp. 171 ff.
47Appendix 3 to the edition of the Essay edited by James Tollhurst (Gracewing: Leominster, 2018) helpfully documents the changes Newman made for the standard 1878 edition.
48Letters & Diaries, vol. 20, p. 224, to Sir John Acton, July 8 1862.
49Development, pp. 272–3.
50Letters & Diaries, vol. 25, p. 280, to H. J. Coleridge, Feb. 3 1871.
51Letters & Diaries, vol. 20, p. 224, to Sir John Acton, Jul. 8 1862.
52The Works of the Most Reverend Dr John Tillotson (London, 1722), vol. 1 p. 18.
53Richard Whately, Easy Lessons in Christian Evidences (London, 1838), p. 18.
54William Paley’s Natural Theology: Evidences of the being and Attributes of the Deity, collected from the Appearances of Nature (London, 1802).
55Coleridge, Aids to Reflection (Bohn’s Library edition, London, 1913), p. 272.
56Fifteen Sermons, p. 138.
57Tamworth Reading Room in Discussions and Arguments, p. 293.
58Fifteen Sermons, pp. 177–8.
59Fifteen Sermons, p. 178.
60Fifteen Sermons, p. 137.
61Fifteen Sermons, p. 151.
62Sermons preached on Various Occasions, pp. 64–5.
63The Grammar of Assent, Ian Ker (ed) (Oxford, 1985), p. 76.
64Grammar of Assent, p. 224.
65Grammar of Assent, pp. 231–2.
66Letters & Diaries, vol. 21, p. 146, to Canon J. Walker of Scarborough, Jul. 6 1864: for a recent discussion of Butler’s influence on Newman, Jane Garnett, ‘Joseph Butler’ in Frederick Aquino and Benjamin King (eds), Oxford Handbook of John Henry Newman (Oxford, 2019), pp. 135–153.
67Letters & Diaries, vol. 29, p. 114, to William Froude, April 29 1879. Froude never read the letter, as he died in South Africa before its arrival.
68For parallels between Newman and Wittgenstein, Angelo Bottone, ‘Newman and Wittgenstein after Foundationalism’, New Blackfriars, vol. 86, no. 1001 (January, 2005), pp. 62–75.
69The quoted phrase is from the memorandum on the Catholic University in Autobiographical Writings, H. Tristram (ed) (New York, 1957), p. 320: cf. ‘If ever there was a power on earth who had an eye for the times, who has confined himself to the practicable… whose words have been facts, and whose commands prophecies, such is he in the history of ages, who sits from generation to generation in the Chair of the Apostles, as the Vicar of Christ, and the Doctor of His Church.’ Idea of a University, p. 13.
70Letters & Diaries, vol. 14, pp. 365–6, to Francis Richard Wegg-Prosser, Sept. 24 1851.
71John Coulson (ed), On Consulting the Faithful in Matters of Doctrine (London, 1961), pp. 63, 76.
72E. Duffy, Saints and Sinners, a History of the Popes, 3rd Ed. (Yale University Press, CT: 2006), p. 291.
73Newman, Certain Difficulties felt by Anglicans in Catholic Teaching Considered, vol. 1, pp. 178–9.
74The Rambler, New Series, vol. 1 (May 1859), p. 102.
75Letters & Diaries, vol. 19, p. 449–50, to Miss Holmes, Jan. 10 1861.
76The Pope and the Revolution: a sermon preached in the Oratory Church, Birmingham, on Sunday, October 7th 1866 (London, 1866).
77Letters & Diaries, vol. 22, pp. 302–3, to T. W. Allies, Oct. 21 1866.
78Letters & Diaries, vol. 23, pp. 142–3, to James Hope Scott,Apr. 11 1867.
79Letters & Diaries, vol. 22, pp. 314–5, to Emily Bowles, Nov. 11 1866.
80Letters & Diaries, vol. 2,4 pp. 212–3 to Maria Giberne, Feb. 10 1869 and see also vol. 20, p. 353, to William Monsell, Nov. 14 1862.
81C. S. Dessain, John Henry Newman, 2nd Ed. (Stanford, 1971), p. 124.
82Letters & Diaries, vol. 11, p. 293, to W. G. Penny, Dec. 13 1846 (on Fr Peronne’s limitations as a theologian).
83Letter to the Duke of Norfolk in Difficulties of Anglicans, vol. 2, section 7, pp. 294–5.
84Letters & Diaries, vol. 11, p. 196, to J. D. Dalgairns, Jul. 6 1846: Wilfred Ward, Life of Cardinal Newman, vol. 1, p. 123 ff.
85Letters & Diaries, vol. 22, pp. 215–6, to Emily Bowles, Apr. 16 1866.
86Letters & Diaries, vol. 27, pp. 212–3 to Lord Blatchford, Feb. 5 1875.
87Apologia, p. 226.
88Letters & Diaries, vol. 26, pp. 59-60, to J. Spencer Northcote, Apr. 7 1872.
89Letters & Diaries, vol. 20, pp. 445–8, to Emily Bowles, May 19 1863.
90Letters & Diaries, vol. 21, p. 386, to William Monsell, Jan. 12 1865.
91E. B. Pusey, The Church of England a portion of Christ’s one true Catholic Church… an Eirenicon (London and Oxford, 1865).
92Letter to Pusey in Difficulties of Anglicans, vol. 2, pp. 20–1.
93Letter to Pusey, pp. 23-4.
94Edmund Sheridan Purcell, Life of Cardinal Manning (London 1896), vol. 2, p. 323.
95Letters & Diaries, vol. 24, p. 323, note 2.
96Ker, Newman, p. 635.
97Letters & Diaries, vol. 25, pp. 18–20, to Bishop Ullathorne, Jan. 28 1870.
98Letters & Diaries, vol. 25, p. 231, to Lady Simeon, Nov. 18 1870.
99Letters & Diaries, vol. 25, pp. 308–10, to Alfred Plummer, Apr. 3 1871.
100Letters & Diaries, vol. 22, p. 317, to Bishop David Moriarty, Nov.14 1866
101Letters & Diaries, vol. 25, p. 262, to Mrs William Froude, Jan. 2 1871.
102Alvin Ryan (ed), Newman and Gladstone, the Vatican Decrees (Notre Dame, IN, 1962), pp/ 167–70.
103Newman and Gladstone, p. 138.
104Newman and Gladstone, pp. 129, 133.
105Newman and Gladstone, p. 151.
106Newman and Gladstone, pp. 153, 166.
107Newman and Gladstone, p. 166.
108Letters & Diaries, vol. 20, pp. 445–8, to Emily Bowles, May 19 1863.
109Letters & Diaries, vol. 20, p. 426, to Robert Ormsby, Mar. 26 1863.
110Letters & Diaries, vol. 27, p. 70, to Lord Blachford, June 3 1874.
111Nicholas Lash, Theology on Dover Beach (London, 1979), p. 103.
112J. H. Newman, The Via Media of the Anglican Church Illustrated in Lectures, Letters and Tracts written between 1830 and 1841....with a Preface and Notes (London, 1877), vol. 1, p. xli.
113Via Media, p. xlii.
114Via Media, pp. xlvii–xlviii.
115John Coulson, Newman and the Common Tradition (Oxford 1970), pp. 165–78.
116Via Media, p. xciv.
117For the First Vatican Council’s decree on revelation, including the section on the inspiration of scripture which worried Newman, Norman P. Tanner (ed), Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils (Georgetown University Press, 1990), vol. 2, p 806.
118What follows is based on the analysis of Newman’s views in the introduction to On the Inspiration of Scripture, edited by J. Derek Holmes and Robert Murray (Washington, 1967), pp 3–98: Newman’s earlier manuscript writings on Scripture were edited by J. Derek Holmes in The Theological Papers of John Henry Newman on Biblical Inspiration and on Infallibility (Oxford, 1979).
119Rowland E. Prothero, Life and Letters of Dean Stanley (London, 1 volume edition, 1909), pp. 445–8.
120Letters & Diaries, vol. 13, p. 419, to Miss G Munro, Feb. 11 1850.
121Callista, pp. 314–5.
122The Dream of Gerontius and other Poems by John Henry Newman (Oxford, 1914), p. 3.
123For ‘penitence and community’ in Dante’s Purgatorio, Robin Kirkpatrick (editor and translator), Dante, Purgatorio (Harmondsworth, 2007), pp. xxvi–xxxviii: the Newman phrase is from Apologia, p .18.
124Seamus Deane (ed), Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (Penguin, 2000), pp. 179, 190. The line Dedalus quoted is from Newman’s panagyric on the papacy in the first of his University Discourses in Idea of a University, p. 14.
125Letters & Diaries, vol. 24, p. 241, to John Hayes, Apr 13 1869.
126David de Laura, ‘O Unforgotten Voice: the Memory of Newman in the Nineteenth century’, in Sources for Interpretation: the Use of Nineteenth century Literary Documents: Essays in honor of C L Cline (University of Texas at Austin, TX: 1975), pp. 23–55.
127Parochial and Plain Sermons, vol. 5, p. 44.
128Parochial and Plain Sermons, vol. 1, p. 13, ‘Promising without doing’, 173.
129Sermons on Subjects of the Day, p. 307.
130Michael de la Bedoyere, The Life of Baron Von Hugel (London, 1951), pp. 31–2.
131Idea of a University, p. 14.
132Idea of a University, pp. 120–1.
133Idea of a University, pp. 208–11.
134Idea of a University, pp. 229–30.
135Idea of a University, p. 476.
136Idea of a University, pp. 466–7.
137H. Tristram (ed), Autobiographical Writings (New York, 1957), p. 5.
138Owen Chadwick, ‘Bremond and Newman’, in The Spirit of the Oxford Movement: Tractarian Essays (Cambridge, 1990), p. 181.
139Letters & Diaries, vol. 20, p. 443, to his sister Jemima, May 18 1863: Historical Sketches, vol. 2, p. 221: he was discussing the letters of the Fathers, especially St John Chrysostom.
140Letters & Diaries, vol. 24, pp. 362–3, to Archbishop Manning, Nov. 3 1869: Letters & Diaries, vol. 23, pp. 216–7, to W. G. Ward, May 9 1867.
141Letters & Diaries, vol. 29, p. 241, to his nephew, John Rickards Mozley, Feb 26 1880.
142Apologia, p. 15.
143Autobiographical Writings, p. 254.
144Apologia, pp. 385-464.
145Apologia, p. 406.
146Discussions and Arguments, p. 294.
147Fifteen Sermons, pp. 176-7.
148Apologia, p. 137.
149Apologia, p. 155–6.
150Letters & Diaries, vol. 20, pp. 215–6, to the editor of the Globe, June 28 1862.
151Apologia, p. 213.
152Blehl & Connolly, Newman’s Apologia, p. 59.
153F. W. Newman, Contributions chiefly to the Early History of Cardinal Newman (London, 1891), p. 117.
154Edwin A. Abbott, The Anglican Career of Cardinal Newman (London, 1892).
155F. L. Cross, Newman (Glasgow, 1933), pp. 54-5.
156R. W. Church, The Oxford Movement (London, 1891).
157Apologia, p. 76.
158Simon Skinner, ‘Newman, the Tractarians, and the British Critic’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History, vol. 50, no. 4 (October 1999), pp. 716–59.
159Above, pp. 16, 26, 95–6.
160Apologia, p. 238–9.
161Above, p. 59.
162Above, p. 61.
163Von Hugel to Ward, 23 November 1911, cited in Laurence Barmann, Baron Friederich von Hugel and the Modernist crisis in England (Cambridge, 1972), p. 5 note 2.
164G. Egner, Apologia Pro Charles Kingsley (London, 1969): see also Fitzpatrick’s two essays in David Nicholls and Fergus Kerr (eds), John Henry Newman: Reason, Rhetoric and Romanticism (Bristol, 1991): the volume was a group attempt to deconstruct Newman’s reputation.
165Frank M. Turner, John Henry Newman: the Challenge to Evangelical Religion (New Haven, CT and London, 2002).
166Simon Skinner, ‘History Vs Hagiography: the Reception of Turner’s Newman’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History, vol. 61 (2010), p. 765.
167Frank Turner (ed), Apologia Pro Vita Sua and Six Sermons (New Haven, CT and London, 2008), p. 85.
168Turner, Newman, p .151.
169Turner, Apologia, p. 104–5.
170Turner, Newman, p. 533
171Turner, Newman, p. 466.
172Turner, Newman, pp. 139–42.
173For example, Tristram Hunt in the Guardian, Saturday January 4 2003.
174See Tatchell’s article on the exhumation, in the Guardian, September 4 2008.
175Letters & Diaries, vol. 6, p. 133, to Lord Lifford, Sept. 12 1837.
176Turner, Newman, pp. 228–9.
177Turner, Newman, p. 235.
178Difficulties of Anglicans, p. 28.
179Apologia, pp. 218–9.
180Erik Sidenvall, After Anti-Catholicism: John Henry Newman and Protestant Britain, 1845–c. 1890 (London, 2005), pp. 156–9.
181Manning’s Homily is printed in full in Edmund Purcell, Life of Cardinal Manning, vol. 2 (London, 1896), pp. 749–52.
182Letters & Diaries, vol. 25, p. 58, to Bishop David Moriarty, Mar. 20 1871.
183R. F. Clarke S. J., Logic (Stonyhurst, 1909), cited in Nicholas Sagovsky, ‘Frustration, disillusion and enduring filial respect: George Tyrell’s debt to John Henry Newman’, in Mary Jo Weaver (ed), Newman and the Modernists (Lanham and London, 1985), p. 99.
184Gabriel Daly, Transcendence and Immanence: a Study in Catholic Modernism and Integralism (Oxford, 1980), pp. 7–25: Nicholas Lash, ‘Newman and A Firmin’, in A. H. Jenkins (ed), John Henry Newman and Modernism (Sigmaringendorf, 1990), p. 59.
185Aidan Nichol, From Newman to Congar (Edinburgh, 1990), pp. 129–35.
186The Pastoral Letter is printed in Weaver, Newman and the Modernists, pp. 131–57.
187Weaver, Newman and the Modernists, pp. 83, 85, 109.
188Mark McInroy, ‘Theological Receptions of the Grammar, in Frederick D. Aquino and Benjamin J. King (eds), Receptions of Newman (Oxford, 2015), pp. 77–85. And see the essay by B. D. Dupuy, ‘Newman’s influence in France’, in John Coulson and A. M. Allchin (eds), The Rediscovery of Newman (London, 1967), especially pp. 147–69.
189Cited by Werner Becker in Coulson and Allchin, Rediscovery of Newman, p. 180.
190See the essay by Mark McInroy, ‘Catholic Theological Reception’, in Aquino and King, Handbook, pp. 506–7.
191Joseph Ratzinger, Speech at the commemoration of the centenary of the death of Newman, Rome April 28 1990: available on the Vatican website, <http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19900428_ratzinger-newman_en.html>.
192Essay by Geoffrey Rowell in Aquino and King, Handbook, p. 525.
193Hans Kung, Justification (London, 1963), p. 203.
194Lectures on Justification, p. 340.
195McInroy, in Handbook, p. 512.
196Ratzinger, Speech at the commemoration of the centenary of the death of Newman, Rome, April 28 1990.
197J. Derek Holmes (ed), The Theological Papers of John Henry Newman on Biblical Inspiration and on Infallibility (Oxford, 1979), p 97.
198Both quoted in Nicholas Lash, ‘Newman since Vatican II’, in Ker and Hill, Newman After a Hundred Years, p. 459.
199Owen Chadwick, Acton and History (Cambridge, 1998), p. 132.