Section 6
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with the distinction between the acknowledged (c^oytu/uwoi,) the disputed (amfcyo^wO and the spurious (y6ew.) (ch. 25.) A new subject offers next, in the rise of heresies, (ch. 27.) The gross errors taught by Menander, the Ebionites and Cerinthus, the delusions of the Nicolaitans are exhibited on the authorities of Irenseus, Justin, Clement, and the Caius, already quoted above. The reference to the last of these errorists, as if by contrast, intro duces the subject of marriage, and an account of those apostles who lived in this state, (ch. 30.) The Epistle of Polycrates of Ephesus, throws light on this subject, whilst the extracts from Hegesippus also shows the purer state of the Church, and the period about which the apostolic chair became extinct, (ch. 23.) Persecution now reared itself again under Trajan, and this oc casions the Epistle of Pliny, and the answer of the Emperor. At Rome, Clement is succeeded by Euarestus, whilst Simeon, who died at 120 years of age, is succeeded by Justus at Jerusalem. The Epistles of Ignatius, and his martyrdom, are noticed from the writings of Irenaeus and Polycarp. A general account of some, about this time distinguished for prophetical gifts and miracles, (ch. 37,) the notice of the genuine epistle of Clement, with inter esting extracts from the last works of Papias, close the third book. This brings the history down to the beginning of the second century, comprising a range of more than thirty years. The fourth book exhibits the churches of Rome and Alexandria, becoming more and more prominent in their influence on the rest of the Christian world. With the growth of Christianity we also see the growing misery of the Jews. The eighteenth year of Trajan's reign was a time of great calamity to them, in consequence of insurrectionary movements. In the reign of Adrian, his suc cessor, the enemies of Christianity created persecutions which drew forth apologies from Quadratus and Aristides. The series of bishops at Jerusalem, before the destruction of the city, the delu sion of the impostor Barchochebas in the eighteenth year of Adrian's reign, (ch. 6,) and the entire exclusion of the Jews from their an