LUP_Wallis_Bede_Revel_03_Append
Appendix
THE CAPITULA LECTIONUM ON REVELATION
ASCRIBED TO BEDE
This translation is based on the edition by Roger Gryson, found on pp.
137–39 of the Introduction to his critical edition of the Commentary on Revelation. Gryson's base text is that found in Rome, Biblioteca Vallicelliana B. 6 (n. France, c. 850), collated with two other Carolingian witnesses,
Paris Bibliothèque nationale de France lat. 4 and Reims, Bibliothèque municipale 2. The summaries in square brackets are my own. See the table on pp. 62–64 for a concordance of the capitula, Bede's periochae, and the modern chapters and verses.
/137/ [Title] I. In a preface, John shows that the Lord Christ will reveal himself through an angel.
[Salutation] II. As he prepares to describe the battles of the Church, [John] prefaces this, by way of example, with the sufferings of Christ and his subsequent glory.
[Vision of 'one like the Son of Man'] III. He confirms this same dispensation of Christ, and reiterates it in symbols
(figuras).
[Messages to the Seven Churches] IV. After recounting what was done, or ought to be done, in the Seven Churches of Asia, he announces what will come to pass in the Church as a whole throughout the entire period of this world-age, which unfolds in seven days.
[Vision of the Throne, the Four Living Beings, and the Twenty-four Elders] V. Though all power to judge is given to the Son, the judicial power of the Church as well is shown in the light of the radiant Gospel.
[The Lamb is given the scroll sealed with the seven seals] VI. After the grace of the Gospel had been preached, Christ, lying down like a
BEDE: COMMENTARY ON REVELATION
lamb that he might rise up again as a lion, opened both Testaments, long sealed with seven seals – that is, with the all-embracing plenitude of the mysteries.
Then he is adored as God and Lord by the Church, as is his due.
[The first five seals: the Four Horsemen and the souls beneath the altar] VII. The victorious Church is attacked in a threefold war, namely by pagans, by false brethren, and by heretics. In the present age, her victory through the death of the body is indeed a harsh one, but in the future it is exalted through the bliss of souls.
[The sixth seal: the earthquake] VIII. After the glory of the earlier martyrs has been displayed, the combats of the brethren who will die in the time of Antichrist are recounted in like manner.
[The sealing of the Tribes] IX. In order to convey the downfall of Antichrist, [John] indicates how the advent of Christ destroyed the earlier kingdoms of this world.
[Acclamation of the Lamb by the multitude in white robes; the Lamb opens the seventh seal] X. The glory of them who triumph over Antichrist, and the brief interval of repose which the Church will enjoy after he is slain, are described.
/138/ [The angel with the golden censer] XI. Recapitulating from the beginning, [John] says that when the Lord
Christ offered his body upon the altar of the Cross, the Church, ever aflame with the Holy Spirit, took up the office of preaching.
[The first four trumpets: hail and fire, the mountain thrown into the sea, the star Wormwood, the darkening of the heavenly bodies]
XII. While the Church preaches that God's judgement will come upon the earth, the Devil strives to corrupt the sea of the world-age, the rivers of Scripture, and the very stars of the Church. But the lofty voice of the teachers warns [us] to beware of yet greater dangers to come.
[The fifth angel: locusts] XIII. The savage power of the heresies that are the precursors of Antichrist is described.
[The sixth angel: the army of the Euphrates]
appendix XIV. The angels of Satan, who now are bound within the hearts of the wicked, and who then shall be released into open warfare, tempt some of the elect to submit to them.
[The angel with the little scroll] XV. As he is about to recount the downfall of Antichrist, [John] recapitulates from the beginning: the Lord at his coming commends the faithfulness of the Church in preaching, and gives advance warning that everything will be consumed at the last trumpet.
[John eats the little scroll] XVI. In the figure of John, who resumed preaching after his exile, is symbolized the Church that will preach the sweetness of [its] joys in the midst of bitter persecution.
[The two witnesses] XVII. Trampled in the final persecution, the Church subjugates through the valiant combat of either Enoch and Elijah, or of the other martyrs drawn from both peoples, the enemies who rejoiced in their death, but who in their resurrection are destined to suffer endless punishment.
[The seventh trumpet: Acclamation of God and Christ] XVIII. The final woe shall come when the wicked go into torment, but the righteous into eternal life.1
[The Woman clothed with the sun] XIX. Resuming once again the order [of the narrative], he tells how the church is rendered fruitful by partaking in the mysteries of the incarnate
Lord, and is protected by heavenly grace, that it may not be defeated by the Devil.
[War in heaven; the dragon pursues the Woman] XX. The old enemy, expelled from the church and driven off by the holy angels, exerts his evil intentions ever more ardently against those who belong to him. And because he could not devour the whole Church, as he wished, he now does not rest from tempting individuals.
[The beast with ten horns and seven heads] XXI. Antichrist, endowed with the Devil's power, pretends to suffer death like the Lamb without stain, and to prevail for the salvation of the world.
After three and a half years, he shall be punished by the sword of the Lord.
1 Matt. 25:46.
BEDE: COMMENTARY ON REVELATION
[The second beast with two horns: '666'] XXII. The ministers of Antichrist follow their master in all respects, both in what they do and in what they profess.
[The Lamb and the 144,000 on Mount Zion.] XXIII. Here is expressed the unique glory of those who, chaste in heart and in body, overcame the mark of Antichrist.
[The three angels] XXIV. As the Last Judgement is at hand, both the ruin of the wicked and the eternal rest of the saints are foretold by preachers, all of one accord.
[The harvest and the vintage] XXV. The power of the Judge over contumacious men and over the spirits who govern them is shown through the obedient angels.
[The song of triumph of the saints around the sea of glass and fire] XXVI. Those who are victorious over the Beast, bathed (so to speak) in baptismal fire, worship the Judge with praise.
[The first five plagues: sores, sea turned to blood, fountains turn to blood, scorching sun, darkness] XXVII. Holy preachers, instructed in the words of the Gospel, reveal before the world the scourges of God by which the impious are now spiritually slain, even as they attack the pious.
[The sixth plague: Euphrates dried up. The dragon, beast and false prophet spew out foul spirits. Armies assemble at Armegeddon]
XXVIII. As usual, the deeds and violent death of Antichrust are contained in the sixth position, and his end in the seventh.
[The seventh angel's vial is emptied and the angel announces 'It is done'.
Lightning, thunder, earthquake and hail] XXIX. He recapitulates from the same persecution, as he is about to describe the downfall of the impious city.
[The Harlot] XXX. The seductive malice of the wicked, gloating in the bloody reign of the Devil, is seen raging against the saints.
appendix /139/ [Interpretation of the Harlot and the beast with the ten horns.] XXXI. The kingdom of the Devil that collapsed with the first persecutors, and abides in the present [persecutors], will arrive in all its fulness with the final persecutors, and then will be crushed by Christ the King.
[The fall of Babylon] XXXII. That same impiety which he had described in the demeanour of the Harlot, stripped and burnt, he now likens to the ruins of the deserted city.
[Rejoicing at the fall of Babylon] XXXIII. Now that the impious city has been overthrown and set ablaze, the saints exalt the judgements of God with righteous praise, and the angel forbids [John] to worship him.
[The Rider Faithful and True goes forth and defeats the beast and the false prophet] XXXIV. The Lord Christ, purifying his Church by his passion, sends those who assail her into eternal fire, together with their leaders, Antichrist and the Devil.
[The dragon is cast into the pit for a thousand years; the reign of the saints; the dragon is released and finally defeated]
XXXV. He recapitulates from the beginning. The Lord, born in the flesh, restrained the Devil from seducing the Church. At the end, [the Devil] will be released for a brief period of time, but afterwards will be punished in eternal fire.
[The judgement of the living and the dead. The new Jerusalem descends from heaven] XXXVI. The resurrection, the Judgement, and the end which each of the two cities deserves, are described.
[Description of the Heavenly Jerusalem] XXXVII. Again, the Holy City is displayed, built up of living stones, washed by the river of baptism, fed and illuminated by her Lord.
[Final admonitions and blessings] XXXVIII. John is ordered to make the revelation known at large, because the One who commands that this be written, and desires that it be observed, will shortly come as Judge.
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