Index
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A
Adams, Abigail, 277
Adams, John, xxiii, 205, 210, 259, 266, 269–270, 275
Adams, John Quincy, 281
Adams, Samuel, Jr., xxi, 185–187, 205, 270–275
Adams, Samuel, Sr., 185–187
Address to the Inhabitants of [Massachusetts and Boston], 185
Alison, Francis, 55
All Things Come Alike to All, 220
Allen, Timothy, 120
American Civil War, 285
American Revolution, xviii, xxi–xxiii, 277
American Weekly Mercury, 6, 38, 109
Anarchy, xxi, 96, 102–104, 125–126, 147, 184–187, 208, 225–230, 268
Anthony, Susanna, 137–138, 239, 245, 248–249, 254–255
Appeal to the Public Answered, The, 273
Apthorp, East, 264–266, 276
Arnold, Jonathan, 19, 28
B
Backus, Isaac, 170, 174, 191
“Bad Books,” 64, 164
Baldwin, Ebenezer, 252
Barber, Jonathan, 57, 80
Belcher, Jonathan, 80
Bellamy, Joseph, 246
Benevolence of the Deity, The, 272
Bernard, Francis, 263
Black Regiment, xxi, 256–276, 280
Blair, Samuel, 43, 96–97
Blasphemy
Andrew Croswell and, 260
Charles Chauncy and, xxi, 140, 177
George Whitefield and, 44–49, 82, 98, 235
Gilbert Tennent and, 222
James Davenport and, 128
Jonathan Edwards and, 75, 193
Jonathan Mayhew and, 206
Bordley, Stephen, 29–30
Boston Evening Post, 166
Boston Gazette, 271, 274
Boston Massacre, 273–274
Braddock, Edward, 216
Bradford, Andrew, 6, 8, 14, 38, 47, 108–109, 225
Brainerd, David, 120, 192
Britain’s Mercies and Britain’s Duties, 158
Brockwell, Charles, 208
Brockwell, Thomas, 201
Brown, John, 164
Bryan, Hugh, 34, 57, 81, 159–160
Bryan, William Jennings, xix
Burning of Sodom, The, 81
Burr, Aaron, Sr., 217
C
Caesar, Julius, 206
Calm and Dispassionate Vindication of the Professors of the Church of England, 200–201
Cato’s Letters, 201
Charles I, King, 151, 178, 201–208, 276
Charles II, King, 203
Chauncy, Charles
blasphemy and, xxi, 140, 177
George Whitefield and, xx, 131, 165–169
Gilbert Tennent and, 131
James Davenport and, 129–130
Jonathan Edwards and, 190
Jonathan Mayhew and, xxi, 165, 168–169, 264
New Birth and, 136–137, 141
politics and, 271–277
publications by, 130–132, 139–140, 272–273
Samuel Hopkins and, 248
slavery and, 141
theology of, 129–132, 139–141, 147, 165, 168–169, 177–179, 197, 271–277, 280
Checkley, Samuel, 62
“Church of Peace, The,” 222
Civil Magistrates Must Be Just, Ruling in the Fear of God, 178
Civil War (American), 285
Civil War (English), 201, 276
Clap, Nathaniel, 89, 132–133, 136
Clap, Thomas, 120, 122, 145, 154, 256
Clarke, Elizabeth, 263
Clarke, Samuel, 260
Coercive Acts, 275
Colman, Benjamin, 59, 61, 72, 93, 127, 153, 165
Cooper, Samuel, 66, 164
Cotton, John, 202
Coughlin, Father, xiv
Craighead, Alexander, 94–101
Credulity, Superstition, and Fanaticism: A Medley, 229
Cromwell, Oliver, 119, 126, 171, 201–207, 265
Cross, John, 79, 100–101
Cross, Robert, 111
Croswell, Andrew
background of, 102–103
blasphemy and, 260
critics of, 173–174, 180, 259–260
George Whitefield and, 82–83, 262
Gilbert Tennent and, 157
Indians and, 144–145
James Davenport and, xx, 128, 145, 172, 180
Jonathan Edwards and, 145, 191
Jonathan Mayhew and, 172, 260–261
politics and, 261–262, 267
publications by, 172–173
slavery and, 105, 141–142, 260–261
theology of, 103–107, 144–149, 172–174, 259–262
Cummings, Archibald, 10, 18, 47–48, 58
Cutler, Timothy, 60–61, 93, 162, 197
D
Danger of an Unconverted Ministry, 46, 48, 55, 93, 157
Davenport, James
Andrew Croswell and, xx, 128, 145, 172, 180
blasphemy and, 128
critics of, 121–122, 151–154, 180
George Whitefield and, xx, 53, 57, 78–79, 117, 123–128, 151–154
Gilbert Tennent and, 117, 123–128, 220
narrative of, 123–128
New Birth and, 144
slavery and, 141–142
theology of, 100–106, 117–130, 135, 149
Davies, Samuel, 222–223, 279–280
Dawes, William, 277
Declaration of Independence, 252, 277
Delamotte, Elizabeth, 30–31
Dialogue Concerning the Slavery of the Africans, 252
Dickinson, Jonathan, 28, 121–122, 146, 204, 217
Discourse Concerning Unlimited Submission and Non-Resistance to the Higher Powers, 208, 261, 262
Discourse Occasioned by the Death of King George II, 263
Distinguishing Marks of a Work of the Spirit of God, 118, 119
E
Edes, Benjamin, 271
Edwards, Jonathan
Andrew Croswell and, 145, 191
background of, 69–72
Charles Chauncy and, 190
critics of, 190–195, 205, 210, 213–214
death of, 218–219, 247
George Whitefield and, xx, 59, 68, 72–74, 114–115, 154
Gilbert Tennent and, 71, 73
Great Awakening and, xvii, xviii
Indians and, 214–216
Jonathan Mayhew and, 166, 190–196, 218
as missionary, 214–217
New Birth and, 136–137, 140–141
publications by, 72, 118, 131, 190–192, 194, 213, 218
slavery and, 141–142, 193–195, 284
theology of, 69–76, 102–103, 110, 114–121, 135, 147–149, 190–200, 210–218, 246, 252
Edwards, Jonathan, Jr., 214, 219, 246, 252–253, 284
Edwards, Sarah, 72–73, 213, 215–216, 219
Edwards, Timothy, 73
English Civil War, 201, 276
Enlightenment, xxi–xxii, 38, 189, 193, 260
Enthusiasm Described and Cautioned Against, 130
Equiano, Olaudah, 236
Examiner, Examined; or Gilbert Tennent, Harmonious, 122
Examiner; or Gilbert Against Tennent, 122
F
Faith Absolutely Necessary, but Not Sufficient to Salvation Without Good Works, 47
Faithful Narrative of the Surprising Work of God, A, 59, 72
Falconar, Magnus, 8
Final Narrative of James Davenport, The, 123–128
Finney, Charles Grandison, 283–284
Fish, Joseph, 244
Founding Fathers, xxii, 233, 279
Foxcroft, Thomas, 61, 93, 165
George Whitefield and, 37–42, 46–47, 59–60, 108–113, 167, 175, 226, 231–233, 236
Great Awakening and, xviii, xx
inventions by, 225
politics and, 200, 225–227, 229–231, 266–267, 275
publications by, 4–6, 13, 16, 24, 37–42, 46, 108–111, 160–161, 221, 232
Freedom of Will, The, 218
Frelinghuysen, Theodorus, 26
French and Indian War, 227, 230
“Friendly Advice for Dr. Squintum,” 228–229
G
Garden, Alexander, 35–37, 40, 57–60, 76, 81–82, 103, 162, 233
Gardner, Newport, 242, 251, 253
Gay, Ebenezer, 166
George II, King, 175–177, 198–199, 206, 208, 263
George III, King, 263, 277
Gillies, John, 226–227
Gilman, Nicholas, 139
Grace Defended, 164
Graham, Billy, xix
Grand Itinerant, 4–42, 60, 68, 82, 108, 143, 154, 164, 227–236. See also Whitefield, George
Great Awakening
aftermath of, xvi, xxi, 279–285
explanation of, xv–xix
populism and, xvii–xxiii, 281
Revolution and, xviii, xx–xxiii
role of, xix–xxii
Second Great Awakening, xvi, 282–285
Great Christian Doctrine of Original Sin Defended, The, 218
“Great Disappointment,” 284
“Great Duty of Charity Recommended, The,” 34
H
Harmony of the Old and New Testament, The, 218
Hart, Levi, 252
Heimert, Alan, xxii, 148
Hemphill, Samuel, 110–112, 167
Henry, Patrick, 279–281
Heretics, 66, 95–96, 111, 123, 164, 172, 195, 209
Hight, John, 285
Historical Collections Relating to Remarkable Periods of the Success of the Gospel, 227
History of the Work of Redemption, 218
Hitchcock, Gad, 164
Hoadley, Benjamin, 201, 209
Hobart, Noah, 162
Hogarth, William, 229
Hooper, William, 165, 197
Hopkins, Samuel, 217–218, 246–255, 284
Humble Inquiry into the Rules of the Word of God, 194
Hutchinson, Anne, 139–140, 202
Hutchinson, Thomas, 187, 199–200, 267–269, 275
I
Imperial policy, xxi–xxii, 22–42, 45, 157, 187, 230–231, 247, 271–275
Imperial power, xxi–xxii, 199–200, 215–216, 266–267
Independent Advertiser, The, 187, 189
Indians
missions for, 16, 99, 121, 144–149, 164, 195, 214–216, 246, 264
uprisings by, 216, 227–230
Intolerable Acts, 275
Irenicum Ecclesiasticum, 222
J
Jackson, Andrew, 281–282
James, Elizabeth, 158–161, 234
James II, King, 187, 206
Jefferson, Thomas, xxii, 205, 210
Journals, 48, 61, 63, 66–67, 76, 227
K
King George’s War, 175, 199
Knowles, Charles, 176, 182–184, 187, 200
Knowles Riot, 183–187, 270
Know-Nothings, xiv, 282
L
Laud, Archbishop, 207, 208
Legacy of Oliver Cromwell in America, The, 201–206
“Liberty or Death” speech, 280, 285
Locke, John, xxi, 115, 186, 193, 201, 260
Long, Huey, xiv
Luther, Martin, 140, 145
M
Madison, James, xxii
Marrant, John, 236
Mather, Cotton, 60, 68, 202
Mather, Increase, 68, 127
Mayhew, Elizabeth (Clarke), 263
Mayhew, Experience, 64–67, 163–164, 263
Mayhew, Jonathan
Andrew Croswell and, 172, 260–261
background of, 63–68
blasphemy and, 206
Charles Chauncy and, xxi, 165, 168–169, 264
critics of, 198–199, 206–210, 263–269
death of, 269–270
George Whitefield and, 63–68, 163–167, 233
Jonathan Edwards and, 166, 190–196, 218
marriage of, 263
New Birth and, 66–68, 209
politics and, 261–269
publications by, 197, 201–208, 265–266
Samuel Adams and, xxi, 185–186
slavery and, 208, 267–269
theology of, 163–168, 196–199, 201–210, 265–273, 280
McCarthy, Joseph, xiv, 282
McCarty, Thaddeus, 165
Miller, William, 284
Milton, John, 201
Minor, The, 228
Mireku, Okyerema, 242
Misrepresentations Corrected, and Truth Vindicated, 213
Monroe, James, 280
Morgan, William, 281
Mystery Hid from Ages and Generations, Made Manifest by the Gospel Revelation, The, 272
N
Narrative of William Tennent, Jr., 50–52
“Necessity of Religious Violence, The,” 28
“Necessity of Studying to Be Quiet and Doing Your Own Business, The,” 155
Negro Conspiracy, 142–143
New Birth
Charles Chauncy and, 136–137, 141
explanation of, xv, 3, 10
George Whitefield and, 89–92, 106, 144, 169, 226–228
Gilbert Tennent and, 96–101, 104, 106, 223
impact of, 36–39
Indians and, 144–145
James Davenport and, 144
Jonathan Edwards and, 136–137, 140–141
Jonathan Mayhew and, 66–68, 209
mocking, 17–18
opponents of, 114–115, 129, 132, 209
proponents of, 89–109, 223, 226–228
slavery and, 141–143
support for, 43–44, 47–48, 53, 61, 66–68, 89–106
views of, 14, 17–25, 36–39, 169
women and, 132, 136–140
New Divinity movement, 238–255
Newton, Isaac, 260
Noyes, Joseph, 117–118
O
Observations on the Charter and Conduct of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, 265, 266
Oglethorpe, James, 16
Oliver, Andrew, 267
Osborn, Henry, 134, 239–240
Osborn, John, 239–240
Osborn, Sarah (Wheaten), xx, 87–92, 132–138, 238–255
Otis, James, 66, 205, 271
P
Pemberton, Ebenezer, 28
Penn, William, 9–10, 203, 225
Pennsylvania Gazette, 4–6, 13, 16, 24, 37–38, 40, 42, 46, 108–109, 160–161, 232
Percival, John, 57
Peter, Hugh, 202, 203
Pickering, Thomas, 201
Poor Richard’s Almanack, 6, 109
Populism
explanation of, xviii–xix
Great Awakening and, xvii–xxiii, 281
rise of, 148, 188, 191, 209, 281–285
Q
Quamino, John, 242, 251, 254
Quartering Act, 273
Quaum, 241–242
Querists, The, 76–77, 108
R
Reed, Mary, 139
Religion and the American Mind, xxii
Religious Affections, 191
Revere, Paul, 277
Revolutionary War, xviii, xxi–xxiii, 277
Riots, xxi, 113, 180, 183–188, 209, 231, 270
Rogers, Daniel, 78–79, 91–92, 136, 141–142
Rowland, John, 48–49, 96–97
S
Seasonable Thoughts on the State of Religion in New-England, 130, 139
Secker, Thomas, 179, 264–266, 274, 276
Second Defence of the Old Protestant Doctrine of Justifying Faith, 172
Second Great Awakening, xvi, 282–285. See also Great Awakening
Second Rebirth of Gilbert Tennent, The, 155–157
Sedition, 140, 143, 187, 208, 224–225, 268
Sermon Delivered at the Ordination of the Reverend Mr. Noah Welles, 162
Seven Sermons Upon the Following Subjects, 197, 198
Sewall, Joseph, 197
Sewall, Samuel, 61
Seward, William, 7, 10, 38, 60, 152
Shirley, William, 181–188, 197–199, 261
Sinners Bound to Change Their Own Hearts, 283
Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, 116, 117, 190, 247
Six Letters, 76, 82
Sketches of the Life and Character of Patrick Henry, 280
Slavery
Andrew Croswell and, 105, 141–142, 260–261
Charles Chauncy and, 141
Ezra Stiles and, 247–252
George Whitefield and, 31–32, 35–40, 47, 54, 76, 141–143, 159–161, 233–234, 284
Gilbert Tennent and, 142
James Davenport and, 141–142
Jonathan Edwards and, 141–142, 193–195, 284
Jonathan Mayhew and, 208, 267–269
Negro Conspiracy and, 142–143
New Birth and, 141–143
Samuel Hopkins and, 250–255
Sarah Osborn and, 238–249
slave trade, 88, 99, 193, 242–243, 254
views on, xviii–xxi, 47, 141–144, 280–285
Smith, Joseph, 284
Smith, Josiah, 81
Smith, William, 225
Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (SPG), 150, 162, 179, 264–265
Solemn Warning to the Secure World, from the God of Terrible Majesty, 27
Some Thoughts Concerning the Present Revival of Religion in New-England, 131
Sons of Liberty, 270, 274–276
South Carolina Gazette, 35, 81
Stamp Act, 230–233, 266–269, 273
Stevens, Zingo, 251, 253
Stiles, Ezra, 242–243, 247–252
Stoddard, Solomon, 70, 73
Stout, Harry, xix
Sugar Act, 266–267
Sunday, Billy, xix
T
Tanner, Obour, 250, 253–254, 284
Tennent, Charles, 77, 96–97
Tennent, Gilbert
Andrew Croswell and, 157
background of, 22–28, 43–44
blasphemy and, 222
Charles Chauncy and, 131
critics of, 93–101, 108, 121–123, 156–157, 220
death of, 224
George Whitefield and, xx, 18, 21–22, 28–30, 43–61, 78–80, 100, 122–123, 153–157
James Davenport and, 117, 123–128, 220
Jonathan Edwards and, 71, 73
New Birth and, 96–101, 104, 106, 223
Samuel Davies and, 222–223, 279–280
slavery and, 142
theology of, 43–46, 71, 79–80, 89–102, 107–108, 138, 147–148, 155–157, 169, 220–222
Tennent, John, 25, 50
Tennent, William, 17–18, 23–24, 28, 48
Tennent, William, Jr., 50–52, 71, 96–97, 235
Tennent, William, Sr., 96–97, 219, 224
Tillotson, John, 34, 40–42, 46–48, 57, 64, 76, 161, 167
Townsend Acts, 273, 274
Tracy, Joseph, xvii
Treatise Concerning Religious Affections, A, 190
Trump, Donald, xiv–xv, 282
Trust in God, The Duty of a People in a Day of Trouble, 274
Tucker, St. George, 280
V
Vesey, William, 19, 28
Vinal, William, 245, 249
W
Warren, James, 66
Wesley, Charles, 16, 32, 152
Wesley, John, 16, 32, 56, 152, 233
Wheaten, Sarah, xx, 87–92, 132–138, 238–255
Wheatley, Phillis, 236–237, 251, 284
Whitefield, Elizabeth (James), 158–161, 234
Whitefield, George
Andrew Croswell and, 82–83, 262
arrest of, 81–82, 161–162
background of, 3–4
Benjamin Franklin and, 37–42, 46–47, 59–60, 108–113, 167, 175, 226, 231–233, 236
blasphemy and, 44–49, 82, 98, 235
Charles Chauncy and, xx, 131, 165–169
critics of, 19–21, 32–37, 40–42, 46–61, 76–82, 103, 121, 151–154, 160–166, 227–229
death of, 236
Gilbert Tennent and, xx, 18, 21–22, 28–30, 43–61, 78–80, 100, 122–123, 153–157
illnesses of, 49, 62, 151, 235–236
imperial policy and, 22–42, 45
James Davenport and, xx, 53, 57, 78–79, 117, 123–128, 151–154
Jonathan Edwards and, xx, 59, 68, 72–74, 114–115, 154
Jonathan Mayhew and, 63–68, 163–167, 233
journals of, 48, 61, 63, 66–67, 76, 227
marriage of, 158–159
New Birth and, 89–92, 106, 144, 169, 226–228
ode to, 236–237
orphanage and, 16, 29–33, 56–59, 80–81, 151, 158–161, 233–234
politics and, 227–228
power of, 3–42
publications by, 226–229
slavery and, 31–32, 35–40, 47, 54, 76, 141–143, 159–161, 233–234, 284
theology of, xix–xx, 3–42, 45–62, 72–82, 89, 114–115, 138, 147–148, 151–169, 235–236, 279
travels of, xix–xx, 3–42, 46–64, 76–82, 159–161, 234–236
Wigglesworth, Edward, 164, 197, 218
Winter, Cornelius, 234
Winthrop, John, 60, 68
Wirt, William, 280–281
Y
Yamma, Bristol, 251, 254, 284
Z
Zealots, xix, 48, 67, 111, 172, 192, 201, 265
Zinzendorf, Nicolaus, 100, 122